Tumores ováricos en niñas y adolescentes / Ovarían masses in infant-juvenile age

Introducción. El tratamiento quirúrgico adecuado para las pacientes pediátricas con lesiones ováricas es heterogéneo, y en las niñas es conveniente conservar los ovarios. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los hallazgos relacionados con un grupo de pacientes a las que se operó por lesiones ováricas. Pacientes y métodos. Un estudio retrospectivo realizado durante 13 años con 56 pacientes menores de 17 años. Estas pacientes se dividieron en 3 grupos según el diagnóstico de patología ovárica: 25 tenían lesiones funcionales (quistes y torsión), 18 tenían lesiones ováricas epiteliales y 13 tenían tumores germinales. Se comparó a estos tres grupos en términos de menarquia, torsión, edad, duración, tamaño, dolor, tumor, vómitos, menstruación irregular, ubicación y tipo de operación. Resultados. Enestosgrupos,fueronmásfrecuentes los quistes foliculares, los cistoadenomas serosos y los teratomas. La media de edad de las pacientes fue de 12,18 ± 4,84 años. Los síntomas y signos más frecuentes fueron dolor (85,7%) e hinchazón (37,5%) en la región abdominopélvica. Se observó torsión en 21 pacientes (37,5%); la media del tamaño del tumor fue de 10,46 ± 6,55 cm. Se realizó una salpingoovariectomía (SO, por sus siglas en inglés) en 38 pacientes y una resección del quiste (CE, por sus siglas en inglés) en 18 pacientes. Se observaron más casos de torsión en las pacientes premenárquicas que en las menárquicas y en el grupo de lesiones funcionales. Se realizaron más resecciones quirúrgicas en el grupo de lesiones funcionales, y más SO en los grupos de lesiones epiteliales y tumores germinales. Conclusión. Se considera que la torsión y las patologías ováricas funcionales son frecuentes en la edad premenstrual, y las lesiones malignas son muy raras en todos los grupos etarios, por lo que se recomienda preservar la fertilidad en la cirugía.

Introduction. The appropraite surgical treatment to pediatric patients with ovarian lesions are heterogeneous and ovarian preservation is desirable in children. The aim of this study is to the discuss findings related to a set of patients who were operated on for ovarian lesions. Patients and methods. A retrospective study carried out in 13 years on 56 patients under the age of 17. These patients were divided into 3 groups according to ovarian pathologic diagnosis: 25 with functional (cyts and torsion), 18 with epithelial ovarian lesions and 13 with germ cell tumours. These three groups were compared in terms of menarche, torsion, age, duration, size, pain, mass, vomiting, irregular menstruation, location and operation type. Results. Follicle cysts, serous cyst adenomas and teratomas were the most common in these groups. The mean age of the patients was 12.18+4.84 years. The most common symptoms and signs were abdominal-pelvic pain (85.7%) and swelling(37.5%). Torsion was seen in 21 patients (37.5%), mean mass size was found to be 10.46+6.55 cm. A salpingo-oophorectomy (SO) was performed in 38 patients and cyst excision (CE) was performed in 18 patients. In premenarcheal cases, torsion was seen more in menarcheal cases and in the functional lesion group. CE was performed more often in the functional and t SO was performed often in the epithelial and germ cells groups. Conclusion. Torsion and functional ovarian pathologies are thought to be common in premenstrual ages and malign lesions are very rare in all age groups so we recommend ovarian protective surgery should be preferred.

Torsión de tumor ovárico en paciente premenopáusica / Torsion of ovarian tumor in premenopausal patient

La torsión de un tumor ovárico constituye una urgencia ginecológica infrecuente. Es causada por la rotación del órgano afectado sobre su pedículo, lo que restringe su vascularización. Una intervención oportuna evita sus complicaciones. No es frecuente su aparición en tumores de ovario mayores de 15 cm. Se trata de una paciente premenopáusica de 47 años de edad que acude a la sala de emergencia del Centro de Diagnóstico Integral María Eugenia González por presentar dolor en mesogastrio e hipogastrio de elevada intensidad acompañada de vómitos. En el examen físico se constató una marcada distención del abdomen por tumor palpable con límite superior a nivel umbilical. Los estudios de imagen mostraron torsión de tumor quístico de ovario de 32 X 22 cm. Se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico: ooforectomía derecha complementado con apendicectomía profiláctica por invaginación(AU)

Torsion of an ovarian tumor is a rare gynecological emergency. It is caused by rotation of the affected organ on its pedicle, which restricts vascularization. Timely surgery avoids complications. It is rare in over 15mm ovarian tumors. This is a 47 years-old premenopausal patient who went to the emergency service of Maria Eugenia Gonzales comprehensive diagnosis center because she presented with acute pain in the mesogastrium and hypogastrium and vomiting. The physical examination revealed sizeable distention of her abdomen due to palpable tumor with upper limit at umbilical level. Scanning tests showed torsion of 32 x 22cm cystic ovarian tumor. She was operated on by using right oophorectomy supplemented with prophylactic appendicectomy through invagination(AU)

Minimally invasive approach of tubo-ovarian abscesses / Tratamento minimamente invasivo dos abcessos tubo-ováricos

PURPOSE: To evaluate the treatment outcome of tubo-ovarian abscesses managed by transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration. METHODS: Descriptive analysis of all patients with tubo-ovarian abscesses treated with a minimally invasive procedure, ultrasound-guided drainage, at the Department of Gynecology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, during a period of 5 years (from June 2009 to June 2014). RESULTS: Twenty-six cases were included in the study. The mean age of the study group was 42.8 years. All patients were submitted to transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration and sclerosis with iodated solution, as well as received broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics. The mean time from admission to drainage was 2.5 days. Cultures for aerobic and anaerobic pathogens were positive in 14 of the 26 cases. A complete response was noted in 23 of the 26 cases. No complications or morbidity were noted as a consequence of the drainage procedures. CONCLUSION: Minimally invasive treatment of tubo-ovarian abscesses by transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage is an effective and safe approach. .

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados da aspiração transvaginal ecoguiada no tratamento dos abcessos tubo-ováricos. MÉTODOS: Análise descritiva de todas as pacientes com diagnóstico de abcesso tubo-ovárico tratadas com um procedimento minimamente invasivo, drenagem ecoguiada, no Serviço de Ginecologia do Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, durante um período de 5 anos (junho de 2009 a junho de 2014). RESULTADOS: Vinte e seis casos foram incluídos neste estudo, com média de idade de 42,8 anos. Todas as pacientes foram submetidas a punção aspirativa transvaginal ecoguiada e esclerose com solução iodada, associada a antibioterapia endovenosa de largo espectro de ação. O tempo médio desde a admissão até o procedimento de drenagem foi de 2,5 dias. Os exames culturais para micro-organismos aeróbicos e anaeróbicos foram positivos em 14/26 casos. Resposta completa com o tratamento instituído ocorreu em 23 dos 26 casos. Não houve registro de complicações ou morbilidade com os procedimentos de drenagem realizados. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento minimamente invasivo dos abcessos tubo-ováricos, com drenagem transvaginal ecoguiada, constitui uma abordagem terapêutica eficaz e segura. .

Fatores preditores de recorrência do endometrioma ovariano após tratamento laparoscópico / Predictive factors for recurrence of ovarian endometrioma after laparoscopic excision

OBJETIVO: Analisar os fatores que possam influenciar na recorrência do endometrioma ovariano após tratamento videolaparoscópico. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo. Foram avaliadas 129 pacientes submetidas à videolaparoscopia, entre 2003 e 2012, para tratamento de endometrioma ovariano, com seguimento pós-operatório mínimo de 2 anos. Foi realizada ultrassonografia transvaginal para excluir persistência da lesão e identificação de recidiva. Para comparação de variáveis contínuas foi utilizado o teste t de Student, e para o teste de homogeneidade entre as proporções, o teste do χ2 ou exato de Fisher (para frequências menores do que cinco). Para a obtenção de fatores prognósticos ligados à recidiva foi aplicado o modelo de regressão linear multivariado. O nível de significância utilizado para a análise foi de 5%. RESULTADOS: A taxa de recorrência foi de 18.6%. O tamanho do endometrioma, a modalidade cirúrgica empregada e os dados demográficos como idade, índice de massa corpórea, presença de sintomas, tabagismo e prática de exercícios físicos não se associaram ao aumento da recorrência. Foi observado que a interrupção do tratamento clínico pós-operatório apresentou risco significativo para aumento da recorrência (OR 23,7; IC95% 5,26-107,05; p=0,001). CONCLUSÃO: O uso contínuo de contracepção oral parece reduzir dramaticamente a taxa de recidiva de endometrioma ovariano. Neste estudo, a interrupção do tratamento foi o fator associado com maior taxa de recidiva da lesão após o tratamento videolaparoscópico. .

PURPOSE: To analyze the factors that might influence the recurrence of ovarian endometriomas after laparoscopic excision. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study. We evaluated 129 patients who underwent laparoscopic excision of ovarian endometriomas from 2003 to 2012 and who were followed up for at least two years after surgery. Vaginal ultrasound was repeated to exclude persistent lesion and to identify recurrence. The Student's t-test was used to compare continuous variables and the χ2 or Fischer exact test (for values of less than five) was used to test homogeneity between proportions. A logistic regression model for multivariate proportional hazards was used to analyze predictors of long-term outcome. The level of significance was set at 5% in all analyses. RESULTS: The overall rate of ovarian endometrioma recurrence was 18.6%. Endometrioma diameter, surgical procedure techniques and demographic data such as age, presenting symptoms, body mass index, smoking and physical exercise habits were not associated with recurrence, whereas interruption of postoperative medical treatment was significantly correlated with a higher recurrence rate (OR 23.7; 95%CI 5.26-107.05; p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Current oral contraceptive use appears to be associated with a dramatic reduction in the risk of recurrence of ovarian endometriotic cysts. Treatment interruption was associated with a higher recurrence rate of ovarian endometrioma after laparoscopic treatment. .

Torsión de ovario / Ovarian torsion

Se presenta el caso de una paciente atendida en el Cuerpo de Guardia del Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico 10 de Octubre por presentar intenso dolor en hipogastrio, náuseas y vómitos. Al examen físico se encontró un tumor palpable en la fosa iliaca derecha. Se le realizó estudio ultrasonográfico donde se describe una masa compleja a predominio sólido en la proyección del anejo derecho y la impresión diagnóstica fue la de un tumor del ovario derecho torcido. Se realiza estudio laparoscópico que confirma el diagnóstico, por lo que la paciente fue intervenida quirúrgicamente. En el informe operatorio se describe un tumor de ovario torcido y el reporte anatomopatológico concluye: necrosis hemorrágica del ovario derecho. En la literatura se recomienda estudiar esta entidad tempranamente con US Doppler color y si el ovario es viable realizar cirugía conservadora para preservar la función ovárica, de preferencia por cirugía endoscópica

This is the case of a patient seen in the Emergency Room of the "10 de Octubre" Clinical Surgical Hospital due to hypogastric intense pain, nauseas and vomiting. At physical examination it was possible to find a palpable tumor in the right iliac fossa. A ultrasonography study was conducted describing a complex mass with solid predominance in the right adnexa and the diagnostic impression was of a twisted right ovarian tumor. A laparoscopy study was onset confirming the diagnosis, thus, the patient was operated on. In the operative report it is described a twisted ovarian tumor and the anatomic-pahthological report concludes: a hemorrhagic of right ovary. In literature it is recommended to study early this entity using color Doppler US and if the ovary is viable to perform a conservative surgery to preserve the ovarian function, preferable by endoscopic surgery

Recidivas de endometriomas ováricos tras cirugía laparoscópica / Ovarian endometrioma: recurrence after laparoscopic surgery

Objetivo: Analizar las variables que influyen en la recurrencia tras la extirpación laparoscópica de endometriomas ováricos. Métodos: Se estudiaron retrospectivamente 214 pacientes, intervenidas por laparoscopia entre los años 2005 y 2006 en el Hospital La Paz y seguidas por 5 años. Como criterios de recurrencia se consideraron: dolor, hallazgo ecográfico y elevación de Ca 125. Resultados: El 30,8 por ciento (66/214) presentaron recurrencia del dolor, el 28 por ciento (60/214) recidiva ecográfica y el 16,8 por ciento (36/214) Ca 125 elevado. Las pacientes con recidiva sintomática presentaron mayor dismenorrea y dispareunia previas a la cirugía (6,8 +/- 2,5 y 1,3 +/- 2,5 frente a 3,8 +/- 3,4 y 0,2 +/- 1,0 en las no recurrencias (p=0,0001; p=0,0001). La puntuación de dis-menorrea y dispareunia previas también fue superior en recidiva ecográfica (5,9 +/- 3,3 y 1,2 +/- 2,5 frente a 4,3 +/- 3,4 y 0,2 +/- 1,1 en ausencia de recidiva) (p=0,003; p=0,002). La recurrencia de dismenorrea fue mayor en jóvenes (31,3 +/- 5,4 años versus 34,3 +/- 7,8; p=0,02), con quistectomía (35 por ciento versus 16,7 por ciento en anexectomía; p=0,02) y adherensiolisis (46,4 por ciento versus 23,4 por ciento; p=0,001) y con tratamiento médico posquirúrgico (41,5 por ciento frente 22,5 por ciento; p=0,004). El tiempo medio de no recurrencia sintomática fue 44 meses (IC95 por ciento: 41-47) y el de no recidiva ecográfica de 47 meses (IC95 por ciento:45-50). Conclusión: El grado de dismenorrea y dispareunia previas a la cirugía fue el factor más claramente asociado a la recidiva.

Objective: To analyze the variables influencing recurrence after laparoscopic excision of ovarian endome-trioma. Methods: We retrospectively studied 214 cases who underwent laparoscopic surgery between 2005 and 2006 in the Hospital La Paz and followed for 5 years. As recurrence criteria were considered: pain, ultrasound finding and Ca125 elevation. Results: 30.8 percent (66/214) of patients presented pain recurrence, 28 percent (60/214) ultrasound recurrence and 16.8 percent (36/214) Ca 125 elevation. Patients with symptomatic recurrence had a bigger degree of dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia before surgery (6.8 +/- 2.5 and 1.3 +/- 2.5 against 3.8 +/- 3.4 and 0.2 +/- 1.0 in no recurrence ones (p=0.0001; p=0.0001). Previous dysmenorrheal and dyspareunia punctuation was also greater in ultrasound recurrences (5.9 +/- 3.3 and 1.2 +/- 2.5 against 4.3 +/- 3.4 and 0.2 +/- 1.1 of those with no recurrence) (p=0.003; p=0.002). Dysmenorrhea recurrence was greater in young (31.3 +/- 5.4 years old versus 34.3 +/- 7.8; p=0.02), with cystectomy (35 percent versus 16.7 percent in adnexectomy; p=0.02), adhesiolysis (46.4 percent versus 23.4 percent; p=0.001) and with medical treatment after surgery (41.5 percent against 22.5 percent; p=0.004). The mean time of no symptomatic recurrence was 44 months (CI95 percent:41-47) and the no ultrasound recurrence was 47 months (CI95 percent:45-50). Conclusion: The degree of dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia before surgery was the factor most clearly associated with recurrence.

Edema maciço de ovário / Massive ovarian edema

O edema maciço de ovário é uma condição benigna rara caracterizada pelo aumento tumoral símile do ovário comprometido. As doenças ovarianas de importância cirúrgica da infância não são frequentes e podem ser divididas em lesões neoplásicas, em cistos não neoplásicos e em alterações inflamatórias. Os autores descrevem um caso de edema maciço de ovário em uma paciente de treze anos que referia dor abdominal associada a uma lesão sólido-cística do ovário direito, avaliada como neoplasia pela ultrassonografia. Ao exame macroscópico, o ovário era bocelado e estava aumentado de volume, medindo 9,5×6,0×5,0 cm e apresentando uma lesão sólida com áreas císticas à superfície de corte. O aspecto microscópico fundamental desse processo era a presença de edema acentuado e difuso do estroma, envolvendo folículos, e associado a uma camada cortical com espessamento fibroso superficial. O conhecimento dessa entidade é fundamental para auxiliar no diagnóstico durante a avaliação ultrassonográfica de tumores ovarianos e prevenir tratamentos incorretos.

Massive ovarian edema is a rare benign condition characterized by similar tumor growth of the affected ovary. The ovarian disorders of surgical importance of childhood are not frequent and can be divided into neoplastic lesions, non-neoplastic cysts, and inflammatory alterations. Here the authors describe the case of a massive ovarian edema in a 13-year-old female patient who reported abdominal pain associated with a solid-cystic lesion of the right ovary evaluated as a neoplasm by ultrasonography. The macroscopic examination showed ovary with increased volume, measuring 9.5×6.0×5.0 cm, and presenting a solid lesion with cystic areas at the cutting surface. The key microscopic feature of this process was the presence of pronounced diffuse edema of the stroma, involving follicles and associated with a cortical layer with superficial fibrous thickening. Knowledge of this entity is key in aiding the diagnosis during the ultrasonographic evaluation of ovarian tumors and preventing improper treatments.

Avaliação dos níveis basais de FSH em pacientes inférteis com endometriose profunda de ovário tratadas cirurgicamente / Evaluation of basal FSH serum levels in infertile patients with deep ovarian endometriosis who underwent surgery

OBJETIVO: avaliar a reserva ovariana de pacientes inférteis portadoras de endometriose profunda de ovário, submetidas à cirurgia excisional dos endometriomas, atendidas entre os meses de Fevereiro e Novembro de 2008. MÉTODOS: estudo prospectivo que incluiu 30 pacientes portadoras de endometriose graus III e IV com comprometimento profundo de ovário submetidas à cirurgia excisional dos endometriomas e 30 pacientes portadoras de endometriose graus I e II que foram alocadas como Grupo Controle. A reserva ovariana foi avaliada indiretamente a partir do valor do hormônio folículo estimulante (FSH) basal (U/L), entre o terceiro e quinto dias do ciclo, após um período de 12 meses da cirurgia. O índice de massa corpórea (IMC) foi calculado conforme a fórmula de Quetelet [peso (kg)/estatura (cm²)]. Para a comparação das variáveis "idade", "IMC" e "valores de FSH basal" entre os grupos, foi utilizado o teste não paramétrico U de Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: não foi encontrada diferença significativa entre os grupos em relação à idade e ao IMC. Em relação ao FSH basal, observou-se que, no grupo das pacientes com endometriose profunda, o valor médio foi de 7,0 U/L, enquanto que, no Grupo Controle, foi de 5,6 U/L (p=0,3), o que demonstra que a diferença no valor médio de FSH encontrado nos dois grupos não foi significativa. CONCLUSÕES: a cirurgia não influenciou de forma deletéria a reserva ovariana das pacientes com endometriose profunda de ovário.

PURPOSE: to evaluate the ovarian reserve of infertile patients with severe ovarian endrometriosis, submitted to excisional surgery of endometriomas and attended from February to November, 2008. METHODS: prospective study, including 30 patients with endometriosis grades III and IV, with severe ovarian impairment, submitted to excisional surgery of the endometriomas, and 30 patients with endometriosis grades I and II, allocated as a Control Group. The ovarian reserve was indirectly assessed, through the basal (U/L) follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), between the third and fifth days of the cycle, 12 months after the surgery. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated according to Quetelet's formula [weight (kg)/height(cm²)]. The Mann-Whitney non-parametric U test was used to compare the variables "age", "BMI" and "basal SFH" between the groups. RESULTS: there was no significant difference between the groups about age and BMI. Concerning basal FSH, in the group of patients with severe endometriosis, the average value was 7.0 U/L, while in the Control Group, it was 5.6 U/L (p=0.3), what demonstrates that the difference between the two groups was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: the surgery did not affect the ovarian reserve of patients with severe ovarian endometriosis.

Untwisting and fixation of ovarian torsion in early pregnancy

Adnexal torsion is a common gynecological emergency with an incidence of around 2-3%. Torsion may present as acute or chronic lower abdominal pain, which can be intermittent or constant. Risks of prolonged torsion include atrophy, necrosis, loss of ovarian functions and even premature menopause. [2] Traditionally, adnexal torsion has been treated in a radical manner without prior detorsion, due to fear of embolus migration from the twisted pedicle[3]. As there 1909, ovrian conservation was proposed to avoid castration in young women[4]. The concern of miscarriage due to removal of corpus luteum in early pregnancy encourages conservative surgery for ovarian torsion during pregnancy. We report two cases of ovarian torsion happened in the first trimester of pregnancy which successfully treated by untwisting and fixation of the affected adnexa

comparison of pelvic examination, pelvic ultrasound and operative findings in ovarian masses

To compare and correlate the pelvic examination in adnexal masses with pelvic ultrasound and peroperative findings. June 2006 to May 2007. Descriptive observational study. A sample set of 22 patients with adnexal masses have been included in the study to do a comparative study of the pelvic examination with pelvic ultrasound and peroperative findings. Our analysis show a wide range of diversity among the age groups of our sample set. The majority of the patients [81.8%] belong to the reproductive age group between 20-40 years and only 13% of patients are menopausal. Another important observation is that 87% of all patients visited out patient department with subacute symptoms and remaining 13% presented with acute symptoms in the Emergency Department. Moreover, 54.54% have right-sided adnexal masses and the remaining 45.45% have left-sided adnexal masses. We have seen only in the 9% of cases that the operative findings are different from that of the ultrasound examination. The final outcome of our research is that the ultrasound examination - an important noninvasive investigation - can only be used as a complementary method to the pelvic examination because the findings can be accurately confirmed only on laparoscopy

An unusual presentation of actinomycosis in a young woman, after surgery

Actinomycosis is an unusual, chronic granulomatous disease. Actinomyces israelli has been found to be related to infectious processes in those patients with affected skin integrity leading to abscess formation, fistulae or mass lesions. Actinomycosis mainly presents in three forms cervicofacial (50%), abdominal (20%) and thoracic (15%). Pelvic cases have been rarely reported and are usually associated with the use of intrauterine devices. We describe a case of a 23 y/o female without history of intrauterine device use, who was admitted with an ovarian cyst following an appendectomy. An ovarian abscess was drained. The pathology showed a granuloma and focal sulfur granules like particles compatible with Actinomyces. This is a case of pelvic Actinomyces, not related to the use of an intrauterine device

Manejo laparoscópico de masas anexiales: experiencia local / Laparoscopic handling of anexial masses: local experience

Se analizaron 132 pacientes evaluando características epidemiológicas y clínicas, la correlación entre ecografía y anatomía patológica, la evolución y el uso laparoscópico en el tratamiento de masas anexiales. El diagnóstico se basó en la identificación ecográfica de una masa anexial. El rango de edad fue 16-66 años. El dolor abdominal y pélvico estuvo presente en 34 por ciento de los casos; en 45 por ciento se diagnosticó la masa anexial por examen ecográfico de rutina. En 53 por ciento de las pacientes se realizó quistectomía y en 16 por ciento ooforectomía completa. En 78 por ciento la masa correspondió a ovario y en 22 por ciento a trompa. Para las masas de origen ovárico la frecuencia mayor correspondió a tumores epiteliales (22 por ciento), seguido por quistes endometriósicos con 18 por ciento. Hubo 3 complicaciones vasculares y cambio a vía abierta en 5 casos. Solo hubo 1 tumor borderline y como hallazgo un cáncer de cuello uterino. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la experiencia quirúrgica en el manejo laparoscópico de los tumores anexiales.

Sonographic morphological pattern in the pre-operative prediction of ovarian masses.

The study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of sonographic morphological pattern in the detection of ovarian malignancy. A total of 123 patients with a suspicion of ovarian pathology, who were scheduled for elective surgery at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University were included in the study. All patients underwent sonographic examination prior to surgery by the same physician. The sonographic morphological pattern of each patient was compared to the histological diagnosis of the ovarian tumors. Of the 120 patients with an ovarian lesion, the sonographic morphological pattern of 10 had a sensitivity of 88.6 per cent and a specificity of 89.4 per cent in detection of malignant ovarian tumors. The positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and the accuracy rate were 77.5, 95.0, and 89.2 per cent, respectively. In the present study, a score of 9 would be the best discriminator between benign and malignant ovarian masses, giving a sensitivity of 97.1 per cent and specificity of 82.4 per cent. As stand alone, the present results confirm that ultrasonography is still a useful diagnostic tool in the differentiation of benign from malignant ovarian masses.

Tumores epiteliales de ovario de bajo potencial de malignidad (Borderline): experiencia en el Hospital Oncológico Padre Machado / Epithelials ovarian tumors of low malignant potential (Borderline): experience en el Hospital Oncológico Padre Machado

Presentar la experiencia obtenida en el manejo de los tumores epiteliales de ovario de bajo potencial de malignidad. Servicio de Ginecología, Hospital Oncológico Padre Machado, Caracas, Venezuela. Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo de 25 historias clínicas de pacientes con tumores epiteliales de ovario de bajo potencial de malignidad en un período de ocho años comprendido entre Julio de 1991 y junio de 1998. La edad promedio de las pacientes fue de 39 años. El motivo de consulta más frecuente fue dolor abdominal (44 por ciento) y masa abdominal (28 por ciento). De los 11 pacientes que tenían Cal25 pre-operatorio solo 5(45,45 por ciento) lo tenían elevado. La variedad histológica más frecuente fue: serosa en 14 pacientes (56 por ciento) y mucinosa en 9 pacientes (36 por ciento). Solamente 4 eran bilaterales (16 por ciento). Dieciseis pacientes fueron tratadas inicialmente en otros centros siendo re-intervenidas en nuestro hospital 10 para completar el protocolo de ovario. Se lograron estadiar en forma adecuada, según la FIGO, a 19 pacientes (76 por ciento), realizándose cirugía preservadora de fertilidad a una sola de estas pacientes. Trece pacientes (68,42 por ciento) fueron clasificadas como Estadio I, una como Estadio II (5,26 por ciento) y 5 como Estadio III (26,31 por ciento). Siete pacientes recibieron quimioterapia postoperatoria. El promedio de seguimiento fue de 18,95 meses con una sobrevida del 100 por ciento. Los tumores epiteliales de ovario de bajo potencial de malignidad tienen un pronóstico a largo plazo favorable. Todos los pacientes deben ser estadiados quirúrgicamente. Se recomienda la cirugía conservadora de fertilidad en pacientes jóvenes con enfermedad localizada

Torsión de anexos en niñas premenárquicas normales / Uterine adnexal torsion in normal premenarcheal girls

Introducción. La torsión aguda de las estructuras anexiales (ovario y trompa de Falopio) es una entidad real y reconocida como una urgencia quirúrgica. El diagnóstico es difícil como lo atestiguan el hecho de que casi no existen referidos diagnósticos correctos previos a la laparotomía debido a la rareza de la enfermedad, la falta de evidencias clínicas claras y por su similitud con otras condiciones. Sin embargo, debe tenerse como posibilidad cuando el dolor se ubica en la porción baja del abdomen, particularmente si su presentación es típica con relación a la enfermedad más común. Material y métodos. Este estudio es un análisis retrolectivo, observacional y no comparativo. Se describen 6 casos de torsión de los anexos en niñas premenárquicas normales. Se excluyeron aquellas niñas o adolescentes que presentaban un tumor abdominal como factor desencadenante. Resultados. Todas sufrieron dolor abdominal; 4 tuvieron fiebre y vómito. La exploración del abdomen reveló infarto hemorrágico del ovario y de la trompa en 5; en 1 sólo edema. En 5 niñas se practicó salpingooforectomía y en 1 salpingooforopexia. Conclusión. Es una enfermedad rara, de diagnóstico difícil y cuyo tratamiento debe ser instituido tempranamente a fin de evitar operaciones mutilantes

Indicaçöes de histerectomia / Indications for histerectomy

Um estudo retrospectivo de 174 histerectomias foi realizado no Hospital Júlia Kubitschek (Belo Horizonte), no período de agosto de 1992 a junho de 1996. O objetivo foi analisar a indicaçäo das cirurgias, os resultados dos exames anatomopatológicos, a idade, a cor e a paridade das pacientes

Ovarian abscess with spontaneous vaginal drainage

The occurrence of a rare ovarian abscess, spontaneously drained through the vagina after an abdominal hysterectomy is described. The treatment was an oophorectomy. The various forms of primary ovarian abscess are discussed in connection with these observations. This case illustrates the need for adequate manipulation of the gonad during pelvic surgery in order to avoid parenchymal contamination and the subsequent formation of such abscesses.

Edema masivo del ovario / Masive ovarian edema

El edema ovárico masivo es una rara condición que se ha asociado a la torsión anexial. Revisamos cuatro casos de edema ovárico masivo tratados en el Servicio de Ginecología de nuestro Hospital. Uno de los casos se manejó en forma conservadora mediante destorsión y ooforopexia. Se concluye que esta condición es secundaria a un grupo heterogéneo de enfermedades y potencialmente curable