Sexual function, anxiety and depression in women with benign breast disease. A case-control study / Disfunção sexual, ansiedade e depressão em mulheres com câncer de mama benigno. Um estudo de caso-controle

Summary Introduction: Sexual dysfunction is highly prevalent, affecting 40% of the female population. The incidence of such dysfunction is known to be higher among women with malignant breast disease and in patients with depression or anxiety. However, there are few data regarding the prevalence of sexual dysfunction among women with benign breast disease (BBD). Objective: To evaluate the incidence of sexual dysfunction, depression and anxiety among women with BBD, in comparison with that observed for healthy women. Method: We evaluated the incidence of sexual dysfunction in 60 patients with benign breast disease (fibroadenomas, breast cysts, breast pain and phyllodes tumor) and 69 healthy women (control group). Participants completed the Sexual Quotient Questionnaire for Females (SQQ-F), the Beck Depression Inventory and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Statistical analysis revealed that depression and anxiety were comparable between BBD and control groups (10.3 vs. 20.3% and 38.7 vs. 34.3%, respectively, p>0.05). The mean SQQ-F score (65.6±22.7 vs. 70.1±16.8; p>0.05) and sexual dysfunction (33.3 vs. 25.4%; p=0.324) were similar between BBD and control groups. Conclusion: We found no differences between women with BBD and healthy women in terms of the incidence of sexual dysfunction, anxiety and depression. Nevertheless, given the high prevalence of this condition, it is important to assess sexual quality of life, as well as overall quality of life, in women with BBD.

Resumo Introdução: A disfunção sexual é altamente prevalente, afetando 40% da população feminina. A incidência de tal disfunção é conhecida por ser maior entre as mulheres com câncer de mama e pacientes com ansiedade e depressão. No entanto, existem poucos dados sobre a prevalência de disfunção sexual entre mulheres com doença benigna da mama (BBD). Objetivo: Avaliar a incidência de disfunção sexual, depressão e ansiedade em mulheres com BBD, em comparação a mulheres saudáveis. Método: Avaliamos a incidência de disfunção sexual em 60 pacientes com doença benigna da mama (fibroadenomas, cistos mamários, dor mamária e tumor phyllodes) e 69 mulheres saudáveis (grupo controle). As participantes completaram o Questionário de Quociente Sexual para Mulheres (SQQ-F), o Inventário de Depressão de Beck e o Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck. A análise estatística revelou que a depressão e a ansiedade eram comparáveis entre os grupos BBD e controle (10,3 vs. 20,3% e 38,7 vs. 34,3%, respectivamente, p>0,05). O escore médio de SQQ-F (65,6±22,7 vs. 70,1±16,8; p>0,05) e a disfunção sexual (33,3 vs. 25,4%; p=0,324) foram semelhantes entre os grupos BBD e controle. Conclusão: Não encontramos diferenças entre mulheres com BBD e mulheres saudáveis em termos de incidência de disfunção sexual, ansiedade e depressão. No entanto, dada a alta prevalência dessa condição, é importante avaliar a qualidade de vida sexual, bem como a qualidade de vida global, em mulheres com BBD.

Prevalence of mammary alterations in women assisted in a municipality in the state of Paraná / Prevalencia de alteraciones de mama en las mujeres atendidas en una ciudad del estado de Paraná / Prevalência de alterações mamárias em mulheres atendidas em um município do estado do Paraná

The purpose of this quantitative and retrospective study was to analyze the prevalence of mammary alterations from 1304 women in the city of Francisco Beltrão- Paraná (PR), Brazil, registered in theSISMAMA system, froma Regional Health Center in Paraná State. Between 2009 and 2012, data was collected in May and June 2013 and statistically analyzed. The results showed that 694 (53.2%)of women were under 49 years old, 1126 (86.3%) had no increased risk for developing breast cancer, and 1205 (92.5%) underwentmammography screening. Color and tracking information were omitted in most entries. The BI-RADS (r) category 0 (inconclusive result) was the most prominent.Categories with higher chances of malignancy (BI-RADS (r) 4 and 5) prevailed in the left breast in women older than 50. Diagnosis of radial sclerosing lesions associated with infiltrating ductal carcinoma was predominant in 53.0% (n = 9) of the histopathological exams. We conclude that these findings are partially supported by the literature.

Este estudio cuantitativo y retrospectivo tuvo como objetivo analizar la prevalencia de las alteraciones mamarias en 1.304 mujeres del municipio de Francisco Beltrão- Paraná (PR), Brasil, inscrito en el SISMAMA de la Regional de Salud del Estado de Paraná, entre 2009 y 2012, los datos fueron recolectados en mayo y junio de 2013 y se analizaron estadísticamente. Los resultados mostraron que 694 (53,2%) mujeres tenían hasta 49 años 1126 (86,3%) no tenían mayor riesgo para el cáncer de mama, 1205 (92,5%) fueron sometidos a la mamografía de rastreo. La información de color y el seguimiento se omite en la mayoría de las entradas. Predominan la categoría BI-RADS(r) 0 (examen inconcluyente). Categorías con mayores posibilidades de malignidad (BI-RADS(r) 4 y 5) fueron superiores para el seno izquierdo en mujeres mayores de 50 años. Diagnóstico de las lesiones esclerosantes radiales asociados con carcinoma ductal infiltrante fue predominante en 53,0% (n=9) de la histopatología. Llegamos a la conclusión de que estos resultados son parcialmente compatibles con la literatura.

Este estudo quantitativo e retrospectivo teve como objetivo analisar a prevalência de alterações mamárias de 1304 mulheres do município de Francisco Beltrão - Paraná (PR), Brasil, cadastradas no SISMAMA de uma Regional de Saúde do Estado do Paraná, entre 2009 e 2012. Os dados foram coletados em maio e junho de 2013 e analisados estatisticamente. Os resultados apontaram que 694 (53,2%) mulheres tinham idade até 49 anos, 1126 (86,3%) não possuíam risco aumentado para desenvolver câncer de mama, 1205 (92,5%) realizaram mamografia de rastreamento. Cor e seguimento foram informações omitidas na maioria dos cadastros. Predominou a categoria (BI-RADS(r) 0) exame inconclusivo). Categorias com maiores chances de malignidade (BI-RADS(r) 4 e 5) prevaleceram na mama esquerda de mulheres acima de 50 anos. Diagnóstico de lesão esclerosante radial associada ao carcinoma ductalinfiltrante predominou em 53,0% (n=9) dos exames histopatológicos. Conclui-se que estes dados são parcialmente corroborados pela literatura.

Magnitude of breast diseases in OJHA histopathology department

This study evaluates the current status regarding spectrum of breast diseases from the data record of Dow Diagnostic Research and Reference Laboratory [DDRRL], Karachi. Descriptive study. This study was carried out on obtaining Data of various breast diseases was obtained from the histopathology department of Dow Diagnostic Research and Reference Laboratory [DDRRL], OJAH campus located in Karachi from October 2011 till December 2011. Ten months data of 2011 consisted of 829 cases of breast diseases. The diseases were grouped into malignant, benign and inflammatory types. There was no limitation of age and both genders were considered. Cancers other than breast diseases were excluded from the study. Reports of missing information were not analyzed. Normal breast tissue was as well excluded. Analysis revealed 413 as malignant lesions, 322 benign and 80 inflammatory .In malignant tumours invasive ductal carcinoma grade 2 was [23.7%]. Fibroadenoma [28.0%], fibrocystic change [6.1%], benign phylloides [2.4%], lipoma was 1.2% and no record of lactating adenoma was found. Inflammatory lesion breast abscess [4.0%], chronic mastitis [1.7%], granulomatous mastitis [1.7%], duct ectasia [1.3%] and fat necrosis was least diagnosed. Breast diseases trend in the women of Karachi are changing. Malignant breast lesions are presenting at younger age and its occurrence is more than benign and inflammatory lesion altogether in this study

Avaliação clínica, mamográfica e frequência de doenças mamárias em pacientes de um serviço privado de saúde / Clinical and mammographic evaluation and frequency of breast disease in patients of a private health care facility

Introdução: O câncer de mama é a neoplasia maligna de maior incidência na população feminina, apresentando crescimento contínuo na última década. A mamografia de rastreamento é considerada o teste mais sensível para a detecção precoce do câncer de mama, mesmo que dependente do seu padrão de qualidade, o que inclui competência profissional e equipamentos adequados. Objetivos: Avaliar a frequência de doenças mamárias e o rastreio mamográfico utilizado no serviço privado de saúde. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo com corte transversal com 3193 de pacientes que foram atendidas em um serviço privado de Saúde da Mulher, no período de janeiro de 1988 a janeiro de 2010, sendo excluídas as pacientes que não permitiram que seus dados fossem estudados, as que já haviam tratado previamente de um câncer de mama e as pacientes com prontuários incompletos. Resultados: Foram revisados 3076 prontuários, com identificação de 117 pacientes com alterações mamográficas e ou alterações clínicas mamárias. A média de idade das pacientes avaliadas foi de 45,01+13,32 anos. A história familiar de câncer de mama foi identificada por 15,40% das pacientes (n=18) e 27 pacientes (23,1%) relataram tratamento mamário prévio. Verificou-se que a idade foi o fator mais importante no determinismo do câncer de mama (p<0,001; X2=64,68) e que quanto maior o número de mamografias realizadas ao longo da vida, menor a freqüência de diagnóstico de câncer invasor da mama (p<0,05). Conclusões: Concluem os autores que as políticas de saúde devem levar em consideração o rastreio mamográfico como um elemento importante para o diagnóstico precoce do câncer de mama.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm among women. This type of cancer has been continuously growing over the past decade. Screening mammography is considered the most sensitive test for the early detection of breast cancer, although its accuracy depends on quality factors such as professional competence and adequate equipment. Aims: To evaluate the frequency of breast diseases and to investigate the types of breast screening used in a private health care facility. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 3,193 patients seen at a private women’s health care facility between January 1988 and January 2010. We excluded from the study the patients who did not allow the use of their data, as well as those who had been previously treated for breast cancer and the ones whose medical records were incomplete. Results: We reviewed 3,076 medical records. One-hundred and seventeen patients had abnormal mammographic or clinical results. The mean age of the patients was 45.01 + 13.32 years. Family history of breast cancer was reported by 15.40% of patients (n=18), and 27 patients (23.1%) reported previous treatment of breast disease. We found that age was the most important factor for the detection of breast cancer (p<0.001, X2=64.68) and that the greater the number of mammograms performed throughout life, the lower the frequency of a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer (p<0.05). Conclusions: We concluded that the health policies should consider screening mammograms as an important factor that contributes to the early diagnosis of breast câncer.

Frequency of breast cancer among sudanese patients with breast palpable lumps.

Background: Breast cancer mortality is high in Sudan and most patients are detected at later stages of the disease due to the lack of awareness and absence of screening programs. This study aimed to determine the pattern and frequency of breast cancer among patients presenting with palpable breast lumps within one year duration. Settings and Design: As a part of the continuous development in cancer management, this descriptive longitudinal study was conducted in Khartoum, Sudan. Methods and Materials: We obtained information (patient's personal data) and Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA) materials, for occurrence of 200 breast lesions in patients. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed by using a computer SPSS program. Results: The diagnoses of the 200 breast lesions were as follows: 68 (34%) were malignant, 56 cases (28%) were fibroadenoma, 23 cases (11.5%) were fibrocystic change, 22 cases (11%) were inflammatory lesions (including mastitis and abscess formation), 12 cases (6%) were benign cysts and the remaining 19 patients (9.5%) were with lactation changes (8 cases), lipoma (6 cases), gynecomastia (3 cases) and phyllodes tumor (2 cases). Regarding gender, only 6 patients (0.03%) were males of whom 3 (50%) were diagnosed with gynecomastia. Conclusions: The frequency of advanced breast cancer among patients with breast lesions is high, in this subset of patients, which signals the urgency for implementation of breast screening programs.

incidence of malignancy in egyptian women presenting with nipple discharge

Nipple discharge causes a degree of anxiety in women because of fear of breast cancer. Commonly, the absence of palpable or mammographic abnormalities gives a false sense of security, causing delays in diagnosis. Mammography, ultrasound, and cytology are useful only when positive, but have a high rate of false-negative results and do not preclude histological diagnosis. The aim of this study is to detect incidence of malignancy in Egyptian women presenting with nipple discharge and protocol for their management. Forty patients with pathological nipple discharge were included in the study and offered operation. Patients with surgically significant nipple discharge only of 40 years and above are recommended to undergo radical subareolar duct excision [Hadfield's procedure]. Patients below 40 years of age, particularly if intending to breast feed, with persistent discharge are given the option of microdochectomy. All histopathology results were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups - those with red blood cells [RBCs] present in the nipple discharge and those without. Forty consecutive patients underwent operation for isolated nipple discharge during the study period. Median age was 54 years [range, 32-79 years]: Analysis of nipple discharge revealed RBCs in 16 patients [40%]. The remainder, 24[60%], had no RBCs on analysis of nipple discharge. Thirty seven patients [92.5%] underwent radical subareolar duct excision [Hadfield's procedure] and 3 patients [7.5%] microdochectomy. Histopathology revealed all patients with RBCs -positive nipple discharge had benign disease -7 [43.75%] had an intraductal papilloma and 9 [56.25%] had duct ectasia. Most patients with RBCs negative nipple discharge had benign disease - 4 [16.6%] had intraductal papilloma and 18 [75%] duct ectasia while the remaining two [8.33%] had in situ carcinoma. Despite the various tests used in the assessment of pathological nipple discharge, this study highlights their limited help at predicting the cause. This, together with several other studies, demonstrates that ductal surgery remains the only reliable way of providing a diagnosis, in addition to being the ideal therapeutic measure

Spectrum of benign breast diseases

To determine the frequencies of various benign breast diseases [BBD] in female patients in three private hospitals of Hyderabad. This is a prospective cohort study of all female patients visiting the surgical clinic with breast problems. This study was conducted at Isra University Hospital Hyderabad and two other private hospitals of Hyderabad over a period of about three years starting from March 2004 to February 2007. All female patients visiting the surgical clinic with breast problems were included in the study. Patients with obvious clinical features of malignancy or those who on work up were diagnosed as carcinoma were excluded from the study. A total of 275 patients were included in the study. About 44% [120/275] patients belonged to 3[rd] decade of life [age between: 21-30 years] followed by 33% from 4[th] decade [age between: 31 - 40 years]. Fibroadenoma was the most common benign breast disease, seen in 27% [75/275] of patients, followed by fibrocystic disease seen in about 21% [57/275] patients. Benign Breast Diseases [BBD] are common problems in females of reproductive age. Fibroadenoma is the commonest of all benign breast disease in our set up mostly seen in 2[nd] and 3[rd] decade of life. Fibrocystic disease of the breast is the next common BBD whose incidence increases with increasing age

Exame clínico das mamas no Programa de Saúde da Família: experiência no litoral sul do Brasil / Clinical breast exam in the health family program: experience in the south coast of Brazil

Objetivos: Avaliar a prevalência de achados benignos e incidência bruta do câncer de mama napopulação feminina atendida em três postos de saúde associados ao Programa de Saúde da Família(PSF) no município de Xangri-Lá, RS, Brasil. Métodos: A partir de um projeto de extensão daFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, agentes de saúde ligadosao PSF convidaram mulheres com mais de 20 anos de idade a fazerem uma avaliação clínica dasmamas nos postos de saúde do município. Um questionário semi-estruturado foi aplicado e, a partirdas variáveis coletadas e do exame físico, fez-se um banco de dados. Resultados: Foram incluídas728 mulheres atendidas no PSF. As alterações benignas de forma e volume ocorreram em 11,4%, asalterações mamilares em 3,4% e a dor referida como mamária em 7%. A taxa bruta de incidência docâncer de mama foi de 128 por 100 mil mulheres. Conclusões: As alterações mamárias ocorreramem 15% das pacientes, e o câncer de mama pôde ser eficientemente diagnosticado por médico treinadono exame das mamas. Espera-se que, a partir dos resultados deste estudo, mais ações de saúdepossam ser estabelecidas para a prevenção e o controle do câncer de mama na atenção primária.

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of benign findings and breast cancer incidence among the femininepopulation examined in all the three public offices (PO) associated to the Health Family Program(PSF) in Xangri-Lá, RS, Brazil. Methods: Taking part in an extension project from the Medical Schoolof the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, agents from the PSF invited women older than 20 years ofage to perform a breast clinical evaluation in one of the PO. A semi-structured questionnaire was appliedand a database was created to store information from the collected variables and the physical examination.Results: Seven hundred twenty-eigth patients were included. Abnormal breast shape and volume weredetected in 11.4% of cases, nipple abnormalities in 3.4% and referred breast pain in 7.0%. The gross incidencerate of breast cancer was 128 per 100.000 women. Conclusion: Abnormal-benign examinationswere present in 15% of patients and breast cancer was successfully diagnosed by a physician trained inclinical breast examination. We hope that these results could stimulate new programs for prevention andcontrol of breast cancer, applied to primary attention.

Patologia benigna da mama / Mammary benign patology

A patologia benigna da mama é responsável por cerca de 80% das massas palpáveis. Seu diagnóstico diferencial é amplo, envolvendo distúrbios no desenvolvimento, doenças inflamatórias, alterações fobrocísticas, tumores benignos e doença mamária proliferativa, entre outros. O fibroadenoma, tumor benigno da mama, é a neoplasia mamária mais comum em pacientes menores de 35 anos, já os cistos são mais freqüentes na perimenopausa. O diagnóstico diferencial entre nódulos sólidos ou císticos poderá ser feito por meio da punção aspirativa com agulha fina ou pela ultra-sonografia. Nos nódulos císticos a punção por agulha fina além de diagnóstica, é conduta terapêutica. Neste artigo serão revisados aspectos dos diagnósticos diferenciados entre estes tumores, as abordagens terapêuticas e a associação entre tais patologias e câncer de mama.

Situación de la salud mamaria en el mundo y en Latinoamérica en particular

El cáncer de mama es el cáncer más común entre las mujeres en el mundo y es la causa más frecuente de muerte por cáncer en la mujer. Se reportan tasas de incidencia y mortalidad de este cáncer en el continente americano. La práctica clínica, en países con recursos limitados, con relación al cáncer de mama, puede obligar a los médicos a tomar decisiones contrarias a su conocimiento y a lo que indican las guías clínicas internacionales. El desarrollo de los métodos de diagnóstico y de tratamiento alcanzado en los países ricos, no necesariamente se puede trasladar a los países más pobres. En 2002 se creó la Iniciativa Global para la Salud Mamaria, que es una alianza internacional la cual ha desarrollado guías clínicas basadas en evidencia para países con recursos limitados, con el propósito de colaborar en mejorar la calidad de la atención de las enfermedades de la mama. La última revisión de dichas guías fue publicada en 2005 y en octubre del 2007 se realizará una nueva reunión cuyos pasos estarán dirigidos a la implementación programática de éstas en los países con recursos limitados.

Breast tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is the most widespread and persistent human infection in the world. Tuberculosis of the breast is an uncommon disease with an incidence range between 0.1-3%, for all the breast diseases treated surgically. We present a case with primary breast tuberculosis. The diagnosis was made based on result of pathological examination of incision biopsy and cure had been obtained with anti-tuberculosis therapy with 4 drugs. Especially for patients from the areas where tuberculosis is endemic, tuberculosis must be considered in differential diagnosis of breast lesions

Biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina en lesiones mamarias: experiencia institucional / Fine needle aspiration biopsy of breast lesions: institutional experience

Background. With the advent of new diagnostic technologies and the fear of low diagnostic accuracy, there has been a reduction in the use of fine needle aspiration (FNA) for diagnosis of breast lesions. The objectives of the present study were to establish the diagnostic accuracy and complications associated with FNA of breast lesions. Material and methods. We retrospectively reviewed FNA of breast lesions done in a tertiary referral center in Mexico City from 1999 through 2001. We analyzed demographic, radiologic and pathological variables in order to establish diagnostic accuracy of FNA. The gold standard was considered the histopathologic study of the specimen or the clinical follow-up of benign lesions. Categorical variables were analyzed with the method and statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05. Results. We identified 300 patients with a mean age of 50 years (range, 20-86). Fifty-three percent were postmenopausal. In ninety-three percent of patients, FNA was performed in the outpatient clinic. Nonpalpable lesions were aspirated under ultrasound guidance. Mean size of the lesion was 2.27 cm (range 0.7-10 cm). Thirty-one percent of patients had definite diagnosis of malignancy. The only variables associated with cancer diagnosis were the BTRADS category and the presence of palpable adenopathy. Cancer was diagnosed in 6.5% of lesions categorized as BTRADS 0-3 compared to 56.2% for lesions BTRADS 4-5 (p < 0.0001). Positive predictive value and specificity of FNA were 100%. Sensitivity, negative predictive value and accuracy were 82.6%, 92.8% and 94.7%, respectively. The most common diagnosis of false negative lesions were lobular and papillary carcinomas. There were no significant complications associated with FNA. Conclusions. Diagnostic accuracy of FNA for breast lesions is very high with minimal complications. Positive predictive value of 100% allows to establish therapy based on its results.

Antecedentes. El advenimiento de nuevas tecnologías diagnósticas, así como el temor a baja exactitud diagnóstica, han reducido el papel de la biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina (BAAF) en lesiones mamarias. El objetivo del presente estudio fue el establecer la exactitud diagnóstica y complicaciones de la BAAF en esta indicación. Material y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo de BAAF de lesiones mamarias realizadas en nuestra institución de 1999 a 2001. Se analizaron variables demográficas, radiológicas e histopatológicas para establecer la exactitud diagnóstica. Se definió como estándar diagnóstico al análisis histopatológico del tejido o bien al seguimiento clínico en caso de lesiones benignas dejadas para observación. Las variables categóricas se analizaron con la prueba de . Se estableció como significativa a una p < 0.05. Resultados. Fueron identificados 300 pacientes con una edad promedio de 50 años (20-86). Fueron posmenopáusicas 53.3%. En 93.3% de los casos se realizó BAAF de lesión clínicamente palpable y en el resto de una lesión visible por ultrasonido. El tamaño promedio de la lesión fue de 2.27 cm (0.7-10 cm). De las pacientes, 30.7% tuvieron diagnóstico definitivo de lesión maligna. Las únicas variables asociadas al diagnóstico de cáncer fueron la clasificación radiológica de BI-RADS y la presencia de adenomegalias palpables. La incidencia de cáncer en pacientes con BI-RADS de 0 a 3 fue de 6.5% vs. 56.2% en aquellas con BI-RADS 4 o 5 (p < 0.0001). Tanto el valor predictivo positivo como la especificidad de la BAAF fueron de 100%, con una sensibilidad de 82.6% y valor predictivo negativo de 92.8%, para una exactitud diagnóstica de 94.7%. Las causas más frecuentes de falsos negativos fueron el carcinoma lobulillar infiltrante y el carcinoma papilar. No se presentaron complicaciones significativas en ningún caso asociadas con la BAAF. Conclusiones. La exactitud diagnóstica de la BAAF en lesiones mamarias es muy elevada, con una incidencia mínima de complicaciones. Un valor predictivo positivo de 100% permite basar la terapéutica en sus resultados. El diagnóstico de benignidad por BAAF permite el seguimiento seguro de lesiones mamarias.

Hamartoma de la mama / Breast hamartoma

El hamartoma de la mama o fibroadenolipoma de la mama es una lesión nodular que puede simular un fibroadenoma o un tumor phyllodes. Aparece en las mujeres en la edad media de la vida y se presenta clínicamente como un nódulo bien definido e indoloro. El diagnóstico imagenológico es el que hace pensar en éste, ya que es un tumor poco frecuente. Histológicamente cumple los requisitos generales de un hamartoma: mezcla desordenada de tejidos maduros y especializados. En la mama se puede apreciar estructura ductal y lobulillar con estroma fibroso, tejido adiposo y en ocasiones, tejido muscular liso. En este trabajo se presenta un caso de una paciente de 40 años con un hamartoma de la mama derecha que histológicamente mostraba además, tejido óseo y cartilaginoso(AU)

Breast hamartoma or breast fibroadenolipoma is a nodular lesion that may resemble a fibroadenoma or phyllodes tumor. It appears in middle-aged women and it clinically presents as a well defined and painless nodule. The imaging diagnosis makes to think about it, since it is an uncommon tumor. From the histological point of view, it fulfills the general requirements of a hamartoma: disarranged combination of mature and specialized tissues. Ductal and lobular structure with fibrous stroma, fat tissue and, on occasions, smooth muscular tissue, may be observed in the breast. A case of a 40-year-old female patient with a hamartoma of the right mamma that histologically showed osteal and cartilaginous tissue is reported(AU)

Breast lesions in young females--a 20-year study for significance of early recognition.

The aim of this case series is to evaluate the pattern of breast lumps in males and females with special reference to spectrum of lesions in females below 40 years of age. A 20 years retrospective study was undertaken from the records of the department of Pathology, Bhopal. The lesions were classified into benign and malignant. In young females histological pattern was analyzed in various age groups. A total of 1824 cases were studied. 1724 (94.5%) cases were seen in females and 100 (5.5%) in males. There were 1276 (74%) females below 40 years of age and 448 (26%) were above 40 years of age. In young females 1136 (89%) lesions were benign and 140 (11%) were malignant lumps. Fibrocystic disease in 60 (49%) cases constituted the largest group of benign lumps followed by 30 (24.5%) cases of inflammatory lesion in older females. The mean age of malignant tumors was 34.1 in young females and 51.4 in females above 40. Infiltrating duct carcinoma constituted 83.5% of malignant tumors in young females and 86.1% in older females.

Candida spp. occurrence in oral cavities of breastfeeding infants and in their mothers' mouths and breasts

This study aimed to determine the occurrence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of predominantly breastfed infants and in their mothers' mouths and breasts, as well as in the oral cavity of bottlefed infants and in non-lactating women. One hundred and sixty nine women and eighty-five milk-fed infants took part in this study and were divided into four groups: 1) infants predominantly on breastfeeding (n = 55) and their mothers (n = 55); 2) infants on bottlefeeding (n = 30); 3) non-lactating women on whom oral collections were performed (n = 80) and, 4) non-lactating women on whom breast collections were performed (n = 34). Oral and mammary swabs were cultured on Sabouraud agar dextrose with chloramphenicol. The Candida yeast strains found were isolated and identified through morphological and biochemical tests. Candida species were much less frequent in infants who were predominantly breastfed than in those who were bottlefed. Yeasts were much more frequent on the breasts of lactating women, with statistical difference in relation to the control group

Benign breast lesions in prepubertal female children--a study of 20 years.

A clinicopathological study of benign breast lesions in prepubertal female children was done retrospectively for 20 years. Thirty-seven cases of benign breast lesions like fibroadenoma in 22 (59.5%) cases, juvenile fibroadenoma in 9 (24.2%) cases, virginal hypertrophy in 3 (8.1 %) cases, cystosarcoma phylloides, duct papilloma and tuberculosis of the breast in one (2.7%) case each were seen. The majority of the cases of breast lesions were from urban area ie, 34 (91 .9%) cases. The commonest age of occurrence of benign breast lesion was observed between 7.5 and 11.5 years. In 2 (5.4%) cases bilateral virginal hypertrophy was seen. The aim of presenting this paper is to study the occurrence of breast lesions in prepubertal age especially before menarche. In rare case even the possibility of malignancy has to be ruled out.

Patologias benignas da mama / Benign breast diseases

As duas lesões benignas predominantes na literatura são os fibroadenomas e as alterações fibrocísticas. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência destes tumores na área de abrangência do Intituto de Patologia, em Passo Fundo e regiões vizinhas, considerando localização, idade e frequência em uma análise dos últimos 10 anos. Os autores concluem que as doenças benignas da mama merecem atenção especial por sua alta prevallência, seu impacto na qualidade de vida do paciente e, para alguns tipos histológicos, seu potencial de malignização. Além disso, o diagnóstico clínico, radiológico e ecográfico desses tumores pode simular uma neoplasia maligna de mama

El uso de la mamografía en mujeres de 70 años y mayores / The use of the mammography in women at 70 years old and major

Se estudian dos series de pacientes, una de 559 con carcinoma de mama y otras de 644 con patología mamaria benigna, para analizar el uso de la mamografía en las pacientes de 70 años o mayores. Las enfermas fueron clasificadas en tres grupos de acuerdo a la edad: 30-49 años, 50-69 años y 70 o más años. Las mamografías con lesiones no palpable de carcinoma de mama constituyeron el 4,5 por ciento del total de carcinomas en el grupo etario de 70 años o más.

Spectrum of breast disease in young females: a retrospective study of 1315 patients.

A total of 1315 breast lesions seen in women up to 40 years of age were registered in the files of Pathology Department. Out of these 807 were benign and 508 malignant lesions. Breast carcinoma was very rare up to second decade of life but its incidence progressively increased with age. Among benign tumours fibroadenomas were the commonest tumours. This study shows a higher incidence of inflammatory diseases and malignant tumours in young females as compared to the reports from the West.

Afecciones Mamarias. Su comportamiento en nuestro medio / Breast lesions. Their behaviour in our environment

Se realiza un estudio descriptivo y con carácter prospectivo sobre la morbilidad por enfermedades mamarias. Se toma como universo las mujeres del Policlínico Comunitario "René Vallejo" de Bayamo. Se basó en un muestreo combinado a 21 consultorios de dicha área, contando con la colaboración de los correspondientes médicos de la familia en el período comprendido entre el 8 de marzo de 1987 y el 8 de marzo de 1988. Se examinaron un total de 2 547 mujeres con el objetivo de investigar edad, factores de riesgo, sintomatologías, localización, así como relación entre el dolor y la presencia de displasia de mama y el comportamiento biológico de los tumores detectados. Nuestros resultados señalan una morbilidad del 56,1 por ciento, una incidencia superior en las mujeres mayores de 40 años y menores de 20. Resultó sobresaliente la mastalgia derecha y la afectación del cuadrante superior externo. Se utilizaron porcentajes y análisis de comparación por medio de estadígrafo Chi Cuadrado