Isolated Meningitis and Lacrimal Gland Abscess due to Odontogenic Sinusitis: Case Report / Meningitis Aislada y Absceso de la Glándula Lagrimal debido a Sinusitis Odontogénica: Reporte de un Caso

ABSTRACT: Our objective was report an extremely rare case of isolated meningitis and suppurative dacrioadenitis as consequences of odontogenic sinusitis. We describe the diagnostic tools including imaging and culture, as well as surgical treatment and follow-up. Our final diagnosis was odontogenic sinusitis caused by Streptococcus Anginosus complicated by isolated meningitis and lacrimal gland abscess. Urgent surgical treatment to restore the paranasal sinuses and drainage of the lacrimal gland was performed. Culture from purulent material collected from maxillary sinus indicated the targeted therapy. Clinical assessment and imaging obtained 20 days after surgery demonstrated successful results. This case emphasizes the importance of evaluating intracranial complications of rinosinusitis, the need to search for a dental infection when a maxillary sinusitis is encountered, the key role of a thorough diagnostic workup in order to plan a comprehensive and effective surgical treatment, as well as targeted medical therapy.

RESUMEN: En este estudio se informa un caso extremadamente raro de meningitis aislada y dacrioadenitis supurativa, como consecuencia de sinusitis odontogénica. Describimos las herramientas de diagnóstico que incluyen imágenes y cultivo, como también el tratamiento quirúrgico y el seguimiento. El diagnóstico final fue de sinusitis odontogénica causada por estreptococo anginoso complicado por una meningitis aislada y el absceso de la glándula lagrimal. Se realizó un tratamiento quirúrgico de urgencia para restaurar los senos paranasales y drenar la glándula lagrimal. Se determinó el tratamiento de acuerdo a los resultados de cultivo del seno maxilar. La evaluación clínica y las imágenes obtenidas 20 días después de la cirugía demostraron resultados exitosos. Es importante la evaluación de las complicaciones intracraneales de la rinosinusitis además de la necesidad de considerar una infección dental frente a una sinusitis maxilar. Por otra parte, es clave una evaluación exhaustiva de diagnóstico para planificar un tratamiento quirúrgico completo y efectivo, así como el tratamiento médico.

Dacryoliths causing intermittent epiphora associated with a patent lacrimal system / Dacriolitíase causando epífora intermitente associada a um sistema lacrimal de patente

ABSTRACT We present two patients with dacryoliths and patent lacrimal drainage with intermittent tearing and without infection. Dacryoliths can be present in the lacrimal sac or lacrimal duct without acute or chronic inflammation. In these cases, we believe dacryolith formation was a causative factor of intermittent epiphora even with a patent drainage system, and we propose that dacryoliths and even fungal colonization formation may be the first event before dacryocystitis and should be considered as a cause of epiphora.

RESUMO Apresentamos dois pacientes com dacriolitíase e drenagem lacrimal patente com lacrimejamento intermitente, sem infecção. Os dacriolitos podem estar presentes no saco lacrimal ou duto lacrimal, sem inflamação aguda ou crônica. Neste caso nós acreditamos que a dacriolitíase foi um fator causador da epífora intermitente mesmo com sistema de drenagem patente e propomos que dacriolitíase e até mesmo a colonização fúngica pode ser o primeiro evento antes dacriocistite, e deve ser adicionada como uma das causas de epífora.

Canaliculite crônica supurativa - aspectos clínicos e terapêuticos: relato de 3 casos / Chronic suppurative canaliculitis - clinical and therapeutic aspects: report of 3 cases

A canaliculite lacrimal é uma afecção rara, cujo principal agente etiológico é o Actinomyces israelii. Ela deve ser considerada como um diagnóstico diferencial nos casos de conjuntivite crônica recorrente. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar 3 casos de pacientes com canaliculite crônica supurativa e diferentes formas de tratamentos. O primeiro paciente apresentou uma canaliculite superior esquerda e foi tratado com uma canaliculotomia. Entretanto, o mesmo desenvolveu uma canaliculite inferior ipsilateral após 6 meses e foi submetido a um esquema de injeção intracanalicular de cefazolina fortificada com resultado satisfatório. O segundo paciente apresentou uma canaliculite inferior esquerda e foi tratado com uma canaliculotomia. O terceiro paciente teve uma canaliculite inferior esquerda e foi submetido a um esquema de injeção intracanalicular de cefazolina fortificada. Ambos obtiveram completa resolução dos sintomas e sinais. O presente estudo demonstra que a irrigação intracanalicular de cefazolina fortificada pode ser uma forma útil de tratamento de canaliculite crônica supurativa com sintomatologia mais branda. O maior benefício desta abordagem é evitar o traumatismo cirúrgico da canaliculotomia.

Lacrimal canaliculitis is a rare disease caused mainly by Actinomyces israelii. It should be regarded as a differential diagnosis of recurrent chronic conjunctivitis. The purpose of this study was to report 3 cases of chronic suppurative canaliculitis and different treatment options. The first patient presented with an upper left canaliculitis and was treated with a canaliculotomy. Nevertheless, he had an ipsilateral lower canaliculitis after 6 months and underwent intracanalicular injections of fortified cefazolin with complete remission. The second patient presented with a lower left canaliculitis and underwent a canaliculotomy. The third patient had a lower left canaliculitis and underwent intracanalicular injections of fortified cefazolin. Both achieved complete remission. The present article demonstrated that intracanalicular irrigation of fortified cefazolin may be a helpful treatment of chronic suppurative canaliculitis with mild symptoms and signs. The most important benefit of this approach is to avoid injury to the lacrimal canaliculus.

Epidemiologia y etiología de la dacriocistitis aguda en el servicio de oftalmología del Hospital Guillermo Grant Benavente, Concepción: Chile / Epidemiology and etiology of acute dacryocystitis in the ophthalmology service of the Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital, Concepcion. Chile

La Dacriocistitis Aguda (DA) consiste en una inflamación del saco lagrimal y conducto nasolagrimal, secundario a un proceso infeccioso mayoritariamente o a estenosis senil del conducto, traumatismos, tumores, sinusitis, conjuntivitis crónica y/o canaliculitis. Los grupos etarios más afectados son los lactantes y personas de edad avanzada, especialmente mujeres. Los agentes infecciosos más frecuentemente involucrados son Staphylococcus aureus y Streptococcus beta-hemolítico. Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de la patología, tiempo de hospitalización, la distribución por edad, la prevalencia por sexo de esta patología, tipo de tratamiento recibido por los pacientes. Metodología: los datos requeridos para el estudio se obtuvieron de la revisión de los antecedentes de hospitalización y de las fichas clínicas. Resultados: En un total de 1.870 hospitalizaciones oftalmológicas efectuadas entre Junio y Diciembre de 2007, 102 fueron por DA (5,5 por ciento). El 78 por ciento de estos era de sexo femenino y el mayor número de consultas se dieron en personas con edades entre los 70 y 79 años (33.3 por ciento). El 52.9 por ciento de los casos necesitó solo un día de hospitalización, recibiendo tratamiento sistémico el 15,7 por ciento de los pacientes que presentaba complicaciones o reagudización del cuadro. Conclusiones: El porcentaje de hospitalizaciones por DA constituye el 5,5 por ciento del total de hospitalizaciones por patologías oculares, la cual se manifiesta mayormente en mujeres adultas mayores, con hospitalizaciones de un día y antibióticoterapia sistémica efectuada con cloxacilina.

Acute dacryocystitis is an inflammation of the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct, mostly secondary infection process, or senile duct stenosis, trauma, tumors, sinusitis, or chronic conjunctivitis and canaliculitis. The age groups most affected are infants and elderly, especially women. Infectious agents most commonly involved are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus beta-hemolytic. There are no epidemiological studies or history of national and local causative of this condition. Objectives: To determine the frequency of hospitalization, the age distribution by sex and prevalence of this disease, know the length of hospital employee and the treatment received by patients Methodology: The data required for the study was obtained from a review of clinical records of patients Results. A total of 1870 hospitalizations eye made between June and Oecember 2007, 102 were for dacryocystitis (55 percent). 78 percent of patients were female and the largest number of inquiries occurred in patients aged 70 to 79 years (33.3 percent) The 52.9 percent of cases needed only one day of hospitalization, receiving systemic treatment for 15.7 percent of patients had complications or exacerbation of the clinical, being the drug of choice, cloxacillin. Conclusions: The incidence of hospitalizations for acute dacryocystitis is 5.5 percent of total hospitalizations for ocular pathologies. Oacryocystitis occurs mostly in older adults, whose age ranges are between 60 and 89 years, mostly female. The hospitalization time required is not more than one day to prepare for surgery, for the treatment of infectious event is performed as an outpatient. Systemic antibiotic therapy conducted in patients who show no response to empiric therapy is cloxacillin.

Bacteriological profile in chronic dacryocystitis.

A study was conducted to see the bacteriological profile in 172 cases of chronic dacryocystitis attending eye outpatients department of Midnapore Medical College and Hospital and NRS Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata. The patients underwent clinical examination of the eyes and lacrimal system, with particular attention to drainage system. The culture and sensitivity test was done from the material, which regurgitated through the punctum following pressure on sac. Out of 172 cases, 66(38.4%) were found with epiphora, 44 cases (25.9%) of epiphora with mass, 8 cases (4.6%) with epiphora mass with cellulitis and in 54 (31.4%) with chronic conjunctivitis. Bactriologically, 142 patients (82.5%) were revealed with pure culture, mixed culture in 18 cases (10.5%) and no growth of organism in 12 cases (7.0%). Staphylococcus aureus was found primary pathogen in disease process. Candida albicans were seen in 4 cases (2.3%).