Effects of mineral trioxide aggregate, BiodentineTM and calcium hydroxide on viability, proliferation, migration and differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth

Abstract Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the capping materials mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), calcium hydroxide (CH) and BiodentineTM (BD) on stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in vitro. Material and Methods: SHED were cultured for 1 - 7 days in medium conditioned by incubation with MTA, BD or CH (1 mg/mL), and tested for viability (MTT assay) and proliferation (SRB assay). Also, the migration of serum-starved SHED towards conditioned media was assayed in companion plates, with 8 μm-pore-sized membranes, for 24 h. Gene expression of dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1) was evaluated by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Regular culture medium with 10% FBS (without conditioning) and culture medium supplemented with 20% FBS were used as controls. Results: MTA, CH and BD conditioned media maintained cell viability and allowed continuous SHED proliferation, with CH conditioned medium causing the highest positive effect on proliferation at the end of the treatment period (compared with BD and MTA) (p<0.05). In contrast, we observed increased SHED migration towards BD and MTA conditioned media (compared with CH) (p<0.05). A greater amount of DMP-1 gene was expressed in MTA group compared with the other groups from day 7 up to day 21. Conclusion: Our results show that the three capping materials are biocompatible, maintain viability and stimulate proliferation, migration and differentiation in a key dental stem cell population.

Acción de las hormonas tiroideas sobre la modulación de la expresión genética de la enzima málica citosólica hepática, en ratas intoxicadas con hexaclorobenceno / Action of the thyroid hormone on modulation of the gene expression of the liver cytosolic malic enzyme, in intoxicated rats with hexachlorobenzene

El hexaclorobenceno (HCB) es un tóxico ampliamente distribuído en la biosfera. La exposición crónica de animales de laboratorio al HCB provoca disfunciones tiroideas. Previamente hemos demostrado que el HCB incrementa la actividad de enzimas hepáticas reguladas por hormonas tiroideas (HT) tales como: enzima málica (EM) y glucosa-6fosfato de dehidrogenasa (G6PD) sin alterar la actividad de la alpha-glicerol fosfato deshidrogenasa mitocondrial (alpha-GPD). En éste estudio hemos investigado si el HCB afectaba: a) la concentración del receptor de hormonas tiroideas (RT3) y su afinidad por el ligando, b) la expresión del gen de EM y de otras enzimas HT-dependientes, c) los complejos proteína/DNA formados sobre el elemento de respuesta a hormonas tiroideas (TRE). Se utilizaron hígados de ratas hembras Wistar intoxicadas con HCB (100 mg/100 g P.C.), por 9 y 15 días. El análisis de Scatchard mostró que ni la afinidad ni el número de sitios RT3 estaban alterados luego de 9 y 15 días de tratamiento con HCB (Control, Ka: 1,9 nM, Bmáx:3.9 fmol/100mug DNA; HCB9díasKa2.1nM, Bmáx4.5 fmol/100mug DNA; HCB15 días Ka 1.9nM, Bmáx5.1 fmol/100mug DNA). Tampoco los niveles de RNAm de TRbeta1 medidos por ensayos de protección a RNasa fueron afectados por HCB. Ensayos de Northern Blot han demostrado que los niveles de RNAm de EM se incrementaban 4 veces y 2 veces con respecto al control después de 9 y 15 días de intoxicación respectivamente, sin observarse alteraciones en los niveles de RNAm de otras enzimas cuya expresión es regulada por HT como gliceraldehído - 3 - fosfato deshidrogenasa (GAPDH) y fosfoenolpiruvatocarboxiquinasa (PEPCK) ni tampoco en la alpha-GPD mitocondrial. Ensayos de retardo en gel mostraron que el HCB no modificó la afinidad de las proteínas presentes en extractos nucleares por el TRE presente en el promotor de EM. Nuestros resultados sugieren que el RT3 no está involucrado en forma directa en la inducción de la expresión del gen de EM por HCB, sin embargo podría interaccionar con otros factores de transcripción en la sobreexpresión del gen de EM.

Effects of prolactin and androgens on enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in prostate of castrated bonnet monkeys Macaca radiata (Geoffroy).

Effects of prolactin (PRL), bromocriptine (Br), testosterone propionate (TP), dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and the combinations of these androgens with PRL/Br on the specific activities of caudal and cranial prostatic cellular enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism in castrated mature bonnet monkeys have been studied. Castration decreased all the enzymes studied such as hexokinase (HK), 6-phosphofructokinase (6-PFK), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-3-PD), pyruvate kinase (PK), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD) in the cranial and caudal prostates. PRL elevated the activities of all the enzymes above normal except G-3-PD of cranial lobe. In the caudal lobe, PRL brought back the activities of HK, PFK, PK, G-6-PD to normal and 6-PGD above normal except G-3-PD. TP/DHT treatment increased all the enzymes in both the lobes. PRL given along with TP/DHT further enhanced the androgen action with regard to HK, PK, G-6-PD and 6-PGD of cranial and PFK, G-3-PD, PK, G-6-PD and 6-PGD of caudal lobe. Br treatment did not produce any alteration of these enzymes in both the lobes. In the cranial lobe, during Br+TP/DHT treatment, the stimulating effects of androgen were unaffected on all the enzymes except PK. On the other hand in the caudal, the stimulatory effects of androgens were affected and the activities of HK, PFK, PK and 6-PGD were significantly decreased. The present results suggest that PRL has a direct as well as a synergistic action with androgens on enzymes of EMP and HMP shunt in the prostates of monkeys.