Pedalitin from isodon japonica, an inactivation of soybean lipoxygenase-1 / Pedalitina de isodon japonica, un inactivador de la lipo oxigenasa-1 de poroto de soya

Pedalitin, isolated from the aerial part of Rabdosia japonica (Labiatae), inhibited soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, Type I) with an IC50 of 152.5 uM. The progress curves for an enzyme reaction, pedalitin inactivate the lipoxygenase-1 in a time dependent, irreversible manner, exhibiting kinetics with a kinact/KI of 59.6 +/- 10 mM-1min-1. In the pseudoperoxidase activity, pedalitin is very slowly oxidized by the soybean lipoxygenase-1 catalyzed decomposition of lipid hydroperoxides.

Pedalitina, aislada de las partes aereas de Rabdosia japonica inhibió a la lipooxigenasa-1 (EC 1.13.11.12 tipo I) con un IC50 de 152.5 uM. La curva de progreso para una acción enzimática, pedalitina inactivó a la lipooxigenasa-1 de una manera dependiente del tiempo, de una manera irreversible, exhibiendo una cinética con una kinact/KI de 59.6 +/- mM-1min-1. En la actividad pseudoperoxidasa, pedalitina es oxidada lentamente por la descomposición de la lípido hidroperóxido de la lipooxigenasa-1 de poroto de soya.

Protective effect of ethanolic and water extracts of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) against the toxic effects of mustard gas.

Ethanolic extract of H. rhamnoides L. leaf (HL-EOH), water and ethanolic extract of H. rhamnoides fruit (HF-W and HF-EOH), and H. rhamnoides flavone from fruit (HR-flavone) were evaluated against percutaneously administered sulphur mustard (SM), a chemical warfare agent. The animals administered with SM (9.7, 19.3 and 38.7 mg/kg) died at various days depending upon the dose and there was a significant reduction in the body weight. The H. rhamnoides extracts (1 g/kg; 3 doses; po) significantly protected the lethality, with a protective index of 2.4, 1.7, 1.7 and 2.2 for HL-EOH, HF-W, HF-EOH and HR-flavone respectively. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutalthione (GSSG) levels were reduced, and malondialdehyde (MDA) was elevated after percutaneous administration of SM. Oral administration of HL-EOH and HR-flavone significantly protected the body weight loss. Recovery in the levels of GSH, GSSG and MDA were also observed following oral administration of HL-EOH and HR-flavone. All the extracts were non-toxic and the LD50 was more than 5 g/kg. The present study shows that percutaneous administration of SM induces oxidative stress and ethanolic extract of leaf of H. rhamnoides and H. rhamnoides flavone from fruit can significantly protect it.

Ceanofendl in pentatate: a new aryltetralin from ceanothus Fendleri

A new aryltetrahydronaphthalene derivative, 4-[2',4',6'- triacetoxyphenyl]-5,6,7-trimethyl-1 alpha, 2 beta- diacetoxy-4-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, ceanofendlin pentaacetate, was isolated from the acetylated ethyl acetate extract of Ceanothus fendleri, Rhamnaceae. The known flavonoids kaempferol, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside [rutin] and quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-[1-6]-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside were also obtained. The structural characteristics of these compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic methods

New natural public health insecticide from salvia officinalis L'

5-hydroxy 6,7,3,4-tetramethoxy flavone, the toxic nature plant compound, was isolated from Salvia officinalis and tried against 7 insect species hazardous to public health. The LD50 values indicated that isolated flavone was toxic to house flies than American cockroaches, while it was non-toxic to German cockroaches. But for the LC50 culex adults and human head lice were most susceptible followed by human fleas and bed bugs. A direct parallel relation was found between toxicity and rate of penetration

flavonol, flavanone and highly-oxygenated flavones from thymus algeriensis bois

Dihydroflavonol, a flavanone and two highly oxygenated flavones were isolated from the aerial parts of Thymus algeriensis Boiss. Spectroscopic methods [IR, UV, MS and 1H-NMR] confirmed their structures as: 5,7,3',4-tetrahydroxydihydroflavonol [taxifolin], 5,7,3',4-tetrahydroxyflavanone [eriodictyol], 5,6-dihydroxy-7,3',4- trimethoxyflavone and 5,6,7-dimethoxyflavone. The dihydroflavonol taxifolin was reported for the first time in the genus Thymus. The significance of the co-occurrence of two different 5, 6-dihyroxyflavones was described. The chemotaxonomic implication of the obtained results was discussed

Iridoids and flavonoids from Phlomis brachyodon

The aerial part of Phlomis brachyodon [Boiss.] [Labiatae], which grows wild in Jordan was powered and extracted with ethanol. The residue after evaporation of the ethanolic extract was dissolved in water, filtered and the aqueous filtrate was extracted with ether and the ether extract discarded. Extraction of the aqueous filtrate subjected to column with butanol and the extract subjected to column chromatography to give five flavonoids [chrysoriol kemferol 4'-methyl ether, kemferol, astragalin and tiliroside] and four iridoids [ipolamiide, 8-epiloganin, auroside and phenstemoside], in addition to beta-sitosterol

Polymethoxylated flavones from citrus reticulata blanco cuv baladi

The new 3,5,6,8,4'-pentamethoxy [1] and 3,5,6,8,3',4'-hexamethoxy [2] flavones were isolated from Citrus reticulata leaf, beside beta- sitosterol and 5-O-desmethyl nobilletin. Structure elucidation of the two compounds was achieved through UV, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and 1H-13CNMR analyses

Trifolexin: a new flavanonol derivative from trifolium alexandrinum seeds

Quercetin, quercetrin and the new flavanonol derivative, 6-hydroxymethyl-2R, 3R-trans-dihydroquercetin [trifolexin] were isolated from the seeds of Trifolium alex and rinum L. The chemical identities of these compounds were established by spectroscopic methods

Macro- and micromorphology of leaf and stem of Nitraria retusa

The macro- and micromorphology of the leaf and stem of Nitraria retusa [Forssk.] Asch. are presented

Investigation of the flavonoid content of verbena peruviana

The ethyl acetate fraction of the alcoholic extract of Verbena peruviana afforded eight flavonoids: kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol 3-0-[3-acetyl beta-D-glucoside], kaempferol 3-0-beta-D-glucoside, quercetin 3-0-beta-D-glucoside, luteolin 7-0-beta-D-glucoside and luteolin 7-0-alpha-L-rhamonosyl [1-6] beta-D-glucoside. Identification of these compounds was based on their UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 1H-COSY, 13C-NMR, 13C-NMR [APT] spectral data, mp and TLC comparison with authentic materials

C-glycosylflavones from prosopis chilensis

Five apigenin-based C-glycosylflavones were isolated from the leaves and pods of Prosopis chilensis and identified as vicenin-1, 6-O-acetylvicenin-1, vicenin-2, vitexin and isovitexin. 6-O-acetylvicenin-1 could be a new acylated di-C-glycosylflavone and vicenin-1 is reported here for the first time in the genus Prosopis. The structures of the isolated compounds were established through spectroscopic analyses including 2D-NMR [HMQC, HMBC]

Sesquiterpene lactones and Flavonoids from centaurea bruguierana

Extraction and fraction of the aerial parts of C. bruguierana afforded cnicin, 11,13-dehydromelitensin 8 alpha-acetate and the three 6-methoxyflavone derivatives cirsilineol, cirsimaritin and hispidulin 7-0-rutinoside. Identification of the isolated materials was established mainly by spectral as well as chemical methods

Flavonol Glycosides from leaves of salvia africana beneath

Four known flavonol glycosides viz. isorhamnetin-3-0-beta-D-galactoside, kaempferol-3-0-robinobioside, isorhamnetin-3-0-[2G-rhamnosylrutinoside] and kaempferol-3-0-[2G-rhamnosylrutinoside] in addition to isorhamnetin and kaempferol have been isolated from the leaves of Salvia farinacea Benth. [F. Labiatae]. The structures of the isolated compounds were principally deduced by physical and chromatographic characters as well as spectroscopic analysis [H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FAB-MS and EI-MS]

Phytochemical study of two plantago species: part I: sterols and flavonoids

The chemical investigation of Plantago major L. and P. lagopus L. was carried out. Oleanolic acid, beta sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol were isolated from the light petroleum extract. Luteolin and 6-hydroxy luteolin were isolated from the ether fraction of both plants. While the ethyl acetate fraction of P. major L. afforded three phenolic glycosides, viz; acteoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside and 6-hydroxy luteolin-7-O-glucoside, that of P. lagopus L. afforded three 7-O-arabinosides of apigenin, luteolin and 6-hydroxy luteolin. The chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated arabinosides from P. lagopus L. was discussed