The Relationship between Higher-order Aberrations and Amblyopia Treatment in Hyperopic Anisometropic Amblyopia

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and amblyopia treatment in children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia. METHODS: The medical records of hyperopic amblyopia patients with both spherical anisometropia of 1.00 diopter (D) or more and astigmatic anisometropia of less than 1.00 D were reviewed retrospectively. Based on the results of the amblyopia treatment, patients were divided into two groups: treatment successes and failures. Using the degree of spherical anisometropia, subjects were categorized into mild, moderate, or severe groups. Ocular, corneal, and internal HOAs were measured using a KR-1W aberrometer at the initial visit, and at 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups. RESULTS: The results of the 45 (21 males and 24 females) hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia patients who completed the 12-month follow-up examinations were analyzed. The mean patient age at the initial visit was 70.3 months. In total, 28 patients (62.2%) had successful amblyopia treatments and 17 patients (37.8%) failed treatment after 12 months. Among the patient population, 24 (53.3%) had mild hyperopic anisometropia and 21 (46.7%) had moderate hyperopic anisometropia. When comparing the two groups (i.e., the success and failure groups), ocular spherical aberrations and internal spherical aberrations in the amblyopic eyes were significantly higher in the failure group at every follow-up point. There were no significant differences in any of the HOAs between mild and moderate cases of hyperopic anisometropia at any follow-up. When the amblyopic and fellow eyes were compared between the groups there were no significant differences in any of the HOAs. CONCLUSIONS: HOAs, particularly ocular spherical aberrations and internal spherical aberrations, should be considered as reasons for failed amblyopia treatment.

The Relationship between Higher-order Aberrations and Amblyopia Treatment in Hyperopic Anisometropic Amblyopia

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and amblyopia treatment in children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia. METHODS: The medical records of hyperopic amblyopia patients with both spherical anisometropia of 1.00 diopter (D) or more and astigmatic anisometropia of less than 1.00 D were reviewed retrospectively. Based on the results of the amblyopia treatment, patients were divided into two groups: treatment successes and failures. Using the degree of spherical anisometropia, subjects were categorized into mild, moderate, or severe groups. Ocular, corneal, and internal HOAs were measured using a KR-1W aberrometer at the initial visit, and at 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups. RESULTS: The results of the 45 (21 males and 24 females) hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia patients who completed the 12-month follow-up examinations were analyzed. The mean patient age at the initial visit was 70.3 months. In total, 28 patients (62.2%) had successful amblyopia treatments and 17 patients (37.8%) failed treatment after 12 months. Among the patient population, 24 (53.3%) had mild hyperopic anisometropia and 21 (46.7%) had moderate hyperopic anisometropia. When comparing the two groups (i.e., the success and failure groups), ocular spherical aberrations and internal spherical aberrations in the amblyopic eyes were significantly higher in the failure group at every follow-up point. There were no significant differences in any of the HOAs between mild and moderate cases of hyperopic anisometropia at any follow-up. When the amblyopic and fellow eyes were compared between the groups there were no significant differences in any of the HOAs. CONCLUSIONS: HOAs, particularly ocular spherical aberrations and internal spherical aberrations, should be considered as reasons for failed amblyopia treatment.

Neuritis retrobulbar inducida por amiodarona: caso clínico / Amiodarone induced retrobulbar neuritis: report of 1 case

We report a 66 years old male, with an ophtalmologic history of long sightedness, admitted to the hospital due to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation crises in the context of a coronary heart disease. He was treated with iv amiodarone, receiving a total dose of 6 g in 72 hours. After the third day of treatment, the patient noticed a correction of his long sightedness and 24 h later, he complained of blurred vision and orbital frontal headache. Visual field examination revealed a concentric retraction of visual field and a centrocecal scotoma in both eyes. Amiodarone was withdrawn and dexametasone treatment was begun. Three days after amiodarone discontinuation, sight improved and visual field returned to normal. Although retrobulbar neuritis has been associated to various drugs, amiodarone has not been considered as a possible agent

Fibras nervosas retinianas mielinizadas: relato de três casos atípicos / Myelinated retinal nerve fibers: report of three atypical cases

Os autores descrevem três casos atípicos de fibras nervosas rtinianas mielinizadas associadas com erros refracionais e ambliopia. Em dois casos o acometimento foi bilateral. Dois pacientes apresentavam miopia e um hipermetropia. Alertam para o diagnóstico precoce destas alteraçöes, considerando que tais fibras mielinizadas podem trazer danos irreversíveis para a funçäo visual dos pacientes

Endotropia recidivante: presentación de dos casos / Recurrence esotropia: Presentation two cases

Se presentan dos casos de pacientes adultos, con historia de estrabismo desde la infancia y sin antecedentes de tratamiento. Fueron operados con diagnóstico de endotropia posicional inervacional primaria, con buen resultado inmediato y recurrencia de la endotropia en el postoperatorio tardío. Se determinó que la causa de la recidiva era una hipermetropía mal valorada en el estudio clínico inicial. Se presenta la revisión de la bibliografía y el análisis de los factores que condicionan un mal resultado en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la endotropia.

Oclusöes venosas retinianas: fatores de risco / Retinal venous oclusion: risk factors

Estudou-se no presente trabalho, os fatores de risco em relaçäo às oclusöes venosas retinianas. Os fatores de risco mais frequentes foram: hipertensäo arterial sistêmica, hipermetropia e glaucoma crônico simples. O diabetes mellitus foi uma associaçäo muito pouco frequente

Vícios de refraçäo e cefaléia habitual em crianças / Refraction errors and habitual headaches in children

Estudou-se a ocorrência de vícios de refraçäo em 118 crianças portadoras de cefaléia habitual. Conclue-se que a hipermetropia de valor médio é a causa mais comum. Sugerem-se regras gerais para correçäo

Incidence of manifest squint among school children in Mansoura

Among 20,124 primary school children examined in the various primary schools in the Eastern district of Mansoura. We found 202 cases of Manifest Concomitant squint [2%]. The highest frequency of squint was at the age of six years [40.1%] and the incidence decreases during the school life to [7.9%] at the age of 12 years. The commonest type of deviation was the convergent type representing 84.1 of all cases. There is no significant difference between girls and boys in this work, as we found that the boys 102 [50.5%] and girls 100 [49.5%]. Most of the case with convergent squint were hypermetropic of moderate degree ranging from + 2.5 D. to 4.0 D. whereas in divergent squint 12 cases were hypermetropic and 20 cases were myopic