RESUMEN
Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of systemic administration of probiotics (PROB) on the progression of experimentally induced oral and intestinal mucositis in rats immunosuppressed by chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil: 5-FU). Twenty-four rats were divided into the following groups (n=6): GC (control), GPROB, G5FU and G5-FU/PROB. Groups GPROB and G5-FU/PROB received 1 g of probiotic incorporated into each 100 g of feed (Bacillus subtilis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Enterococcus faecium and Lactobacilllus acidophilus), beginning 30 days before oral mucositis induction. Groups G5FU and G5-FU/PROB received 60 mg/kg of 5-FU on days 0 and 2. The left oral mucosa of each animal was irritated by mechanical trauma (days 1 and 2). On days 3 and 7, three animals from each group were sacrificed, and their oral mucosa and small intestine were biopsied and processed for histopathological analysis. Groups G5-FU and G5-FU/PROB showed ulcerated oral lesions at day 3, with progression in group G5-FU and regression in group G5-FU/PROB at day 7. Histologically, less severe signs of inflammation in the oral mucosa were observed in group G5-FU/PROB than in group G5-FU. Regarding the intestine, villus-related defects of lesser magnitude were observed in group G5-FU/PROB, compared with group G5-FU. Group GPROB showed greater villus height than group GC. It can be concluded that probiotic supplementation reduced oral and intestinal inflammation in immunosuppressed rats with experimentally induced mucositis, and may protect the intestine from changes induced by chemotherapy, thus contributing to overall health.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Estomatitis/patología , Estomatitis/terapia , Probióticos/uso terapéutico , Enteritis/patología , Enteritis/terapia , Estomatitis/inmunología , Factores de Tiempo , Biopsia , Distribución Aleatoria , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ratas Wistar , Enteritis/inducido químicamente , Inmunocompetencia , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Intestino Delgado/efectos de los fármacos , Intestino Delgado/patología , Mucosa Bucal/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Bucal/patologíaRESUMEN
Everolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, is an emerging drug, which is being increasingly applied in oncology and solid organ transplantation. Oral ulcers are a frequent side effect associated with this immunosupressor. We report the case of a renal transplant recipient who developed disfiguring oral and perianal ulcers secondary to everolimus's toxicity. This is probably the first report of perianal involvement. Dermatologists need to be aware of the potential mucocutaneous adverse effects related to these new drugs that are becoming evermore common in our clinical practice.
.Asunto(s)
Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Enfermedades del Ano/inducido químicamente , Everolimus/efectos adversos , Inmunosupresores/efectos adversos , Trasplante de Riñón/efectos adversos , Úlcera Cutánea/inducido químicamente , Estomatitis/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades del Ano/patología , Inmunocompetencia/inmunología , Boca/patología , Úlcera Cutánea/inmunología , Úlcera Cutánea/patología , Estomatitis/inmunología , Estomatitis/patología , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TOR/antagonistas & inhibidoresRESUMEN
Este trabajo describe y analiza los principales factores antimicrobianos no inmunoglobulínicos de la saliva, su función biológica, interacciones y relación con diversas situaciones fisiológicas y patológicas que pueden presentarse en la cavidad bucal. Finalmente, se reseñan algunas aplicaciones clinicoterapéuticas de estos factores, destacando la necesidad de nuevas investigaciones destinadas a probar otros tratamientos que contribuyan a incrementar la efectividad de los sistemas innatos de defensa