Detection of Metabolites of Vecuronium Bromide in Visceral Samples Solves A Typical Death Mystery- (Toxicokinetics- Studies Using Gc-Ms Technique).

Introduction: On Sudden death of a medical student (20 year old girl) of National Institute of Medical Science autopsy materials along with site of injection were sent to F.S.L. It was informed during investigation that the girl took tetanus vaccine before death. In crime scene investigation Forensic Team observed that it was a case of gross negligence of dispensing wrong injection. Material: Tests were performed on viscera material viz., liver, spleen, kidney, lungs, brain, skin and blood etc. Mystery of suspected death was solved when a new GC-MS application was designed to get the unknown drug and various fragments of extracted material were studied. Method: A new method was developed on gas-chromatography-mass spectrophotometer and TL.C using various solvent systems is explained. Results: Metabolite fragments of vecuronium bromide a muscle relaxant were surprisingly observed in Viscera material, Blood sample and Skin piece from Leftt cubital fossa from this young girl, whose death is questioned. Conclusion: Structural elucidations of fragments provide a new approach to toxicokinetics. Th e explanation of fragments obtained were structurally compared with other neuromuscular blocking groups like atracurium and succinyl choline Th e presence of bromide attached cholest-5-en-Br, hydroxylated cholest-5-en-ol as hydroxylated product, acetylated fragments as cholest-5-enacetate and piperidone-2-one present in visceral samples indicates structural part obtained from vecuronium bromide drug. Th ese metabolites studies makes the case studies highly informative. Beside this new method of extractions, TLC systems and colouring reagents are also explained.

Padronizaçao de tecnicas bioquimicas no laboratorio clinico I. Creatinina / Kinetic and end-point technique in the determination of serum creatinine levels

Com a finalidade de avaliar algumas propriedades apresentadas pelas tecnicas "cinetica" e de "ponto final" na dosagem de creatinina serica, foram estudados alguns aspectos da reaçao (Reaçao de Jaffe) em "kits" de diferentes fabricantes. Os "kits" analisados pela tecnica de "ponto-final" apresentaram sempre boa estabilidade de reaçao e boa reprodutividade. A linearidade foicompativel com os dados apresentados pelo fabricante. Quanto a reaçao com soros diluidos, foi observado que alguns "kits" respondem satisfatoriamente. Na tecnica "cinetica", linearidade e reprodutividade, mostram bons resultados e a utilizaçao com soro diluido so e possivel em diluiçoes ate 1/10. Tempo de incubaçao e temperatura tambem foram estudados e todos esses dados foram discutidos.

Studies on thermal behaviour of iodine xylenols and cresols redox reactions

The thermal behavior of iodine xylenols and cresols redox reactions were investigated aiming to throw light on their mechanisms. Kinetic studies of these redox reactions involve determination of the overall reaction order and the order of the reaction in the presence of excess iodine. It also involves determination of the rate constants and thermodynamic parameters at equal variable concentrations of both reactants, and different temperatures. The overall order of the reaction is determined from half-life times and is found to be 1.5-3.0. The reaction is found to be pseudo first order with respect to the substrate. The thermodynamic parameters E alpha, delta S* and delta H* of activation are calculated at various conditions of reactions. A mechanism for the reaction is suggested by considering the results obtained. The reactions involve oxidation of these phenols by a 2e mechanism, followed by the formation of inner ionic complexes [intermediates] which hydrolyze to give the final products. The thermal behavior of these redox reactions are followed spectrophotometrically at different temperatures. All observations occurring during the reaction course are explained and confirm the proposed mechanisms

Kinetics of epoxidering opening

The rates of the reactions of some trans -epoxy-p-substituted benzalacetophenones with morpholine in acetonitrile have been measured at different temperatures. The reactions are second order and proceed via S[N2]-like mechanism to give the corresponding alpha-hydroxy-beta -morpholino- beta- [p-substituted phenyl] propiophenones. Effect of substituents has in terms of Hammett linear free energy relationship