Morphological alterations and time-kill studies of the essential oil from the leaves of Coriandrum sativum L. on Candida albicans / Alteraciones morfológicas y estudios de letalidad del aceite esencial de las hojas de Coriandrum sativum L. en Candida albicans

The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological alterations and time-kill of the essential oil of the leaves of C. sativum L. on strains of C. albicans. The essential oil was submitted to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The predominant component identified was linalool (39.78 percent). Minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal fungicidal concentration of the essential oil were respectively 512 and 1024 ug.mL-1 for 90 percent of the strains tested. In the time-kill curves, the essential oil showed a concentration-dependent fungicidal effect. In the micromorphology assay it caused a significant reduction in pseudohyphae, an important pathogenic factor of C. albicans.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las alteraciones morfológicas y de letalidad del aceite esencial de las hojas de C. sativum L. en cepas de C. albicans. El aceite esencial se presentó a gas análisis de espectrometría de cromatografía-masa. El componente predominante identificado fue linalol (39,78 por ciento). Concentración inhibitoria mínima y concentración mínima fungicida del aceite esencial fueron, respectivamente, 512 y 1.024 ìg.mL-1 para 90 por ciento de las cepas probadas. En las curvas el tiempo-matar, el aceite esencial mostró un efecto fungicida dependiente de la concentración. En el ensayo de micromorfología causó una reducción significativa en pseudohifas, un importante factor patógeno de C. albicans.

Cytotoxicity and oxidative stress of arsenic and the possible ameliorative effect of Coriandrum Sativum L. in albino rats

This work has been carried out in order to investigate the possible ameliorative effect of Coriander in arsenic - induced toxicity in albino rats. 2,3 Dimercaptosuccinic acid [DMSA] was used as chelating agent. To achieve this purpose, 60 adult albino rats were used and randomly divided into equal 5 groups [12 rats each]. Group 1 served as negative control, group 2 received daily 100 ppm of sodium arsenite in drinking water, group 3 rats received daily oral dose of sod. arsenite and Coriander seeds extract [CSE] [1 g/kg body weight]., group 4 rats received sod. arsenite and oral dose of DMSA [0.05 g/ kg b.w] for 5 days lasted. Group 5 rats received sod. arsenite, Coriander seeds extract [CSE] and DMSA for 5 days lasted. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks and blood samples were withdrawn 4 and 8 weeks after induction of toxicity and different treatments. The antioxidant potential was carried out using the methanolic extract of Coriander seeds. Reducing power assay and Diphenyl picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] radical scavenging assay methods proved the antioxidant potency of CSE. In-vivo studies using the different biochemical techniques and antioxidant parameters proved that sodium arsenite caused a significant increase in all parameters concerned the liver toxicity while treatment of CSE or DMSA caused an ameliorative effect on this toxicity. Induction of hepatotoxicity by arsenite together with CSE and DMSA proved the synergistic effects of these chelating agents on arsenite toxicity

Coriandrum sativum L. aqueous extract mitigates high fat diet induced insulin resistance by controlling visceral adiposity in C57BL/6J Mice / Coriandrum sativum L. extracto acuoso mitiga dieta rica en grasas de alta resistencia a la insulina inducida por el control de la adiposidad visceral en ratones C57BL/6J

This study investigates the effect of dietary supplementation with Coriandrum sativum L. seed aqueous extract (CS) to a high fat diet (HFD), for induced insulin resistance (IR) C57BL/6J mice. Changes in body weight, food intake, feed efficiency ratio, fasting blood glucose (FBG), plasma insulin, fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI), plasma and hepatic triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels were evaluated in control and treated groups. Also, the diameter, surface area and number of adipocytes and, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and intraperitoneal insulin response test (IPRTT) were performed. CS supplementation (1 percent and 3 percent w/w) to HFD fed mice (for 12 weeks) significantly prevented HFD induced increment in body weight gain, food intake, feed efficiency, FBG, plasma insulin, FIRI, plasma and hepatic TG and TC and, plasma FFA, adipocyte diameter and surface area along with decrement in adipocyte number. Also, improved responses were recorded in the IPGTT and IPRTT in CS supplemented HFD fed mice. These set of changes were comparable to the rosiglitazone (0.05 percent) supplemented HFD fed mice. Our findings suggest that CS improves insulin sensitivity primarily by mitigating plasma and tissue lipids and, adipocyte hypertrophy.

En este estudio se investigó el efecto de un extracto acuoso de semillas de Coriandrum sativum L. (CS), adicionado a una dieta con alto contenido graso en ratones C57BL/6J, con resistencia a la insulina inducida. Los cambios en el aumento de peso corporal, consumo de alimento, eficiencia alimenticia, glicemia, insulina plasmática, índice de resistencia a la insulina, triglicéridos hepáticos y plasmáticos, colesterol total y concentración plasmática de ácidos grasos libres, fueron evaluados en grupos control y tratados. Adicionalmente se controló, el diámetro, superficie y número de adipocitos, prueba de tolerancia a la glucosa intraperitoneal y la prueba de respuesta de la insulina por vía intraperitoneal. La adición de CS (1 por ciento y 3 por ciento w / w) a la dieta con alto contenido graso a ratones (12 semanas) previno de manera significativa el incremento de peso, la ingesta de alimentos, la eficiencia alimenticia, FBG, la insulina plasmática, FIRI, los triglicéridos hepáticos y plasmáticos, el colesterol total, ácidos grasos libres plasmáticos, el diámetro de los adipocitos y la superficie junto con el decremento en el número de los adipocitos. Además, mejoras de la respuesta se registraron en el IPGTT y IPRTT. Este conjunto de cambios fue comparable al obtenido con rosiglitazona (0,05 por ciento), adicionada a la dieta con alto contenido graso. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el CS mejora la sensibilidad a la insulina principalmente por la mitigación de los lípidos del plasma, del tejido y la hipertrofia del adipocito.

Evaluation the effect of dill [Anethum graveolens L .] and coriander [sativum L.] on lipid profile, liver and kidney functions in hypercholesterolaemic rats

Cardiovascular disease is the most important adult health problem in the world. Epidemiological studies and laboratory experiments have shown that fruit and vegetable consumption has protective effects against cardiovascular disease. So that, the aim of this study is to investigate, the hypocholesterolaemic effects of Dill [Anethum graveolens L.] and Coriander [Coriandrum sativum L.] in two levels 5 and 10% for 6 weeks in hypercholesterolemic rats and their effects on liver and kidney functions. Thirty six rats were divided into six groups, [each of 6 rats] as follow, first group [control negative] fed on basal diet only, second group [control positive] fed on hypercholesterolemic diet [basal diet, 1% cholesterol, 0.25% bile salt and 15% beef tallow], third groups fed on hypercholesterolemic diet supplemented with 5% coriander, fourth groups fed on hypercholesterolemic diet supplemented with 10% coriander, fifth group fed on hypercholesterolemic diet supplemented with 5% dill, and the sixth group fed on hypercholesterolemic diet supplemented with 10% dill. At the end of the experimental period [6 weeks] blood was collected then lipid profile and liver and kidney functions were determined in the serum. The results indicated that, consumption of dill or coriander with 5% or 10% significantly [P<0.05] decreased the mean value of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C and VLDL-C and significantly increased serum HDL-C as compared to control positive group. Also both dill and coriander significantly [P<0.05] improved liver and kidney functions. It was observed that no significant differences between the two tested levels and also between dill or coriander, It is concluded that dill and coriander have a significant lipid lowering effects and are promising hypocholesterolemic agents. Further scientific efforts are certainly required to establish the exact mechanism of action using the purified active components of them

The cholesterol lowering property of coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum): mechanism of action.

Coriandrum sativum (Coriander) has been documented as a traditional treatment for cholesterol and diabetes patients. In the present study, coriander seeds incorporated into diet and the effect of the administration of coriander seeds on the metabolism of lipids was studied in rats, fed with high fat diet and added cholesterol. The seeds had a significant hypolipidemic action. In the experimental group of rats (tissue) the level of total cholesterol and triglycerides increased significantly There was significant increase in beta-hydroxy, beta-methyl glutaryl CoA reductase and plasma lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase activity were noted in the experimental group. The level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) + very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol decreased while that of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol increased in the experimental group compared to the control group. The increased activity of plasma LCAT enhanced degradation of cholesterol to fecal bile acids and neutral sterols appeared to account for its hypocholesterolemic effect.

Diversity of root associated microorganisms of selected medicinal plants and influence of rhizomicroorganisms on the antimicrobial property of Coriandrum sativum.

The total heterotrophic bacteria, actinomycetes and fungus were enumerated from the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of 50 selected locally available medicinal plants in and around Bharathiar University. In all the plants, population of microorganism were higher in the rhizosphere soil than in the non rhizosphere soil. Among the microorganisms, bacterial population was higher in number followed by fungus and actinomycetes. Of the medicinal plants, the maximum rhizosphere effect was observed in Annona squamosa and the minimum effect was seen in Eclipta alba and Cassia auriculata. Among the bacteria the dominant species was Bacillus followed by Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Corynebacterium, Micrococcus and Serratia. The Streptomyces species was found to be dominant followed by Deuteromycetes and Frankia among the actinomycetes. Among the fungal isolates Rhizopus was found to be higher in number followed by Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor and Fusarium. About 70.96% of the bacterial isolates were found to be nitrate reducers and 90.60% of the bacteria solubilised phosphate. The rhizosphere bacterial isolates were also capable of hydrolyzing starch, cellulose, casein, urea and gelatin. The isolates of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungus were also able to produce phytohormone Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The maximum IAA production was recorded by Fusarium sp (5.8 mg/l). The rhizosphere bacterial isolates showed resistance to 14 commercially used antibiotics. In an attempt to check the influence of these plant growth promoting microorganisms on the antimicrobial property of Coriandrum sativum against Escherichia coli MTCC-443 and Aeromonas hydrophila MTCC-646, the results observed was not encouraging since the inoculants did not influence the antibacterial property. However extensive and in depth study is required to find out the influence of rhizomicroorganisms on the antibacterial property of medicinal plants. The other results clearly indicated that the rhizosphere microorganisms could be exploited for its innumerable properties and active metabolites.

Larvicidal activity of plant extracts used alone and in combination with known synthetic larvicidal agents against Aedes aegypti.

Larvicidal activity of acetone and petroleum ether extracts of four plants Murraya koenigii, Coriandrum sativum, Ferula asafoetida, Trigonella foenum graceum and synthetic larvicides Fenthion and Temephos used alone and in combination was carried out against A. aegypti larvae under laboratory conditions. Optimum values were found out by using different concentrations of each plant (ranged 25 ppm-900 ppm) and both synthetic larvicides (ranged 0.01-7.5 ppm). The synergistic study was carried out by using 0.05 ppm of Temephos and Fenthion with 25ppm of M. koenigii, F. asafetida, T. foenum graceum and 100 ppm of C. sativum. All the plants showed potential synergistic activity although showed comparatively poor larvicidal activity when tested individually.

Hypolipidemic effect of Coriandrum sativum L. in triton-induced hyperlipidemic rats.

In the biphasic model of triton-induced hyperlipidemia, C. sativum at a dose of 1g/kg body weight reduced cholesterol and triglycerides levels in both synthesis and excretory phases in rats, and the results were comparable with that of Liponil, a commercially available herbal hypolipidemic drug. The results suggest that coriander decreases the uptake and enhances the breakdown of lipids. From the study it can be assumed that coriander has the potential to be popularized as a household herbal remedy with preventive and curative effect against hyperlipidemia.