Prevalence of hyperuricemia in the elderly in 7 areas of China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) in the elderly in China. Methods: A randomized stratified cluster sampling survey was conducted. And 5 376 residents aged ≥60 year in 7 Beijing, Xi'an and Harbin in northern China and Chengdu, Chongqing, Changsha and Shanghai in southern China were surveyed. A unified questionnaire was used to collect their basic information, and blood samples were taken from them to detect the level of plasma uric acid (UA). The differences in hyperuricemia prevalence among different groups were compared with χ(2) test. Results: The mean concentration of plasma UA was 302.8 μmol/L in the elderly surveyed, 329.5 μmol/L in males and 282.7 μmol/L in females, 272.4 μmol/L in rural residents and 315.5 μmol/L in urban residents. Our study showed the prevalence of hyperuricemia was 13.1% in the elderly surveyed. The prevalence of hyperuricemia in women (14.1%) was higher than that in men (12.0%) (P<0.05); and the prevalence of hyperuricemia was higher in urban residents (15.8%) than in rural residents (6.9%) (P<0.01); in southern area (16.0%) than in northern area (11.6%) (P<0.01). Both the plasma UA level and the prevalence of hyperuricemia increased with age in those aged ≥60 years. The average prevalence of hyperuricemia were 9.5%, 11.9%, 14.5%, 16.4% and 21.9% and the plasma UA levels were 287.7, 295.9, 308.1, 311.6 and 323.3 μmol/L respectively in age group ≥60, 65, 70, 75 and 80 years (P<0.01). Conclusion: The result showed that mean concentration of plasma UA was 302.8 μmol/L and the overall prevalence of hyperuricemia was 13.1% in the elderly surveyed in China. The prevalence of hyperuricemia in females was higher than in males, in urban residents than in rural residents and in southern area than in northern area. Both the UA level and prevalence of hyperuricemia increased with age.

Epidemiological features of adult chronic kidney diseases in a community-based population in Songjiang district, Shanghai / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) in adult residents living in a community of Songjiang district, Shanghai. Methods: A total of 9 257 residents aged 20-75 years old in Xinqiao township of Songjiang district were selected by random cluster sampling. All the participants were interviewed to complete a set of personal questionnaire and undergo physical examinations. Urine and blood tests including markers of kidney damage and related associated factors with CKD, were carried out. Results: Eligible data from 8 207 subjects were enrolled in the study. After adjustment for age and gender, the prevalence of CKD was 8.4% (95%CI: 7.8%-9.0%), with majority of the patients (76.5%) appeared in the early stage (Ⅰ and Ⅱ) of the disease. The prevalence of CKD increased with age and higher prevalence was seen in females than in males (P<0.001). Results from logistic regression analysis showed that factors as: being elderly or female, having hypertension, hyperuricemia, and hyperlipidemia were all independently associated with CKD. Conclusions: The prevalence of CKD appeared relatively high in adult residents of Xinqiao township, Songjiang district where CKD had become a public health problem. Factors as: being female or elderly, hypertension, hyperuricemia, and hyperlipidemia were found to be associated with CKD. Our findings suggested that early prevention and control on CKD to reduce the incidence of end-stage renal diseases and related complications had called for more urgent attention.

Serum uric acid levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Uyghur and Han ethnic groups in northwestern China / Concentração sérica de ácido úrico e doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica em grupos étnicos Uyghur e Han no nordeste da China

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare serum uric acid values in two ethnically distinct Chinese populations: Uyghur, with a high prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and Han, with a lower prevalence. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Serum uric acid and several clinical features and laboratory tests relevant to the metabolic syndrome were measured in 4,157 Uyghur and 6,448 Han subjects in a health examination program. The diagnosis of hepatic steatosis was established by abdominal ultrasound examination. RESULTS: The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was 42.3% and 33.3% among Uyghur and Han subjects, respectively. The corresponding prevalence of hyperuricemia was 8.8% and 14.7%. The mean concentration of serum uric acid in Uyghurs also was lower than in Hans (282.75 vs. 310.79 µmol/L; p < 0.01). However, in both populations, the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was increased in association with increasing serum uric acid concentrations, a trend that was more pronounced in Uyghur than in Han subjects (OR 3.279 and 3.230, respectively). Several components of the metabolic syndrome were more pronounced in Uyghurs than in Hans. CONCLUSIONS: Serum uric acid is an independent risk factor in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in both Uyghurs and Hans, but other risk factors may be more important in the differences in prevalence of the disease between the two ethnic groups.

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os valores de ácido úrico em duas populações chinesas etnicamente diferentes: Uyghur, com alta prevalência de doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica, e Han, com prevalência mais baixa. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: A concentração sérica de ácido úrico e várias características clínicas e testes laboratoriais relevantes para a síndrome metabólica foram determinados em 4.157 indivíduos Uyghur e 6.448 indivíduos Han submetidos a um programa de checkups. O diagnóstico de esteatose hepática foi estabelecido por ultrassom abdominal. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica foi de 42,3% e 33,3% entre os indivíduos Uyghur e Han, respectivamente. A prevalência correspondente de hiperuricemia foi de 8,8% e 14,7%. A concentração sérica média de ácido úrico em Uyghurs também foi mais baixa do que em Hans (282,75 contra 310,79 µmol/L; p < 0,01). Entretanto, em ambas as populações, a prevalência de doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica aumentou com a elevação da concentração sérica de ácido úrico, uma tendência mais pronunciada em Uyghurs do que em Hans (OR 3,279 e 3,230, respectivamente). Vários componentes da síndrome metabólica são mais pronunciados em Uyghurs do que em Hans. CONCLUSÕES: A concentração sérica de ácido úrico é um fator de risco independente para a doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica tanto em Uyghurs quando em Hans, mas outros fatores de risco podem ser mais importantes nas diferenças na prevalência da doença entre esses dois grupos étnicos.

Hyperuricemia and associated factors: a cross-sectional study of Japanese-Brazilians / Hiperuricemia e fatores associados: um estudo transversal com nipo-brasileiros

This cross-sectional study aimed to estimate the prevalence of hyperuricemia and associated risk factors among Japanese-Brazilians. We obtained data on demographic, health history, food intake, and laboratory variables. Chi-square and prevalence ratios were used as measures of association. 35.3 percent of the subjects presented hyperuricemia, which was more frequent in smokers, males, age > 55 years, with co-morbidities, individuals on uric acid-increasing medication, serum creatinine > 1.4mg/dL, high alcohol consumption, and low consumption of milk and dairy products. In the multivariate analysis, the associations remained significant with gender, overweight, central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and use of specific drugs. Among males, low intake of saturated fat was associated with hyperuricemia. Individuals with hypertension showed a negative association with dairy product consumption. The high hyperuricemia prevalence suggests that changes in nutritional profile and control of associated co-morbidities could help minimize occurrence of this condition.

O objetivo deste estudo transversal foi estimar a prevalência de hiperuricemia e fatores associados entre nipo-brasileiros. Obtiveram-se informações sobre variáveis demográficas, de saúde, dietéticas e bioquímicas. O teste qui-quadrado e razões de prevalências foram utilizados como medidas de associação. 35,3 por cento dos sujeitos tinham hiperuricemia e esta acometeu, principalmente, tabagistas, homens, com faixa etária > 55 anos, com outras comorbidades, em uso de drogas hiperuricemiantes, com creatinina sérica elevada, com maior ingestão de álcool e menor de laticínios. Em análise múltipla permaneceram significantes as associações com o sexo, excesso de peso, obesidade central, hipertrigliceridemia e uso de medicamentos. Entre os homens, o menor consumo de gorduras saturadas associou-se à hiperuricemia. Entre hipertensos ocorreu associação negativa com o consumo de laticínios. A alta prevalência de hiperuricemia indica que mudanças no perfil nutricional e controle das comorbidades associadas podem contribuir para minimizar a ocorrência dessa anormalidade.