Effects of protein and vitamin B deficiency on blood parameters and myenteric neurons of the colon of rats

The aims of this work were to evaluate the effects of the deficient ingestion of protein and vitamin B on the biochemical and hematologic parameters and on the NADH- and NADPH-diaphorase positive myenteric neurons. The control animals (n=10) received commercial chow and the experimental rats (n=10) received chow with protein level reduced to 8 percent during 120 days. At the time of killing blood was collected for assessment of the blood and hematologic parameters and the ascending colon for quantitative analysis of the neurons of the myenteric plexus. It was observed that the reduction of the protein level to 8 percent coupled to the reduction of the levels of vitamin B in adult rats neither led to qualitative or quantitative changes on red or white blood cells, nor decreased globulin levels, induced the formation of edema or gave rise to clinical signs typical of protein or vitamin B deficiency. On the other hand, the experimental protocol led to less weight gain, change on the body composition with fat deposition; decrease of the values of serum total protein and albumin; reduction of the area of colon and density of nitrergic and NADH-diaphorase myenteric neurons inferior to the expected

Effect of nutritional rehabilitation of undernourished rats on serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding proteins

El propósito del presente trabajo fue estudiar el efecto de la rehabilitación nutricia con dietas que contenían diferente concentración de proteína (6, 18 o 50 por ciento) en ratas previamente desnutridas sobre los niveles del factor de crecimiento semejante a la insulina (IGF-I) y de las proteínas que unen al factor semejante a la insulina (IGFBPs). La desnutrición se indujo alimentando ratas en crecimiento con 0.5 por ciento de caseína por cinco semanas. En este periodo, el crecimiento, las proteínas totales en el suero, las concentraciones de IGF-I en suero y la relación IGFBP-3/IGFBP-2 se encontraron significativamente disminuidas comparados con el grupo con libre acceso a una dieta con 18 por ciento de caseína. La rehabilitación nutricia por 21 días con 6 por ciento de caseína no cambió ninguno de estos parámetros. La rehabilitación nutricia con una dieta con 18 o 50 por ciento de caseína por un día no inició el restablecimiento de las concentraciones de IGF-I y la relación IGFBP-3/IGFBP-2. Sin embargo, después de 10 días con dietas al 18 o 50 por ciento de caseína por un día no inició el restablecimiento de las concentraciones de IGF-I y la relación IGFBP-3/IGFBP-2. Sin embargo, después de 10 días con dietas al 18 o 50 por ciento de caseína, las ratas aumentaron 12 veces las concentraciones de IGF-I y siete veces la relación IGFBP-3/IGFBP-2. Finalmente, la rehabilitación por 21 días con 18 o 50 por ciento de caseína produjo un incremento de 21 y 16 veces en las concentraciones de IGF-I y 6.1 y 14.5 veces en la relación IGFBP-3/IGFBP-2 respectivamente. Estos resultados sugieren que la rehabilitación nutricia con 18 por ciento o 50 por ciento de caseína son más efectivas que dietas que contienen 6 por ciento de caseína para restablecer el peso corporal. Las concentraciones de IGF-I e IGFBP-3 fueron indicadores sensibles de la evolución del estado nutricio dependiendo de la concentración de proteína en la dieta

Cytochemical & ultrastructural alteration of cytoplasmic granules of rat peripheral blood neutrophils induced by chronic alcoholism & malnutrition.

The specific influence of malnutrition on the pathophysiologic changes induced by chronic alcoholism is controversial. In an attempt to determine and demarcate the effects of protein malnutrition from those produced by alcoholism and to evaluate the precise effect of alcohol per se on cytochemical and ultrastructural properties of rat polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) granules, we investigated the influence of chronic protein malnutrition or chronic alcoholism alone and in combination, in rats. After a 4 month experimental period various PMN properties, such as cytochemical, morphometrical and ultrastructural, as well as neutrophil functions were studied. It was found that the degree of damage of PMNs induced either by ethanol or protein malnutrition alone was similar whereas their combination led to worsening of all markers of PMN functional ability. Ultrastructural changes of neutrophil granules including reduction, redistribution and atypical accumulation as well as appearance of autophagic vacuoles, confirmed their alteration which was emphasised by the additive pathophysiological interaction of alcoholism and chronic hypoprotein malnutrition.

Nutritional status of low socioeconomic school children at Srakaew Temple, Ang Thong.

Nutritional deficiency in school children is one of the major health problems in Thailand. This study was undertaken to investigate the nutritional status in 240 poor adopted school children who were classified as low socioeconomic. Biochemical parameters were measured for detecting early signs of nutritional deficiency before the clinical signs developed. Serum protein and albumin levels did not show statistically significant different between the protein energy deficiency group and the normal group (p greater than 0.05, p greater than 0.05). Fifty-four point five per cent of these children showed sign of vitamin B2 deficiency, 13.6 per cent of them with activity coefficient greater than 1.8, indicating the low protein intake of this group of children. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the vitamin B2 level between the normal and protein calorie malnutrition groups (p greater than 0.05). According to our study, the prevalence of anemia among these children was 53.1 per cent. Moreover, the difference in hemoglobin level between these two groups was found with statistical significance (p less than 0.05).

Influência da desnutriçäo protéica sobre a funçäo fagocitária de neutrófilos de ratos / Influence of protein malnutrition on the phagocytic function of neutrophils in rats

Estudou-se os efeitos da carência proteica sobre a funçäo fagocitária de neutrófilos do sangue e do exsudato peritoneal de ratos. Os animais carentes apresentaram valores significativamente menores para o número de leucócitos e de neutrófilos, para testes de reduçäo do NBT, para a atividade da peroxidase e para a atividade bactericida. A ingestäo de S. aureus e de particulas inertes näo mostrou diferença entre os grupos. A fosfatase alcalina leucocitária apresentou-se aumentada nos neutrófilos dos animais deficientes