Effect of acute exposure of N, N-Dimethylformamide, an industrial solvent on lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in liver and kidney of rats.

N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), an industrial solvent widely used throughout the world is a known toxic compound. Here, we studied the effects of acute exposure of DMF on liver and kidney in rats. Rats were treated intraperitoneally with a single dose of DMF (1.5 g/kg) for 24 and 48 h. Hepatic and nephrotoxicity was confirmed based on the significant increase in the serum levels of aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, g-glutamyl transferase, urea, creatinine and electrolytes. Oxidative stress was assessed by determining the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidants in liver and kidney. The LPO levels were elevated in both the tissues upon DMF exposure, whereas the activities of enzymatic antioxidants SOD, CAT and Gpx and non-enzymatic antioxidants (glutathione and vitamin C) were declined. The hepatic- and nephrotoxicity was further confirmed by the increasing incidence of inflammation in the histopathological studies. The findings indicate that acute exposure of DMF results in oxidative stress, antioxidant deficiency, attenuating liver and kidney marker enzymes, resulting in tissue inflammation and damage.

Pattern of histo pathological changes of liver in poisoning.

Increasing trend of poisoning in rural as well as urban set up for committing suicides must drive attention of law enforcing agencies to restrict its use and providing better methods for pest control. One of the organs suffered by such poisoning is liver, which is studied in detail in this study with special reference to histopathological finding. Out of total 140 autopsies 78 cases revealed histopathological finding in liver which varies with treatment, duration of survival, death autopsy interval. This may be helpful to conclude cause of death in obscure autopsies or even at each poisoning autopsy where opinion is reserved till viscera report is available. This may cut short time required for court proceeding, insurance claims based on these opinions.