Catarata e a expressao cromática na obra de Monet / Cataract and chromatic expression in Monet's work

Resumo Por conta de uma doença ocular, a obra de Monet foi analisada por múltiplas facetas, incluindo o reflexo da deterioração de sua visão nos seus trabalhos, motivo deste trabalho de revisão. Tendo como referência este panorama, propõe-se aqui pensar, por meio de algumas obras marcantes da biografia de Monet, a doença ocular catarata e o seu papel na história de vida deste pintor.

Abstract Due to the ocular disease, Monet's work was analyzed by multiple facets, including the reflection of the deterioration of his vision in his works, reason for this work of revision. With reference to this panorama, it is proposed here to think, by means of some remarkable works of the biography of Monet, the ocular cataract disease and the paper of this in the history of this painter's life.

Cirugía y cirujanos de catarata en México del siglo XIX / 19th century cataract surgery and surgeons in Mexico

La cirugía de catarata cuenta al menos con 3000 años de historia, pero no es sino hasta el siglo XIX cuando se perfecciona para llegar a ser un procedimiento rutinario y exitoso. Para principios de ese siglo, la técnica extracapsular de extracción de la catarata, iniciada por Daviel en 1748, se había implantado ya en Europa y en América, y nuestro país no fue la excepción. Notables médicos mexicanos practicaban esta cirugía; sus nombres los recordamos en las principales calles de la colonia Doctores en la capital de la República. Para el último cuarto del siglo, la oftalmología se había independizado en nuestro país como disciplina médica y se funda en 1893 la Sociedad Oftalmológica, la más antigua de Latinoamérica; su órgano de difusión (1898) es la más antigua publicación actual de la especialidad en castellano. Desde el siglo XIX, y tal vez desde antes, la cirugía de catarata en México se ha mantenido a la par de la practicada en Europa y Estados Unidos.

Cataract surgery has at least a 3000-year history, but it was not until the 19th century when it was refined to become a routine and successful procedure. Until early this century, the extracapsular technique, introduced by Daviel in 1748, was generally performed in Europe and America, and Mexico was no exception. The brightest and most distinguished Mexican physicians practiced that surgery. Several of their names designate the streets of "Colonia de los Doctores" in Mexico City. For the last quarter of the 19th century, ophthalmology was a defined and independent medical discipline in Mexico. The first Ophthalmologic Society in Latin America was established here in 1893, and in 1898 the oldest current journal of this specialty began its publication in Spanish. Since the 19th century--and perhaps before--cataract surgery in Mexico has been practiced at the same level as in the U.S. and Europe.

Sir Nicholas Harold Ridley. He changed the world, so that we might better see it.

Cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation has become the most common and most successful of all operations in medicine. Sir Harold Ridley's first cataract extraction with implantation of an IOL marked the beginning of a major change in the practice of ophthalmology. Millions of patients worldwide have benefited from Sir Ridley's invention, and are likely to continue to derive benefit from this device. However, the development of the IOL was not without its share of ups and downs. Sir Harold Ridley, the inventor of IOL, died at the age of 94, on 25 May 2001, and ophthalmology lost one of its greatest and most influential practitioners. We are happy that he lived to enjoy the fruits of his labour--to see the amazing improvements and the expansive growth that evolved in the cataract-IOL technique, from early and unsatisfactory operations in previous decades, to the superb results attainable today. The invention of the IOL has not been just the addition of one new form of treatment, but rather, Sir Harold's tiny disc-shaped sliver of plastic has changed the world so that our patients may better see it. This article presents a brief biographical sketch of Sir Harold and lists his major inventions and contributions to ophthalmology.

La cirugía de catarata hasta 1748 / Cataract surgery to 1748

Se presenta un breve relato de la historia de la cirugía de la catarata, desde sus inicios en la India con el método de reclinación, cerca de mil años antes de Cristo, y la evolución de los conocimientos anatómicos al respecto, hasta la primera extracción de la misma en 1748, por Jacques Daviel, que marca el inicio de la era moderna en esta cirugía.

La cirugía de la catarata en la Nueva España / Cataract surgery in New Spain

Se presentan en este trabajo algunos aspectos acerca de la práctica de la oculística en la Nueva España (siglos XVI, XVII, XVIII), haciendo hincapié en algunos textos utilizados en aquellos tiempos por los cirujanos novohispanos, como son Instituciones chirurgicae, de Luis Mercado, el Florilegio medicinal de Steyneffer, la Palestra historial de Francisco de Burgoa, la Guía de la oculística, de al-Ghafiqi, y las Institutiones chirurgicae de Lorenzo Heister, así como en las raíces medievales que privaban en ellos, y los requisitos necesarios para ejercer su profesión.Se relatan los remedios medicinales, así como la técnica quirúrgica de la catarata durante la Colonia.Se menciona al médico y cirujano Joseph de Quiñones, y su inserto en Gaceta Médica de México.Palabras clave: historia de la medicina, Cirugía de Catarata, Nueva España, Textos Coloniales, Gaceta de México.