Tumor condrolipomatoso (condrolipoma) de mama / Chondrolipoma of the breast

Introduction: Cartilage is an uncommon component in breast lesions, most of cases it correspond to metaplasia of malignant neoplasm and its occurrence in benign tumors is exceptional. Cartilage- containing breast benign tumors has been subclassified by their majors features accord to each author, but their main composition remains to be adipose tissue, fibrous stroma and cartilage, with or without breast epithelium. Chondrolipoma of the breast was reported for the first time by Kaplan in 1977, and since then reports of this entity has been anecdotal with less than 20 cases published. Clinical case: We expose the first case diagnosed of chondrolipoma of the breast in Colombia, performed on the Pathology Department of Universidad Industrial de Santander (Bucaramanga-Colombia) along with a literature review, due to the low frequency of this diagnosis and the few information about it.

Introducción: El cartílago es un componente poco común en las lesiones de mama, la mayoría de casos corresponden a metaplasias de lesiones malignas siendo excepcional el hallazgo en lesiones benignas; estas últimas se han subclasificado de acuerdo a las características histológicas destacables para cada autor, pero globalmente se componen de tejido adiposo, estroma fibroso y cartílago, mientras que el componente epitelial mamario es de presentación variable. El condrolipoma de mama fue reportado por primera vez en 1977 por Kaplan y desde esa fecha los reportes han sido anecdóticos con menos de 20 casos publicados. Caso clínico: Se expone el primer caso diagnosticado en Colombia de condrolipoma de mama, diagnóstico efectuado en el Departamento de Patología de la Universidad Industrial de Santander (Bucaramanga-Colombia) y se hace una revisión de la literatura de esta entidad, dada la baja frecuencia de su diagnóstico y a la escasa información al respecto.

Analysis of angiogenic factors and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in cartilaginous tumors: clinical and histological correlation

OBJECTIVES: To study the role of angiogenesis and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in cartilaginous tumors and correlate these factors with prognosis. INTRODUCTION: For chondrosarcoma, the histological grade is the current standard for predicting tumor outcome. However, a low-grade chondrosarcoma can follow an aggressive course-as monitored by sequential imaging techniques-even when it is histologically indistinguishable from an enchondroma. Therefore, additional tools are needed to help identify the biological potential of these tumors. The degree of angiogenesis that is induced by the tumor could assist in this task. Angiogenesis can be quantified by measuring the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and CD34, and cyclooxygenase-2 can induce angiogenesis by stimulating the production of proangiogenic factors. METHODS: In total, 21 enchondromas and 58 conventional chondrosarcomas were studied by examining the clinical and histopathological findings in conjunction with the immunostaining markers of angiogenesis and cyclooxygenase- 2 expression. RESULTS: The significant variables that were associated with poor outcome were 1) higher-grade chondrosarcomas, 2) tumors that developed in flat bones, and 3) over-expression of CD34 (with a median count that was higher than 5.9 vessels in 5 high power fields). Moreover, CD34 expression (measured using the Chalkley method) revealed significantly higher microvessel density in flat bone chondrosarcomas. DISCUSSION: Previous studies have shown a positive correlation between Chalkley microvessel density and histological grade; however, in our sample, we found that the former is predictive of the outcome. Chondrosarcomas in flat bones have been shown to correlate with a poor prognosis. We also found that CD34 microvessel density values were significantly higher in flat-bone chondrosarcomas. This could explain-at least in part-the more aggressive biological course that is taken by these tumors. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence that CD34 microvessel density in chondrosarcomas can be helpful in predicting patient outcome and may add to our understanding of chondrosarcoma pathogenesis.

Condroma de partes blandas / Condroma of soft parts

Se presenta un caso de condroma extra esquelético de pabellón auricular, en un paciente de sexo masculino de 11 años de edad, cuyo inicio fue dos años antes de la consulta en 1999, permaneciendo estable hasta la actualidad. Se consideran los diferentes diagnósticos diferenciales clínicos e histológicos, características evolutivas y el tratamiento del tumor.

Extraskeletal chondroma of the hand--a case report.

Extraskeletal chondroma is a rare entity. A fairly benign condition, it is usually seen in adults. It presents as an enlarging mass, most commonly in the hand. Local excision is the treatment of choice. We present a case of extraskeletal chondroma of hand in a 12 year male child. Its variable histological appearance not infrequently leads to a mistaken diagnosis of chondrosarcoma.

Tumores Oseos Condroides: Condromas Versus Condrosarcomas Convencionales

Chondroid lesions present some radiologic features which are common to benign chondroid lesions and chondrosarcomas of low-grade. It is not always possible to differentiate them, and a careful analysis must be looked. We revised the main characteristics of the continuum Enchondroma-Conventional Chondrosarcoma from the perspective of plain X-ray films, Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance imaging.

Las lesiones condroides presentan aspectos radiológicos que son comunes para las de carácter benigno y condrosarcomas convencionales de bajo grado. La diferenciación no siempre es posible y se debe considerar una cuidadosa evaluación imagenológica patológica y clínica. Se revisan las principales características imagenológicas del continuo encondroma-condrosarcoma convencional desde la perspectiva de la radiología simple, tomografía computada y resonancia magnética.

Extraskeletal Chondroma of the Fallopian Tube

Extraskeletal chondroma can occur in the hands, feet, head and neck. This tumor usually presents as a small solitary nodule. The histogenesis of the tumor is controversial, but some have suggested a metaplastic origin. Chondroma of the fallopian tube is very rare. There is only one report in English literature. The origin of this tumor can be subcoelomic mesenchyme of the tubal serosa or mesenchyme of the myosalpinx. We describe a case of chondroma arising from the serosal surface of the fallopian tube with a review of literature. A 30-yr-old woman visited hospital due to left adnexal mass. On operating finding, 2 x 3 cm sized nodular mass was noted on the left tubal serosal area. The excised mass showed multilobulated appearance covered with thin fibrous membrane. The cut surface was solid, grayish yellow, and myxoid with a focal gelatinous area. The microscopic finding showed islands and elongated lobules of mature benign cartilage without cytologic atypia.

Ressecçäo artroscópica de tumor na articulaçäo coxofemoral: relato de um caso / Arthroscopic resection of tumor in the coxofemoral joint: report of a case

Os autores apresentam uma indicaçäo para artroscopia do quadril com diagnóstico de condroma, confirmado por exame anatomopatológico. A indicaçäo do procedimento artroscópico se deu após realizaçäo de diversos exames e constataçäo, à ressonância magnética, de imagem anormal intra-articular na regiäo da fóvea. O objetivo era a biópsia e, se possível, ressecçäo artroscópica, para evitar-se, assim, artrotomia ampla e possibilitar reabilitaçäo mais rápida e menos traumática. Após seguimento aproximado de um ano, o paciente encontra-se assintomático

Condroma extraesquelético cutáneo / Cutaneous nonskeletal chondroma

El condroma es un tumor benigno, de tejido cartilaginoso, que se localiza en huesos largos pequeños. Excepcionalmente se encuentra en tejidos blandos, dando la variante extraesquelética cutánea, cuando lo hace en la piel. La mayoría de estos casos se localizan en las extremidades, siendo más frecuentes en las superiores, en una proporción de 3:1 con respecto a las inferiores. Predomina en la raza blanca y en adultos jóvenes. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 63 años, con un condroma extraesquelético cutáneo de localización plantar, de un año de evolución, aspecto noduloide, doloroso a la palpación y a la compresión al deambular, de 1 cm de diámetro. Se trata de la primera comunicación en la literatura de habla hispana

Chondromyxoid fibroma: a study based on 18 cases

The authors report on 18 cases of chondromyxoid fibroma seen at the Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Säo Paulo, from 1953 to 1990. A survery of the literature on chondromyxoid fibromas was conducted and radiographic analysis of all cases is presented, with a mean follow-up of 64 months. The surgical treatment employed in each case is discussed, with emphasis on the use of cement as an adjuvant. This procedure was used in 10 patients, who have been free of recurrence up to the present time

Extraskeletal chondromas

The authors are most grateful to Dr. Edgardo González, from Pavía Hospital, for referring to us the pathologic specimen, clinical findings, radiographs and CT of the patient with the para-articular chondroma. Also, to Dr. Ricardo Rosario, from the Department of Surgery of Dr. Ramón Ruiz Arnau University Hospital and the Universidad Central del Caribe, for the surgical specimen and follow-up of the patient with the soft tissue chondroma

Tumores y pseudotumores de hueso / Tumos and pseudotumos of bones

De 1972 a 1986, en el Hospital de Clinicas de la Ciudad de La Paz se informaron 125 tumores primarios y 13 seudotumores de hueso. De los tumores primarios, 57% fueron benignos, 28% malignos y 14% se diagnosticaron como tumores de celulas gigantes. La mayoria de los pacientes afectados se encontraban entre los 10 y 29 anos, siendo los varones los mas afectados, Los tumores benignos mas frecuentes fueron el osteocondroma (63.38) y el condroma (28.16). El osteasarcoma (50) y el condrosarcoma (25) han sido las neoplasias malignas de mayor incidencia. Entre los seudotumores el quiste oseo ancuarismatico se registro en mas de la mitad de los casos de este grupo. La distribucion por sexo, edad y localizacion topografica es similar a estadisticas extranjeras.

Osteocondroma solitário / Solitary osteochondroma

Apresenta-se caso de osteocondroma solitário de localizaçäo femoral inferior. O exame radiológico foi compatível com o diagnóstico de osteocondroma. O trabalho realizado consistiu na exérese cirúrgica da lesäo. O estudo histopatológico identificou neoformaçäo óssea revestida de cartilagem, sendo conclusivo de osteocondroma

Osteocondroma subungueal del primer artejo / Subungueal osteochondroma of the 1th phalanx

El osteocondroma, bien estudiado en ambiente traumatológico, es poco conocido para los dermatólogos. La localización subungueal de esta afección es la menos frecuente. Por ello nos parece de interés presentar este caso que puede prestarse a diversos diagnóstico diferenciales: encondroma, quiste epidérmico, glomangioma, lipoma, botriomicoma, timor de Koenen, carcinoma espinocelular, melanoma melanótico, condrosarcoma, verruga subungueal, lesioens quísticas y seudotumorales

Condroma mandibular associado a cisto mediano de mandíbula (com epitélio do tipo respiratório): apresentaçäo de um caso / Mandibular condroma related to a mandibular medial cyst (with respiratory-like epithelium): a case report

É apresentado um caso de condroma intra-ósseo localizado na regiäo anterior da mandíbula e que estava associado a um cisto mediano, em uma mulher de 41 anos, de raça branca

Condroma de língua / Tongue chondroma

Os autores fizeram um levantamento de casos de condroma de língua. Discutiram as várias hipóteses relativas à etiologia e patologia desse tumor. Relataram ainda caso original