Pyosalpinx and hydrosalpinx in virginal adolescents: report of two cases / Piosálpinx e hidrosálpinx en adolescentes vírgenes: reporte de dos casos

Pyosalpinx and hydrosalpinx are conditions mainly seen in adult women, but also among sexually active adolescents and can bring added hazard to fertility. However, these conditions are very rare in childhood, as well as in adolescent girls who are not sexually active. We are presenting two rare cases of young girls in early puberty with hydrosalpinx and pyosalpinx. Both girls had a history of abdominopelvic surgery in childhood for congenital bowel anomalies and fecal incontinence. Such cases are good reminders that girls with known abdominopelvic anomalies and surgical procedures in childhood need long term followup, in particular when entering puberty and maturation. The two cases show how fallopian tubes can be indirectly affected and present in adolescence with serious problems needing surgical procedures and potentially threatening future reproductive system performances.

El piosálpinx y el hidrosálpinx son condiciones vistas principalmente en mujeres adultas, pero también entre las adolescentes sexualmente activas, y pueden acarrear riesgos a la fertilidad. Sin embargo, estas condiciones son muy raras en la infancia, así como en las niñas adolescentes que no están sexualmente activas. Presentamos dos casos raros de jovencitas en la pubertad temprana con hidrosálpinx y piosálpinx. Ambas adolescentes tenían antecedentes de cirugía abdominopélvica en la infancia a causa de anomalías congénitas del intestino e incontinencia fecal. Tales casos son buenos recordatorios de que las muchachas con anomalías y procedimientos quirúrgicos abdominopélvicos en la niñez, necesitan seguimiento a largo plazo, en particular al entrar en la pubertad y la madurez. Los dos casos muestran cómo las trompas de Falopio pueden ser indirectamente afectadas, y presentarse en la adolescencia con graves problemas que necesitan procedimientos quirúrgicos y operaciones que constituyen una amenaza potencial al sistema reproductor.

Various hysterosalpingography findings of female genital tuberculosis: a case series

Genital tuberculosis is a chorionic disease and mostly occurs by haematogenous spread from extra genital source like lungs, peritoneum, lymph nodes and bones. Transmission through a sexual intercourse is also possible. Since the majority of patients are in reproductive ages, involvement of fallopian tubes and endometrium cause infertility in patients. Reviewing 4 cases of female genital tuberculosis, which referred to an infertility treatment center with various symptoms, we encountered various appearances on hysterosalpingography [HSG]. The genitourinary tract is the most common site of extra pulmonary TB. The primary focus of genital tuberculosis is fallopian tubes, which are almost always affected bilaterally but not symmetrically. Because of common involvement of fallopian tubes and endometrial cavity, disease causes infertility. Diagnosis is not easy because genital tuberculosis has a wide range of clinical and radiological manifestations with slow growing symptoms. Detailed hysterosalpingography finding may be helpful in better diagnosis of the disease. This case series aims to depict the various hystrosalpingographic appearances and pathology produced by tuberculosis and related literatures are reviewed in order to establish a better diagnostic evaluation of genital tuberculosis

Hysterosalpingographic accuracy of peritubal adhesion.

The purpose of this study was to determine diagnostic accuracy of hysterosalpingography by using different diagnostic criteria in peritubal adhesion diagnosis. The authors retrospectively reviewed cases in which both hysterosalpingography and laparoscopy were performed. Fifty-nine of 84 cases had laparoscopy proved peritubal adhesion. Five hysterosalpingographic signs (convoluted tube, vertical tube, ampullary dilatation, peritubal halo and loculation of the spillage of contrast material) defined by Karasick and Goldfarb were used to diagnose peritubal adhesion. All cases were analyzed by two different diagnostic criteria: first diagnostic criterion, presence of one or more signs means abnormal; second diagnostic criterion, presence of two or more signs means abnormal. Peritubal adhesion was diagnosed in 70 of 84 cases by using the first diagnostic criterion, 53 of 84 cases by using the second diagnostic criterion. The first diagnostic criterion displayed 94.9 per cent sensitivity, 44 per cent specificity, 80 per cent positive predictive value, 79.76 per cent accuracy and the likelihood ratio of 1.69. The second diagnostic criterion showed 74.6 per cent sensitivity, 64 per cent specificity, 83 per cent positive predictive value, 71.43 per cent accuracy and the likelihood ratio of 2.07. The authors conclude that using the 2nd diagnostic criterion is more appropriate than using the 1st diagnostic criterion in diagnosing peritubal adhesion.

Apport de l'echographie endovaginale en gynecologie obstetrique

Echography imposes itself as a reliable, harmless and repectitive technique in the exploration of female pelvis. Endovaginal echography is a new technique that should be used complementarily with classical over the pubis echography. Authors insist on the contribution of endovaginal echography: In gynecology in the diagnosis of extra utrine pregnancies. itI completes the echography of over the pubis in the study of uterine and ovarian pathology - In obstetrics in the precocions diagnosis of the pregnancy and the study of low-inserted placentas And in interventional echography in the embryonary reduction and the punction of ovocys in the techniques of procreation that are medically aided