Ileites - endoscopistas e patologistas falam a mesma língua? / Ileitis - do endoscopist and pathologist speak the same language?

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Ileitis is defined as an inflammation of the ileum, which is evaluated during colonoscopy. Biopsies should be performed on altered ileus, aiding to the diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the correlation of anatomopathological findings on ileitis between pathologists and endoscopists. METHODS: A retrospective, cross-sectional study, between 2013 and 2017. Examination report, indications for colonoscopy, and medical records were evaluated to identify whether the colonoscopic findings were clinically significant. Anatomopathological samples were reviewed by a pathologist expert in gastrointestinal tract. Patients over 18 years of age who had undergone ileoscopy were included, whereas patients below 18 years of age and those with previous intestinal resections were excluded. The correlation was assessed using the kappa coefficient index. RESULTS: A total of 5833 colonoscopies were conducted in the study period and 3880 cases were included. Ileal alterations were observed in 206 cases, with 2.94% being clinically significant. A hundred and sixty three biopsies were evaluated using the kappa index, resulting in agreement among pathologists of 0.067 and among pathologist and endoscopist of 0.141. CONCLUSION: It was observed that despite the low concordance between pathologists and endoscopists, there was no change in patient outcomes. This study confirms the importance of knowledge of the main anatomopathological changes related to ileitis by pathologists and endoscopists, making the best diagnosis and follow-up.

RESUMO CONTEXTO: Ileíte é definida como uma inflamação ileal, que pode ser avaliada durante a colonoscopia. Biópsias devem ser realizadas em íleos alterados, acrescentando na definição diagnóstica. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a correlação de achados anatomopatológicos das ileítes entre patologistas e endoscopistas. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo, transversal, entre os anos de 2013 e 2017. Foram avaliados laudos de exames, indicações e prontuários para identificar quando os achados colonoscópicos foram significativos. As amostras de anatomopatologia foram revisadas por um patologista especialista em trato gastrointestinal. Foram incluídos pacientes acima de 18 anos, com ileoscopia, e excluídos pacientes menores de 18 anos e os com ressecções intestinais prévias. A correlação foi avaliada utilizando-se o coeficiente kappa. RESULTADOS: Durante o período do estudo foram realizadas 5833 colonoscopias, das quais 3880 foram incluídas. Alterações ileais foram observadas em 206 casos, com 2,94% sendo clinicamente significativo. Cento e sessenta e três biópsias foram avaliadas, resultando em coeficiente kappa entre patologistas de 0,067 e entre patologista e endoscopista de 0,141. CONCLUSÃO: Foi observado que a despeito da baixa concordância entre patologistas e endoscopistas, não houve mudança no desfecho clínico do paciente. Esse estudo confirma a importância do conhecimento dos achados anatomopatológicos principais das ileítes entre patologistas e endoscopias, fazendo o melhor diagnóstico e seguimento.

Ileítis terminal por Yersinia enterocolitica: diagnóstico diferencial con la enfermedad de Crohn en un varón de 12 años / Terminal ileitis due to Yersinia enterocolitica: differential diagnosis with Crohn ́s disease in a 12-year-old male

Yersinia enterocolitica es un bacilo Gram-negativo causante de infección intestinal en los humanos. Se presenta con diferentes cuadros clínicos que obligan a descartar una variedad de etiologías, lo cual, a veces, hace difícil alcanzar un diagnóstico correcto en forma oportuna.Se expone el caso de un varón adolescente con dolor en la fosa ilíaca derecha a partir de una ileítis terminal con hallazgos similares a la enfermedad de Crohn, que se diagnosticó, finalmente, como infección por Yersinia enterocolitica. Se destaca la utilidad de los diferentes métodos auxiliares empleados.

Yersinia enterocolitica is a gram-negative rod causing intestinal infection in humans. It shows different clinical pictures with many different etiologies to be ruled-out, which sometimes makes it difficult to reach a timely and correct diagnosis. We report the case of an adolescent boy presenting with right lower quadrant pain from terminal ileitis with endoscopic findings akin to Crohn ́s disease finally diagnosed as Yersinia enterocolitica, highlighting the usefulness of the different ancillary methods employed.

Ileítis como presentación de linfoma en síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich / Ileitis as presentation of lymphoma in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

El síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich (SWA) es un raro síndrome de inmunodeficiencia primaria ligado al cromosoma X que se asocia con aumento de incidencia de infecciones, trastornos autoinmunes y neoplasias. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 41 años con diagnóstico de síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich y cuadro de ileítis como forma de presentación de un síndrome linfoproliferativo. La ileítis, en el contexto del paciente, representa un problema clínico dado el gran número de diagnósticos diferenciales (enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, infecciones, neoplasias y enfermedades linfoproliferativas) por lo que suele requerir diagnóstico anatomopatológico y consideraciones particulares respecto al posterior tratamiento específico.

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is a rare X chromosome-linked primary immunodeficiency syndrome associated with an increased incidence of infections, autoimmune disorders and neoplasms. We present the case of a 41-year-old man with a diagnosis of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome with ileitis as a form of presentation of a lymphoproliferative syndrome. The ileitis, in the context of the patient, represents a clinical challenge given the large number of differential diagnoses (inflammatory bowel disease, infections, neoplasms and lymphoproliferative diseases), so it usually requires anatomopathological diagnosis and particular considerations regarding the subsequent specific treatment.

Abdominal ultrasonography with color Doppler analysis in the assessment of ileal Crohn's disease: comparison with magnetic resonance enterography

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Consistently defining disease activity remains a critical challenge in the follow-up of patients with Crohn's disease (CD). We investigated the potential applicability of abdominal ultrasonography with color Doppler (USCD) analysis for the detection of morphological alterations and inflammatory activity in CD. METHODS: Forty-three patients with CD ileitis/ileocolitis were evaluated using USCD analysis with measurements obtained on the terminal ileum and right colon. Sonographic parameters included wall thickening, stricture, hyperemia, presence of intra-abdominal mass, and fistulas. Patients were evaluated for the clinical activity (Harvey-Bradshaw Index [HBI]), fecal calprotectin (FC) and C-reactive protein (CRP). The USCD performance was assessed using magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) as a criterion standard. RESULTS: Most measurements obtained with USCD matched the data generated with MRE; however, the agreement improved in clinically active patients where sensitivity, positive predictive value, and accuracy were >80%, considering wall thickening and hyperemia. Complications such as intestinal wall thickening, stricture formation, and hyperemia, were detected in the USCD analysis with moderate agreement with MRE. The best agreement with the USCD analysis was obtained in regard to FC, where the sensitivity, positive predictive value, and accuracy were >70%. The overall performance of USCD was superior to that of HBI, FC and CRP levels, particularly when considering thickening, stricture, and hyperemia parameters. CONCLUSIONS: USCD represents a practical noninvasive and low-cost tool for evaluating patients with ileal or ileocolonic disease, particularly in clinically active CD. Therefore, USCD might become a useful asset in the follow-up of patients with CD.

Crohn's disease versus Yersinia enterocolitica infection - case report - a difficult differential diagnosis / Doença de Crohn's × Yersinia enterocolitica - um difícil diagnóstico diferencial - relato de caso

ABSTRACT The aim of this report is to present an unusual case of Crohn's disease affecting the terminal ileum; whose principal differential diagnosis was Yersinia enterolocolitica infection, as the histological features of the resected ileum was common to both diseases. We also describe how the infectious etiology was discarded and the implications for the patient follow-up.

RESUMO O objetivo desse relato é analisar um caso incomum de doença de Crohn, cujo diagnóstico diferencial, com possível infecção por Yersinia enterocilítica, foi dificultado pela presença de alterações histológicas das duas doenças. Descrevemos como foi realizada a exclusão de causas infecciosas e as implicações no acompanhamento do paciente.

Associação à positividade da Lawsonia intracellularis com a expressão clínico-patológica da infecção em suínos da região metropolitana de Bucaramanga (Santander, Colômbia) / Association to positivity of Lawsonia intracellularis with the clinical and pathologic expression of infection in swine from the metropolitan area of Bucaramanga (Santander, Colombia)

Porções de íleo terminal foram coletados de 100 suínos com sinais de doença gastrointestinal na área metropolitana de Bucaramanga, a fim de se estudar a eficiência do diagnóstico de enteropatia proliferativa suína (PPE) pela técnica de PCR aninha (PCRa) empregando sequências específicas (primers) para L. intracellularis: 16S ARN região (270pb) e sua correlação com achados clínicos e patológicos. Todas as amostras foram processadas para se determinar a associação entre positividade por PCR, os sinais clínicos, os achados de necropsia e as lesões histológicas. Cinquenta e seis por cento das amostras foram positivas para L. intracellularis pela PCRa. Só 2% exibiram resultados positivos pela técnica Warthin-Starry. Trinta e um de 100 animais com sinais de anorexia resultaram positivos para PCRa (P>0,05). Não houve associação (P<0,05) entre diarreia e queda no crescimento, bem como associação (P<0,05) entre achados anatomopatológicos e histológicos com PCRa positivas.(AU)

Fragments of terminal ileum were collected from 100 pigs at slaughter from Bucaramanga Metropolitan Area (Santander, Colombia), to study the efficacy of the diagnosis of porcine proliferative enterophaty (PPE) through the technique of nested polymerase chain reaction (PCRa), employing specific sequences (primers) for L. intracellularis: 16S ARN region (270pb) and his correlation with clinic and pathological findings. All samples were processed by standard histological methods and stained with a Warthin-Starry technique. All samples were processed to determinate the association between positive PCRa results, clinical signs and necropsy findings. 56% of the 100 samples were positive for L. intracellularis through PCRa technic. Only 2% exhibited positive results through Warthin-Starry technique. A total of 31 (100) animals with anorexic symptoms were associated with positive results from PCRa (P>,05). No associations (P<0.05) were observed between diarrhea and delayed growth. No associations (P<0.05) were observed between anatomopathological and histological findings with positive PCRa.(AU)

Coexistencia de colitis linfocítica y enteritis microscópica en pacientes con diarrea crónica / Concurrent lymphocytic colitis and microscopic enteritis in patients with chronic diarrhea

Introducción: Colitis linfocítica y enteritis microscópica son causas relativamente comunes de diarrea crónica y ambas se caracterizan por un infiltrado linfocitico intraepitelial. No existen reportes previos de la coexistencia de ambas entidades. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas e histológicas de los pacientes que presentan este diagnóstico simultáneamente. Material y métodos: Se seleccionaron pacientes adultos con diarrea crónica que tuvieran biopsia simultánea de colon y duodeno tomados el mismo día, durante los años 2010-2016, en el Servicio de Gastroenterología del Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión. Se recopiló información clínica del archivo de historias. Las láminas fueron reevaluadas histológicamente por 3 patólogos. Se realizó estudio inmunohistoquímico de linfocitos intraepiteliales para CD8 y CD3 en 6 casos. Resultados: De 63 pacientes con diarrea crónica y biopsia simultánea de duodeno y colon, se identificó un total de 35 pacientes (55,5%) con diagnóstico simultáneo de enteritis microscópica y colitis linfocítica, 80% fueron mujeres. Se identificó anemia en 28,5% de los pacientes e infestación por Blastocystis hominis en el 31,8.%. En enteritis microscópica, el promedio de linfocitos intraepiteliales con CD8 y CD3 fue 40%, mientras que, en colitis linfocítica, el promedio fue de 37,2% para CD3 y 29,2% para CD8. En 11 de los 35 casos, se pudo obtener biopsias de íleon que fueron diagnosticadas como ileitis linfocítica. En 9 casos se diagnosticó colitis eosinofílica asociada a colitis linfocítica. Conclusión: Se encontró coexistencia de colitis linfocítica, enteritis microscópica y en algunos de ileitis linfocítica en un 55,5% pacientes con diarrea crónica con biopsia duodenal y colónica. Estos resultados abren la interrogante sobre si colitis linfocítica y enteritis microscópica son entidades diferentes o constituyen una sola patología que en algunos pacientes afecta varios segmentos del tubo digestivo.

Introduction: Lymphocytic colitis and microscopic enteritis are relatively common causes of chronic diarrhea and it is characterized by an intraepithelial lymphocytic infiltrate. There have been no previous reports of coexistence between these 2 pathologies. Objective: To describe histological and clinical characteristic in patients with coexistence of lymphocytic colitis and microscopic enteritis. Material and methods: All cases with simultaneous diagnosis of lymphocytic duodenosis and lymphocytic colitis were reevaluated during lapse time 2010-2016 in hospital Daniel Carrion. The slides were reviewed by 3 pathologists and clinical information was obtained from clinical records. Expression of CD3 and CD8 was detected in 6 cases by immunohistochemical assays. Results: A total of 35 patients with coexistence of lymphocytic duodenitis and lymphocytic colitis were selected of the pathology archives, 80% were females, Anemia was identified in 28.5% of patients. Blastocysitis hominis infestation was identified in 31.8%. The mean intraepithelial lymphocyte CD8 and CD3 positive was 40% in microscopic enteritis, while the mean intraepithelial lymphocyte CD3 positive was 37.2% and CD8 positive was 29.2% Additionally, lymphocytic ileitis was diagnosed in 11 of our cases. Eosinophilic colitis was diagnosed in 9 cases of lymphocytic colitis Conclusion: We found that lymphocytic colitis, microscopic enteritis and even lymphocytic ileitis can coexist in a group of patients with chronic diarrhea. These findings bring the question if this concurrence of both pathologies constituted a more generalized gastrointestinal disorder, involving both the large and the small intestines.

Enfermedad de Crohn ileal. Reporte de un caso / Ileal Crohn's Disease. A case report

El término Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal (EII) incluye a un grupo de entidades clínicas que se caracterizan por ser procesos inflamatorios crónicos de etiología desconocida, y afectar primordialmente, aunque no de forma exclusiva, al intestino. Actualmente se reconocen varias entidades que se engloban en este concepto: Colitis Ulcerosa (CU), Enfermedad de Crohn (EC), Colitis Inclasificada (CI), Colitis Microscópica (CM) y Reservoritis (Pouchitis). La Enfermedad de Crohn puede afectar a cualquier tramo del intestino, siendo la localización más frecuente la Ileal y Colónica en forma simultánea. El proceso inflamatorio en la EC es transmural y sus síntomas fundamentales son la diarrea generalmente crónica y/o el dolor abdominal. Presentamos el caso de una mujer joven con una EC que compromete exclusivamente al ileon terminal, en la que se realizó el diagnóstico de EC ileal por la clínica, la endoscopía y la anatomía patológica, que respondió satisfactoriamente a la terapéutica instaurada, y se revisa el concepto de la EC con énfasis en su diagnóstico.

The term Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) includes a group of clinical entities that are characterized by chronic inflammatory processes of unknown etiology, and primarily, but not exclusively, affecting the intestine. Currently, several entities are included in this concept: Ulcerative Colitis (UC), Crohn's Disease (CD), Unclassified Colitis (UC), Microscopic Colitis (CM) and Reservoritis (Pouchitis). Crohn's Disease can affect any part of the intestine, with the most frequent location being ileal and colonic simultaneously. The inflammatory process in CD is transmural and its fundamental symptoms are usually chronic diarrhea and/or abdominal pain. We present the case of a young woman with a CD that exclusively compromises the terminal Ileon, in whom the diagnosis of ileal CD was performed with the clinical data, the endoscopic procedure and the pathological study, who responded satisfactorily to the established therapy, and the concept of CD with an emphasis on its diagnosis is reviewed.

Terapêutica da ileíte na doença de Crohn / Therapeutics of ileitis in Crohn's disease

A doença de Crohn (DC) é uma afecção inflamatória, sistêmica e recidivante que afeta o trato gastrointestinal e frequentemente cursa com dor abdominal, diarreia com muco e/ou sangue, febre, perda de peso, presença de fístulas e manifestações extraintestinais. A seleção do regime terapêutico apropriado pode ser complexa, e depende do grau de atividade inflamatória, da localização, do comportamento da doença, do balanço entre a potência da droga e eventos adversos, da resposta prévia ao tratamento e da presença de manifestações extraintestinais ou complicações

Crohn's disease is a relapsing systemic inflammatory disease, mainly affecting the gastrointestinal tract, and frequently presents with abdominal pain, diarrhoea with passage of blood or mucus, fever, weight loss, fistulas and extraintestinal symptoms. Selecting the appropriate regimen for an individual patient, however, can be complex because it needs to take into account the activity, localization, and behavior of the disease, the balance between drug potency and adverse events, previous response to treatment, and the presence of extraintestinal manifestations or complications

Efficacy of a commercial live attenuated Lawsonia intracellularis vaccine in a large scale field trial in Korea

PURPOSE: Porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE) is known as one of the most important risk factors causing economic losses in swine industry worldwide. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a commercial oral attenuated Lawsonia intracellularis vaccine (Enterisol Ileitis) against PPE under a commercial pig farm condition in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty two-day-old 672 piglets were randomly allocated into vaccinated and control groups. All piglets in the vaccinated group were inoculated with a commercial attenuated L. intracellularis vaccine as following the manufacturer's instruction. Body weights of all pigs in both groups were measured on the vaccination day and 6, 14, and 20 weeks post vaccination and an average daily weight gain (ADWG) was calculated. Health status was observed biweekly during the whole trial. RESULTS: The vaccinated group showed significantly higher body weight (p<0.05) and ADWG (p<0.05) than those of the control group. The vaccinated group had significantly reduced impairments in activity, growth, defecation frequency, and stool hardness (p<0.05). Additional health benefits and improved weight gain by the vaccination produced a 4.2:1 return of investment, and the higher gross margin was $4.80 per pig. CONCLUSION: Our finding suggests that the L. intracellularis vaccine program has effects on the substantial health and economic benefits in the Korean swine industry.

Ileitis tras ileostomía / Bleeding ileitis following ileostomy

Background: The incidence of ileitis following ileostomy is 5 percent. Material and Method: We report a 79 years old male with a sigmoid cancer presenting with an intestinal obstruction. Results: Patient required a subtotal colectomy, leaving a terminal ileostomy in the right lower flank. Three days after the intervention, the patient had a profuse bleeding through the ileostomy. An emergency endoscopy showed multiple bleeding ulcers in the ileostomy. The patient did not respond to medical treatment and required a new intervention, excising 20 cm of distal ileum and performing a new ileostomy. The pathological study of the excised segment showed multiple superficial ulcers with abundant inflammatory cells.

Introducción: La ileitis tras ileostomía es una entidad poco frecuente, pero que conlleva una importante morbilidad. Objetivo: Describir un caso de ileitis postileostomía sin respuesta al tratamiento médico y revisar la literatura sobre el tema. Material y Método: Presentamos el caso de un varón de 79 años con sangrado agudo por ileostoma tras colectomía subtotal. Resultados: Tras fracaso de la terapia médica fue necesario realizar resección de segmento de íleon terminal afecto. Conclusiones: Se debe pensar en ileitis postileostomía en caso de ileostomías muy productivas o ileorragias y comenzar tratamiento esteroideo temprano y realizar ileoscopia precoz. La cirugía se reserva para aquellos casos en los que no es eficaz el tratamiento médico.

Outcome of total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis / 대한외과학회지

PURPOSE: We evaluated the risk factors for late complications and functional outcome after total proctocolectomy (TPC) with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: Pre- and postoperative clinical status and follow-up data were obtained for 55 patients who underwent TPC with IPAA between 1999 and 2010. The median follow-up duration was 4.17 years. Late complications were defined as those that appeared at least one month after surgery. For a functional assessment, telephone interviews were conducted using the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. Twenty-eight patients completed the interview. RESULTS: Late complications were found in 20 cases (36.3%), comprising pouchitis (n = 8), bowel obstruction (n = 5), ileitis (n = 3), pouch associated fistula (n = 2), and intra-abdominal infection (n = 2). The preoperative serum albumin level for patients with late complications was lower than for patients without (2.4 +/- 0.5 vs. 2.9 +/- 0.7, P = 0.04). Functional outcomes were not significantly associated with clinical characteristics, follow-up duration, operation indication, or late complications. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that a low preoperative albumin level could be a risk factor for late complications of TPC with IPAA. Preoperative nutritional support, especially albumin, could reduce late complications. Functional outcomes are not related to late complications.

A Case of Salmonella Typhi Complicating Acute Appendicitis Proven by Gene STY0312 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) / 감염과화학요법

Typhoid fever frequently manifests as gastrointestinal complications, such as ileitis or colitis, but appendicitis is quite rare. A 37-year-old man was admitted due to abdominal pain, fever and diarrhea. Two weeks before admission, he underwent an appendectomy. The blood culture upon admission revealed Salmonella Typhi. A polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was performed on the tissue of the vermiform appendix and the STY0312 gene of S. Typhi was detected. This is the first case of acute appendicitis complicated with typhoid fever proven by PCR in Korea.

Clinical Significance of Erosive or Ulcerative Lesions Isolated in Terminal Ileum

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although terminal ileal erosive or ulcerative lesions are frequently observed on colonoscopic examination, their clinical significance are unclear. We evaluated clinical course and significance of isolated terminal ileal erosive or ulcerative lesions. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed clinical features, number, size and histologic findings of 186 patients with isolated terminal ileal erosive or ulcerative lesions on colonoscopic examination from December 2003 to February 2012. RESULTS: The indications for colonoscopy included screening for colorectal cancer or surveillance in 122 patients (65.6%), evaluations for symptoms in 64 patients (34.4%). Of the 186 patients, 170 underwent biopsy at the terminal ileal lesions. Histologic findings were mostly non-specific chronic inflammation except two cases of Crohn's disease, one case of cytomegalovirus ileitis, and one case of intestinal tuberculosis. Forty six patients underwent follow-up colonoscopy and the mean duration was 17.8+/-14.2 months (range, 1-64 months). Of those who showed non-specific ileitis (44 patients), 35 (79.5%) showed resolution of lesions without specific treatment. In the remaining 9 (20.5%) patients, lesions were continued and two patients were diagnosed as Crohn's disease and Behcet's ileitis, respectively. There were no significant differences in the duration of follow-up, presence of symptoms, number and size of terminal ileal lesions between the patients who resolved and not resolved. CONCLUSIONS: Most isolated terminal ileal erosive or ulcerative lesions reveal non-specific histological findings and have a propensity to resolve without treatment. However, in small portions of patients, isolated terminal ileal lesions need careful attention because it is possible to be early inflammatory bowel diseases.

The Prevalence of Yersinia Infection in Adult Patients with Acute Right Lower Quadrant Pain / 대한소화기학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Clinical manifestations of intestinal yersiniosis include enterocolitis, mesenteric adenitis, and terminal ileitis presenting with fever, right lower quadrant pain, and leukocytosis. According to a previous Korean study in 1997, Yersinia was revealed in two among 15 adult patients with mesenteric adenitis (13%). However, recent reports on the prevalence of Yersinia infection in adult patients are few. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Yersinia infection in adult patients with acute right lower quadrant pain. METHODS: Adult patients (>18 years) who visited Eulji medical center, due to acute right lower quadrant pain were enrolled prospectively from December 2007 to July 2009. Abdominal CT, stool culture, serologic test for Yersinia, and Widal test were performed. RESULTS: Among 115 patients, 5 patients were excluded due to positive Widal test or salmonella culture. In 110 patients, abdominal CT showed right colitis in 20 (18.2%), terminal ileitis in 16 (14.5%), mesenteric adenitis in 13 (11.8%), acute appendicitis in 10 (9.1%), acute diverticulitis in 7 (6.4%), non specific mucosal edema in 36 (32.7%) and no specific lesion in 8 (7.3%). Two (1.8%) of the 110 patients had antibodies to Yersinia. One patient showed acute enteritis and the other patient was diagnosed with acute appendicitis and underwent appendectomy. No Yersinia species were grown on stool or tissue culture. CONCLUSIONS: Nowadays, among adult Korean patients presenting with acute right lower quadrant pain, there have been few incidences of Yersinia infection.

Chronic Non-granulomatous Ulcerative Jejunoileitis Assessed by Wireless Capsule Endoscopy / 대한소화기학회지

Chronic non-granulomatous jejunoileitis is a rare disease characterized by malabsorption, abdominal pain, and diarrhea that causes shallow ulcers in the small bowel. The etiology of chronic non-granulomatous jejunolieitis remains unknown. A 69-year-old man complained of abdominal pain and lower extremity edema. A 99m-Tc albumin scan showed increased radioactivity at the left upper quadrant, suggesting protein-losing enteropathy. A small bowel follow-through did not disclose any lesions. Wireless capsule endoscopy revealed several small bowel ulcers and strictures. A jejunoileal segmentectomy with end-to-end anastomosis was performed, and the histologic examination revealed non-granulomatous ulcers with focal villous atrophy. Ruling out all other possible diagnoses, we diagnosed our patient with chronic non-granulomatous ulcerative jejunoileitis. Postoperatively, the patient's abdominal pain and lower extremity edema improved, and the serum albumin normalized. This is the first case of chronic non-granulomatous ulcerative jejunoileitis localized by wireless capsule endoscopy and treated successfully with segment resection.

Evaluation of the immunoexpression of COX-1, COX-2 and p53 in Crohn's disease / Avaliação da imunoexpressão de COX-1, COX-2 e p53 na doença de Crohn

BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease accompanied by nonspecific or idiopathic ulcerative proctocolitis corresponds to a condition called intestinal inflammatory disease. The immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in Crohn's disease becomes more marked with progression of the disease and the presence of wild-type p53 suppresses the transcription of COX-2. AIMS: To investigate the immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1), COX-2 and p53 in Crohn's ileocolitis and to correlated this expression with clinical and histopathological parameters. METHODS: Forty-five cases of Crohn's disease, 16 cases of actinic colitis (diseased-control group) and 11 cases without a history of intestinal disease (normal control group) were studied. Hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections were submitted to histopathological analysis and the immunohistochemical expression of COX-1, COX-2 and p53 was evaluated by the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method. RESULTS: Sixty percent of the Crohn's disease patients were women and 40 percent were men, with 75.5 percent whites and 25.5 percent non-whites. The disease involved the terminal ileum in 44.5 percent of cases, ileum in 33.3 percent, colon in 20 percent and duodenum-ileum in 2.2 percent. A significant association was observed between COX-2 immunoreactivity and age <40 years. Histopathological analysis of Crohn's disease samples showed mild or moderate crypt distortion (57.8 percent and 35.6 percent of cases), atrophy (6.6 percent), mild, moderate and marked chronic inflammation (46.7 percent, 26.7 percent and 20 percent), acute inflammatory activity (93.3 percent), ulceration (24.4 percent), mucin depletion (37.8 percent), Paneth's cells (24.4 percent), intraepithelial lymphocytes (93.3 percent), and subepithelial collagen (6.7 percent). In the CD group, COX-1 immunoreactivity in epithelial and inflammatory cells was observed in 26.7 percent and 22.2 percent of cases, respectively. COX-2 immunoreactivity was detected...

RACIONAL: A doença de Crohn, junto com a colite ulcerativa idiopática ou inespecífica constituem a doença inflamatória intestinal. A imunoexpressão de ciclooxigenase 2 (COX-2) na doença de Crohn acentua-se com a progressão da doença, enquanto que a presença do tipo selvagem de p53 suprime a transcrição de COX-2. OBJETIVOS: Investigar a imunoexpressão de ciclooxigenase 1 (COX-1), COX-2 e p53 na doença de Crohn e correlacionar os achados com parâmetros clínico-histopatológicos. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 45 casos de doença de Crohn (grupo teste), 16 casos de colite actínica (grupo controle-doente) e 11 casos sem história de doença intestinal (grupo controle normal). A avaliação histopatológica foi feita com lâminas coradas pela hematoxilina-eosina e a imunoexpressão de COX-1, COX-2 e p53 foi avaliada por imunoistoquímica, pelo método da estrepto-avidina-biotina-peroxidase. RESULTADOS: Entre os pacientes com doença de Crohn, 60 por cento eram do sexo feminino e 40 por cento do masculino, 75,5 por cento brancos e 25,5 por cento não-brancos. A doença comprometia o íleo terminal em 44,5 por cento dos casos, íleo em 33,3 por cento, cólon em 20 por cento e duodeno-íleo em 2,2 por cento. Associação significante foi detectada entre a imunoexpressão de COX-2 e pacientes com <40 anos. A histopatologia dos casos de doença de Crohn mostrou distorção críptica em grau leve ou moderado (57,8 por cento e 35,6 por cento dos casos), atrofia (6,6 por cento), inflamação focal, difusa superficial e difusa transmural (46,7 por cento, 26,7 por cento e 20 por cento), inflamação aguda neutrofílica (93,3 por cento), alterações epiteliais: ulceração (24,4 por cento), depleção de mucina (37,8 por cento), células de Paneth (24,4 por cento); alterações epiteliais associadas: linfócitos intra-epiteliais (93,3 por cento) e colágeno subepitelial (6,7 por cento). No grupo doença de Crohn, imunoexpressão de COX-1, em células epiteliais e inflamatórias foi observada em 26,7...

Characterization of Crohn’s disease patients in Maringá region

Crohn’s disease is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, and its source of manifestation has not been clarified yet. Thus, the present work had as objective to describe Crohn’s disease patients in Maringá region - Paraná state, and also, to describe their social, demographic and clinic characters as well. Seven patients with Crohn’s Disease, diagnosed on the basis of accepted clinical, radiological, endoscopic, and pathologic criteria, and resident in the studied area, were recruited from ABCD centre in Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil. Patients were asked to fill up a standardized survey including questions related to demographic, social and clinical issues. Approximately 71.428% of patients were Caucasian, being 57.142 por cento of them Italian descendants, and apparently without Jewish inheritance. Nobody presented inflammatory bowel diseases heritage or either smoking habit. The terminal ileum was the portion of the gastrointestinal tract more affected, corresponding to 71.42 por cento of the patients. Clinical and demographic characteristics were similar to previous studies, aside from the patients that weren’t tobacco user and did not present Jewish heritage.

Perforated appendicitis presenting with ileo-caecal ulceration and mechanical intestinal obstruction.

A 30-year-old lady presented with a 6-month history of recurrent partial intestinal obstruction associated with intermittent fever, anorexia and weight loss. Barium meal follow-through and colonoscopic evaluation suggested ulceration of the ileum and caecum with small bowel obstruction. Histology of the lesions showed marked acute and chronic inflammation consistent with ulceration and granulation tissue. Abdominal CT revealed circumferential thickening of the ascending colon, caecum and terminal ileum with extraluminal air pockets. Surgical exploration revealed a large conglomerate mass involving the terminal ileum, caecum and ascending colon. Histopathology of the resected specimen revealed perforated appendix with nonspecific ulceration of the surrounding bowel. She recovered completely after surgery and did not suffer from gastrointestinal symptoms in the 14 months of follow-up.

A Case of Terminal Ileitis Caused by Ascaris lumbricoides / 대한소화기내시경학회지

The major causes of terminal ileitis are inflammatory bowel disease and NSAIDs but parasites such as Anisakis rarely induce ileitis. Ascaris lumbricoides, the most common intestinal helminth in Korea, may enter the pancreaticobiliary ducts and cause pancreatitis or cholangitis. However, no case of A. lumbricoides-associated terminal ileitis has been previously reported in Korea. We report a case of a 58-year-old woman who presented with epigastric discomfort and bloating, and was diagnosed with terminal ileitis due to A. lumbricoides detected during colonoscopy.