Literature Review: Dental Aspects in Gaucher Disease / Revisión de la Literatura: Aspectos Dentales en la Enfermedad de Gaucher

SUMMARY: Knowledge about Gaucher disease, characteristics, clinical and radiographic alterations, demonstrate the importance of using anamnesis, laboratory tests and radiological images, among these dental analysis and images, making possible the early detection in the oral manifestations and the success in the control and treatment of the disease.

RESUMEN: El conocimiento sobre la enfermedad de Gaucher, características, alteraciones clínicas y radiográficas, demuestra la importancia de utilizar la anamnesis, los exámenes de laboratorio e imágenes radiológicas, entre ellas las odontológicas, posibilitando la detección precoz de las manifestaciones orales, y el éxito en el control y tratamiento de la enfermedad.

Honeybee propolis extract in periodontal treatment: A clinical and microbiological study of propolis in periodontal treatment.

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate by clinical and microbiological parameters the effect of subgingival irrigation with propolis extract. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, each presenting three non-adjacent teeth with deep pockets, were selected. Subgingival plaque sampling and clinical recording (at baseline) and scaling and root planing was performed. Two weeks later the selected periodontal sites were submitted to one of the following treatments: Irrigation with a hydroalcoholic solution of propolis extract twice a week for 2 weeks (group A); irrigation with a placebo twice a week for 2 weeks (group B); or no additional treatment (group C). Clinical and microbiological data was collected at baseline and after 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Results: A decrease in the total viable counts of anaerobic bacteria (P=.007), an increase in the proportion of sites with low levels (≤10 5 cfu/mL) of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P=.044), and an increase in the number of sites negative for bleeding on probing was observed in group A sites as compared to group B and C sites. Conclusion: Subgingival irrigation with propolis extract as an adjuvant to periodontal treatment was more effective than scaling and root planing as assessed by clinical and microbiological parameters.

Amoxicillin/metronidazole or scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the treatment with amoxicillin or metronidazole in comparison to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Randomised clinical trials were searched in the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, SciELO, Cochrane and Scopus from 1989 to 2010. The search started with 2895 articles.. From this initial number of articles, 10 publications were selected and included in the study according to fixed criteria. Studies included adult patients of both sexes aged between 21 and 80, diagnosed with chronic periodontitis and treated with amoxicillin and/or metronidazole or scaling and root planning. From each article, details were abstracted relating to sample size, design, sex, age, oral hygiene habits, the exposure to drug (doses, schedule), and results such as clinical effect, analysis methods, stratification variables. Conclusion: this meta-analysis showed absence of statistically significant difference between the effects studied.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el tratamiento con amoxicilina o metronidazol en comparacion con el raspado y alisado radicular en el tratamiento de la periodontitis cronica. Ensayos clinicos aleatorios se seleccionaron de las bases de datos MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scielo, Cochrane, y Scopus desde el ano 1989 a 2010. La busqueda comenzo con 2895 articulos. A partir de este numero inicial de articulos, 10 publicaciones fueron seleccionadas e incluidas en el estudio de acuerdo a los criterios fijados. Los estudios incluyeron pacientes adultos de ambos sexos, con edades entre 21 y 80 anos, diagnosticados con enfermedad periodontal cronica y tratados con amoxicilina y/o metronidazol o raspaje y alisado radicular. De cada articulo se extrajo el tamano muestral, diseno, genero y edad, habitos de higiene oral, medicacion (dosis y esquema), resultado clinico, metodo de analisis y variables de estratificacion. Conclusion: este meta-analisis mostro ausencia de significacion estadistica entre los efectos estudiados.

E-cadherin and CD1a expression in gingival epithelium in periodontal health, disease and post-treatment.

Background: Epithelial integrity is important for maintenance of periodontal health. It is not fully known if non-surgical periodontal therapy is capable of recreating the epithelial barrier in its functional state. Patients and Methods: Sixty-five patients (31 males and 34 females) were included in the study. They were divided into group A (healthy gingiva 16 patients), group B (gingivitis 17 patients), group C (periodontitis 17 patients), and group D (post-treatment 15 patients). Gingival samples were collected and immunohistochemical study was done using E-cadherin and CD1a antibody. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test for CD1a and Tukey's highly significant difference (HSD) test for E-cadherin. Result: There was a statistically significant difference (P<0.001) in the expression of E-cadherin between healthy (1.846±0.555), gingivitis (1.100±0.994), and periodontitis group (0.700±0.483). Similarly, there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.001) in the expression of CD1a between healthy (75.70±3.09), gingivitis (42.53±3.09), and periodontitis group (29.07±3.08). However, the expression of E-cadherin (1.242±0.653) and CD1a in post-treatment samples (52.18±2.90) was lower with no statistically significant difference when compared to health. Discussion: The significant reduction in E-cadherin and CD1a levels in periodontal disease when compared to health could possibly be a result of invasion by the periodontopathogens and its subsequent sequel. Although, the post-treatment samples showed significant improvement when compared to disease, the reduction in E-cadherin and CD1a levels when compared to gingival health suggests that the epithelial barrier was not yet fully established in its functional state.

Effects of periodontal treatment phase I on birth term and birth weight.

Considering the high prevalence of preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW) and their complications as well as the role played by periodontal disease in their incidence and the lack of any report of periodontal therapy on these problems in Iran, the goal of the present research was to determine the effects of periodontal treatment on PLBW incidence among women with moderate or advanced periodontitis who were referred to Javaheri hospital (2004-2005). This clinical trial research was conducted on 30 pregnant women age ranging from 18-35 years old, with moderate or advanced periodontitis. Fifteen subjects randomly underwent the first phase of periodontal treatment including scaling, root planning and the use of 0.2% chlorhexidine mouth rinse for one week. None of these steps were taken for the controls. After necessary follow ups, the effect of periodontal treatment on birth term and birth weight were analyzed statistically. This research was conducted on 30 subjects, 15 controls and 15 cases in study group. In the control group, the observed rate of PLBW was 26.7% whereas among periodontally treated group, phase I, PLBW infant was not observed (P < 0.05). Infants birth weight were (3059.3-389.7) gms in study group and (3371-394.2) gms in the control group and respectively (P < 0.05). Periodontal therapy, phase I, results in a reduction in PLBW incidence rate. Therefore, the application of such a simple method among periodontally diseased pregnant women is recommended.

Exodoncia y tratamiento periodontal en pacientes de riesgo hemostático / Tooth extraction and periodontal treatment in patients with hemostatic risk

Se plantea un método de acción en exodoncia y tratamiento periodontal en pacientes de riesgo hemostático. Se analizan 193 intervenciones en 110 pacientes, 95 de ellos anticoagulados crónicos y 15 con algún tipo de hemopatía. Las intervenciones fueron realizadas en todos los casos con aplicación de Tissucol en el alvéolo o en la encía operada, sin suspender la medicación en los anticoagulados. un 87.6 por ciento de los postoperatorios cursaron sin inconvenientes y el 12.4 por ciento restante presentó sangrados leves, resueltos ambulatoriamente. No se encontró relación entre la complejidad de la intervención y el resultado hemostático obtenido