Secretory carcinoma of the breast, commonly exhibits the features of low grade, triple negative breast carcinoma- A Case report with updated review of literature

Secretory carcinoma of the breast (SBC) is a rare breast neoplasm. Most of the patients present at an early stage with a relatively indolent clinical course. Lymph node and distant metastasis are also very infrequent. The histomorphological features of the secretory breast carcinoma are quite characteristic. Predominantly three histological patterns, solid, microcystic, and tubular, have been noted with copious amounts of intra and extracellular secretory material. Most commonly, no positivity for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and ERBB2(HER2/neu) is observed in SBCs. As SBC can occasionally be hormone receptor-positive, they should not be categorized in the triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) group in general. A very characteristic genetic translocation t (12;15) has been noted in this rare tumor, resulting in a fusion between ETV6 and NTRK3 proteins. We present a case of a 60-year-old lady who presented with right breast lump of 1-month duration and was managed by lumpectomy and sentinel lymph node dissection. Axillary dissection was not performed because the sentinel lymph node biopsy was negative. Postoperative radiotherapy was given to the right breast with a boost to the tumor bed. No adjuvant chemotherapy was given No recurrence has been noted even after a year of the completion of treatment

Antibacterial activity of the secretory materials of some scale insects [Coccoidea-Homiptera] [Applied]

The antibacterial activity of secretory materials present in the scale cover and produced materials of certain scale insects were examined against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. The scale insect included two soft scales insects; Icerya aegyptiaca Douglas and Ceroplastes rusci L. and three hard scales insects; Aonidiella aurantii Maskell, Lepidosaphes beckii Newman and Parlatoria zizyphus Lucas. Secretions of the scale insects were extracted with ethanol, acetone and DMSO. The antibacterial activities of extracted secretions of insects were investigated against Gram positive and negative bacteria. The Gram negative bacteria included Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The Gram positive bacteria included Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus dysgalacticae and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. It was obvious that no antibacteria! activity of all insect secretions extracted with DMSO against all pathogenic bacteria except secretion of A. aurantii which showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus. But the extraction of the secretion of the scale insects extracted with acetone and ethanol were varied according to the type of insect secretion and type of pathogenic bacteria. Results of the experiments showed that the ethanol was the most suitable solvent for extraction of scale insect secretion. The antibacterial activity was varied according to the species of the scale insects

Distribución del componente secretor en glándulas salivales de alcohólicos / Secretory component distribution in salivary glands of alcoholic subjects

En los pacientes alcohólicos se han reportado, además de una serie de alteraciones sistémicas, una pobre salud bucal, la que según algunos autores no se debería exclusivamente a una menor higiene bucal. Para probar la hipótesis de que la menor salud bucal de los pacientes alcohólicos se debe a alteraciones de la calidad de su saliva, se escogió el componente secretor como marcador de cambios en la secreción de las glándulas salivales de estos pacientes. Se estudiaron ocho muestras de glándulas salivales menores de labio de pacientes alcohólicos cirróticos, ocho muestras de alcohólicos no cirróticos y cuatro muestras controles. A estas biopsias se les aplicó una técnica inmunohistoquímica incubándolas con anticuerpo policlonal anti componente secretor. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la ubicación del componente secretor al comparar los pacientes alcohólicos con los controles. Se corroboró la ubicación del componente secretor fundamentalmente en las semilunas de Gianuzzi y en conductos estriados, observándose igualmente en los bordes laterales de las células mucosas de los acinos

Immunoassays of secretory IgA and secretory component

1. A sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) is described for quantitation of secretory IgA (sIgA) in human serum, as well as an ELISA and a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for measurement of secretory component (SC) is human serum. Samples were reduced and alkylated prior to the measurement of SC. 2. Healthy individuals (N = 53) presented low levels of SC (median, 0.9 mg/l). The protein levels were significantly elevated when compared with the controls, in sera of women during the second (N = 31; median, 1.5 mg/l) and third (N = 35; median, 2.4 mg/l) and acute viral hepatitis (N = 25; median 2.4 mg/l). SC levels of women in the first trimester of pregnancy (N = 24; median, 0.5 mg/l) did not differ from the controls. 3. sIgA levels were also significantly elevated when sera of women in the third trimester of pregnancy (N = 41; median, 25.4 mg/l) and sera of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (N = 32; median, 75.0 mg/l) or acute viral hepatitis (N = 38; median, 28.5 mg/l) were compared with controls (N = 49; median, 9.0 mg/l). women in the first (N = 25; median, 7.7 mg/l) and second (N = 29; median, 10.2 mg/l trimester of pregnancy did not present levels statistically different from the controls. 4. The results obtained for SC by RIA and ELISA were positively correlated (rs = 0.88; P < 0.001). sIgA levels determined by ELISA were also positively correlated with the results of RIA-SC(rs = 0.77;P<0.001) or ELISA-SC (rs = 0.79; P < 0.001). 5. The assays described are specific, relatively simple to perform, and can be useful for the study of the secretory system

The current status of cholera vaccine development and experience with cholera vaccine trials in volunteers.

In recent years notable advances have been made in the development of improved vaccines to prevent cholera. These new vaccines are administered orally to maximally stimulate intestinal secretory immunity. Killed vibrios, given in conjunction with purified B subunit or administered alone, in three spaced doses, caused no adverse reactions and have conferred significant protection in volunteer challenge studies and in field trials. Two attenuated mutants of V. cholerae, prepared by recombinant DNA techniques, CVD 103 and CVD 103-HgR are well-tolerated and elicit prominent immune responses and protective immunity after ingestion of a single oral dose. Other modern approaches being pursued include the development of auxotrophic strains and of modifying attenuated S. typhi strain Ty21a to express V. cholerae Inaba and Ogawa LPS antigens.

Estrutura da prostata da cobaia (Cavia porcellus, L): reexame da histologia do complexo secretorio. / Structure of the prostate of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus, L): histological reexamination of the secretory complex

No presente trabalho e descrita a morfologia da prostata da cobaia ao nivel do microscopio optico. Observou-se que esta glandula possui dois lobos: dorsal maior e ventral menor, localizada nos paquimeros correpondentes. A estrutura glandular e mucosa havendo predominio da configuracao tubular e alveolar no lobo dorsal. O epitelio secretor esta formado por celulas basais e principais no lobo ventral. Aparentemente, nao se observam celulas basais no lobo dorsal, no qual se obervaram tambem linfocitos intra-epiteliais. A secrecao celular e clara, hialina e tem como caracteristicas: eosinofilia e PAS-positividade

Incidental discovery of an unusual secretor status of patient group A2B with anti-A1 antibody in the serum.

A variant of AB blood group (A2B) in a patient is described. Anti-A1 agglutinin was demonstrated in the serum and the saliva of secretor contained BH but no A substance. This is the first report of abnormality regarding secretor status of group A2B, individual from Bangladesh.