RESUMEN
Bone morphogenetic protein type 2 (BMP-2) is a potent local factor, which promotes bone formation and has been used as an osteogenic supplement for mesenchymal stem cells. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effect of a recombinant BMP-2 as well as the endogenous BMP-4 and BMP-7 in the osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in medium supplemented with ascorbate and β-glycerophosphate. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Human ASCs were treated with osteogenic medium in the presence (ASCs+OM+BMP-2) or absence (ASCs+OM) of BMP-2. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was determined and the extracellular matrix mineralization was evaluated by Von Kossa staining and calcium quantification. The expressions of BMP-4, BMP-7, Smad1, Smad4, and phosphorylated Smad1/5/8 were analyzed by western blotting. Relative mRNA expressions of Smad1, BMP receptor type II (BMPR-II), osteonectin, and osteocalcin were evaluated by qPCR. Results: ASCs+OM demonstrated the highest expression of BMP-4 and BMP-7 at days 21 and 7, respectively, the highest levels of BMPR-II mRNA expression at day 28, and the highest levels of Smad1 mRNA at days 14 and 28. ASCs+OM+BMP-2 demonstrated the highest levels of Smad1 mRNA expression at days 1, 7, and 21, the highest expression of Smad1 at day 7, the highest expression of Smad4 at day 14, the highest ALP activity at days 14 and 21, and expression of phosphorylated Smad1/5/8 at day 7. ASCs+OM and ASCs+OM+BMP2 showed similar ALP activity at days 7 and 28, similar osteonectin and osteocalcin mRNA expression at all time periods, and similar calcium depositions at all time periods. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that human ASCs expressed endogenous BMP-4 and BMP-7. Moreover, the supplementation of ASCs with BMP-2 did not increase the level of osteogenic markers in the initial (ALP activity), intermediate (osteonectin and osteocalcin), or final (calcium deposition) phases, suggesting that the exogenous addition of BMP-2 did not improve the in vitro osteogenesis process of human ASCs.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Tejido Adiposo/citología , /farmacología , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Glicerofosfatos/farmacología , Osteogénesis , Células Madre/efectos de los fármacos , Análisis de Varianza , Fosfatasa Alcalina/fisiología , Ácido Ascórbico/metabolismo , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacología , Western Blotting , /metabolismo , /metabolismo , /metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Glicerofosfatos/metabolismo , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Células Madre/citología , Células Madre/metabolismo , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This in vitro study evaluated the effect of calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP) supplemented to soft drinks on bovine enamel erosion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Four pH-cycles were performed, alternating demineralization by the beverage and remineralization in artificial saliva. RESULTS: Mean wear (±SD, µm) was 7.91±1.13, 7.39±1.01, 7.50±0.91 and 5.21±1.08 for Coca-Cola® without CaGP or containing CaGP at 0.1, 1.0 or 2.0 mM, respectively, while no wear was detected for CaGP at 5.0 and 10.0 mM. Corresponding figures for Sprite Zero® without CaGP or containing CaGP at 0.1, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 or 10.0 mM were 8.04±1.30, 7.84±0.71, 7.47±0.80, 4.96±0.81, 3.99±0.10 and 1.87±0.12, respectively. CONCLUSION: Supplementation of both beverages with CaGP seems to be an alternative to reduce their erosive potential.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Bovinos , Bebidas Gaseosas/efectos adversos , Esmalte Dental/efectos de los fármacos , Glicerofosfatos/farmacología , Erosión de los Dientes/prevención & control , Esmalte Dental/química , Dureza , Ensayo de Materiales , Distribución Aleatoria , Saliva Artificial , Propiedades de Superficie , Erosión de los Dientes/inducido químicamente , Desgaste de los Dientes/prevención & controlRESUMEN
El presente informe responde a una solicitud del Departamento de Salud Bucal de la División de Rectoría y Regulación Sanitaria, para evaluar la evidencia científica disponible sobre la efectividad del glicerofosfato de calcio presente en pastas dentífricas, en el tratamiento de las caries dentales. Lo anterior, en el contexto de una campaña publicitaria que afirma que este agente tendría capacidad "reparadora" de las caries, lo que ha desatado polémica en cuanto al significado y los fundamentos técnicos de esa afirmación. En rigor, la campaña señala que el producto "repara y protege los dientes de tu familia día a día", que el calcio activo "entrega Calcio activo, el cual trabaja directamente en estos daños incipientes del esmalte dental, reponiendo el Calcio perdido", que "trabaja sobre los daños microscópicos producidos por las bacterias en los dientes" , que el resultado es "esmalte dental mucho más fuerte, enriquecido con Calcio, y más protegido contra las caries", y que " logra con sus ingredientes retardar el aparecimiento de caries". La página web de la empresa (Unilever) señala que el ingrediente activo al que se atribuye este efecto reparador es el Glicerofosfato de Calcio.