Bacteroides fragilis endocarditis: a case report and review of literature

Endocarditis due to Bacteroides fragilis is a rare disorder. This article describes a case of Bacteroides fragilis endocarditis associated with portal and superior mesenteric venous thrombosis in a patient without preexisting valvular heart disease and review the cases of endocarditis due to this anaerobic bacterium in medical literature since 1980.

Community periodontal index of treatment needs index: An indicator of anaerobic periodontal infection.

Background : Community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) index is commonly used to measure periodontal disease. It's uniqueness, apart from assessing the periodontal status, also gives the treatment needs for the underlying condition. Benzoyl-DL-arginine napthylamide (BANA) test is a chair side diagnostic test used to detect the presence of putative periodontal pathogens. We correlated the CPITN scores of patients with BANA test results to assess the validity of CPITN as an indicator of anaerobic periodontal infection. Objectives : The present study was aimed to correlate the CPITN scores with the BANA activity of subgingival plaque. The objective was to assess the validity of CPITN index as indicator of anaerobic periodontal infection. Patients and Methods : A total of 80 sites were selected from 20 patients with generalized chronic periodontitis. After measuring the probing depth with CPITN C probe, the highest score from each sextant was selected according to the CPITN criteria and subgingival plaque samples were collected using a sterile curette and the BANA test was performed. Results : Kendall's tau-b and Chi- square test were used to assess the correlation between the BANA test results and CPITN scores. Results indicated sensitivity (92.86%), specificity (80%) and agreement (91.25%); indicating the validity of CPITN in assessing anaerobic infection. Conclusion : There was a significant correlation between BANA test results and scores 3 and score 4 of CPITN index (P < 0.001) clearly indicating the presence of anaerobic periodontal infection.

Detecçäo de bacterioides forsythus em dez casos de infecçäo endodôntica pelo método da polymerase chain reaction / Polymerase chain reaction of bacteroides forsythus in ten cases of endodontic infection

Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar dez casos de infecçäo endodôntica onde foi detectada a ocorrência da espécie bacteriana Bacteroides forsythus. Após coleta do material, a identificaçäo desta espécie foi realizada através do método da Reaçäo em Cadeia da Polimerase (Polymerase Chain Reaction - PCR). Nossos resultados indicaram que o B. forsythus pode ser um componente da microbiota presente em canais radiculares infectados, podendo estar associado à etiologia de lesöes perirradiculares

Valor diagnóstico y pronóstico del cultivo del líquido amniótico, cultivo endocervical, interleukinas y glucosa en líquido amniótico, y lesiones placentarias en el parto prematuro / Diagnosis and prognosis value of the amniotic fluid culture, endocervical culture, interleukines and glucose in amniotic fluid, and placental injuries in the premature labor

Objetivos: Evidencias crecientes sugieren una asociación entre la infección subclínica del tracto genital superior y el PP espontáneo. Con el objetivo de: a) estudiar la prevalencia de gérmenes en LA y endocervix; b) lesiones inflamatorias placentarias; c) evaluar el valor predictivo de IL-1, TNF, IL-6 y glucosa en LA para el período latente y el PP y d) investigar la asociación con infección del RN, a 44 embarazadas con PP sin RPM se extrajo LA por amniocentesis e hisopado del endocervix. Material y métodos: se cultivó para bacterias aerobias y anaerobias, hongos, Mycoplasmas, Ureaplasma, Chlamydia y Trichomonas. ILs se dosaron por ELISA y glucosa por glucosa-oxidasa; los resultados se analizaron por curvas ROC. Resultados: La incidencia de cultivos positivos en LA y endocervix fue 5.2 por ciento (2/44) y 66 por ciento (29/44) respectivamente (p<0.01). El PP se asoció en el 8 por ciento (2/25) con gérmenes en LA (OR 1.6, IC 1.25-2.07). IL-6 fue la más elevada en PP (med.70 pg/ml vs 12 pg/ml en >37 sem, p=0.253, U test). IL-6 fue el mejor predictor del período latente <7 días (cutoff >37 mg/dl, espec. 69.2 por ciento, VPP 75 por ciento; área 0.11 + 0.091, p=0.226). En el 68 por ciento de las placentas de PP se hallaron lesiones inflamatorias agudas; un RN (2.3 por ciento) presentó sepsis por St. viridans. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados muestran una baja asociación entre PP y el aislamiento de gérmenes en LA; la elevada concentración de IL-6, cultivos positivos endocervicales y lesiones placentarias sugieren que la infección contribuye al PP.

Bacterias anaeróbicas como agentes etiológicos de infecciones en el ganado vacuno / Anaerobic bacteria as etiology agent in infections in the cattle

Se estudiaron 14 muestras clínicas provenientes de ganado vacuno de las Haciendas El Joque y La Atalaya, Mérida, con el propósito de aislar bacterias anaeróbicas involucradas en procesos infecciosos que afectan al ganado y que muchas veces son causas de pérdida económicas en las explotaciones lecheras de la región. En 11 casos, de los 14 estudiados, se aislaron bacterias anaeróbicas. Fusobacterium necrophorum fue el micro-organismo anaerobio más frecuente aislado, asociado con otras bacterias anaeróbicas y facultativas anaerobias como Corynebacterium (Actinomyces) pyogenes. Bacteroides pigmentados fue aislado de los casos de pododermatitis estudiados, Clostridium perfrigens de un cuadro clínico de enterotexemia fulminante en un becerro y Actinomyces sp de muestras clínicas de un absceso en la región cervical de uno de los ejemplares estudiados. Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten presumir que probablemente la incidencia de estas infecciones por bacterias anaeróbicas sea alta y que muchas veces pueden pasar desapercibidas si no se hace un diagnóstico micro-biológico. Por lo tanto, es de gran interés para el veterinario tener conocimiento de estas infecciones para prevenirlas y controlarlas

Inflammatory aortic aneurysm: a case report and review of literatures.

A case of an uncommon variant of aortic aneurysm, inflammatory type, is reported. A 51-year-old Thai male presented with a pulsatile abdominal mass associated with pain. Ultrasonography demonstrated infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm preoperatively and operative findings revealed dense fibrous tissue around the lesion. Serological tests for syphilis and bacteriological studies of aneurysm contents were all negative. Aneurysmorrhaphy was done, using Dacron straight graft, and two serious complications developed at six and two months interval: aortocolonic and aortoduodenal fistulae. However, the patient survived the three operations. Definite diagnosis of inflammatory aortic aneurysm was confirmed by typical pathological findings. Clinical presentations, operative and pathological findings were compared to previous literature.

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay & indirect fluorescence assay for rapid diagnosis of Bacteroides fragilis infections.

Antibodies for B. fragilis (NCTC 9343) were detected in sera of 121 patients and 37 controls using four methods viz., enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect fluorescence test (JFA), countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) and indirect haemagglutination test (IHA). Of 121 patients, 57 were culture positive for B. fragilis, 38 positive for anaerobes other than B. fragilis and 26 were negative for anaerobes. In the B. fragilis culture positive group, antibodies to B. fragilis were positive in 82.5, 84.2, 85.90 and 91.2 per cent patients by CIE, ELISA, IHA and IFA respectively. In B. fragilis positive patients IFA was more sensitive than IHA, which for other groups IHA was found to be more sensitive than IFA. When all groups were taken together IHA was found more sensitive than IFA. ELISA and IFA tests are recommended for rapid serological diagnosis of B. fragilis infections, where facilities for these tests are not available, CIE and IHA could be done. Cross reactivity with other Gram negative anaerobic and aerobic bacteria should be kept in mind since seropositivity varied for B. fragilis (82-91%). In infections with microbes other than B. fragilis seropositivity varied between 23.7 to 63.2 per cent and in patients having cultures sterile or positive for other organisms seropositivity was 30.8 to 42.3 per cent. This nonspecificity could be due to other antigens that cross react between B. fragilis and other anaerobes and aerobes or the use of an antigen lacking high purity.

Detection of Bacteroides infection by counter immunoelectrophoresis test.

The counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) test using sonicated antigens of Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 2553 and a B. asaccharolyticus strain, standardised in the laboratory yielded a negative result in the 50 normal sera tested, while it was positive in 24 of 34 (71%) patients with infection due to black pigmented bacteroides and in 10 of 15 (67%) with B. fragilis infection. The microagglutination test (MAT) done in parallel showed a positivity of only 44 and 40 per cent respectively. The CIE test done with B. asaccharolyticus antigen was negative in 87 per cent of patients with infection due to B. fragilis whereas MAT showed cross reactivity to a greater extent.