Tuberous sclerosis: Report of two cases diagnosed by computer assisted cranial tomography without cutaneous manifestations

We represent two patients suffering from tuberous sclerosis without cutaneous manifestations Both were diagnosed on cranial CT scan. Both had typical calcified ependymal lesions. Our first patient had bilateral renal angiomyolipomas as well. Second patient had typical calcified ependymal lesions near foraman of Monro and calcified left cerebella tubers

Neuromielitis óptica: una enfermedad necrotizante del sistema nervioso central / Optic neuromyelitis: a necrotizing disease of the central nervous system

Optic neuromyelitis is characterized by simultaneous or successive necrotizing lesions involving the optic nerves and the spinal cord. We report two females with the disease, aged 30 and 34 years old. In the latter, a neuropathological study was done. Both patients had clinical, neuroradiological and pathological features that differed from those of primary demyelinating syndromes such as multiple sclerosis. These patients illustrate the selectivity of optic nerve and spinal cord lesions. The latter involve mainly pyramidal and Goll tracts while, within the necrotizing lesions of the optic chiasma, the fibers of the unaffected optic nerve are spared. This pattern suggests a selective injury to some population of axons. Blood vessels were not affected in the necrotizing areas and the lesions did not follow a vascular territory, therefore a vascular mechanism causing the disease is unlikely. The clinical and neuropathological features of neuromyelitis optic suggest a selective involvement of some axons

Quistes ependimarios coexistentes con espina bífida oculta y escoliosis congénita. Informe de un caso / Ependimal cysts coexisting with congenital scoliosis and spina bifida oculta

Se presenta el caso de una niña de 5 años de edad en quien se encontraron 2 zonas de ectasia ependimaria en los niveles T1 y T4 mediante RMN cuando se intentaba investigar la profundidad del defecto congénito espinal que producía escoliosis congénita lumbar izquierda de L2 a L4 y amplia espina bífida oculta asintomática de L5 y de todo el sacro. Debe considerarse que difícilmente se podría diagnosticar los defectos ependimarios sin resonancia magnética o tomografía computada

O envolvimento do plexo coróide e epêndima na tuberculose: sua importância na disseminaçäo da doença no sistema nervoso central / The involvement of the choroid plexus and ependyma in tuberculosis: its importance in dissemination of the disease in the central nervous system

Neste trabalho é mostrado o estudo histopatológico do plexo coróide e epêndima em 42 casos necropsiados de tuberculose do SNC. Lesöes granulomatosas características da tuberculos foram encontradas em 75% dos plexos examinados. É chamada a atençäo para a existência de granulomas que se destacam da superfície do plexo - granulomas flutuantes - que parecem importantes para o entendimento da patogenia da doença no SNC. A lesäo ependimária, vista em 97% dos casos examinados, é característica da ependimite granular da tuberculose. A lata frequência de lesöes nestas estruturas fortalece a hipótese de que estas podem ser pontos de partida na disseminaçäo da tuberculose meníngea