Neighborhood environmental factors associated with leisure walking in adolescents

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To verify the associations of leisure walking with perceived and objective measures of neighborhood environmental factors stratified by gender and socioeconomic status (SES) in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional study with a random sample of 1,130 high school students (47.3% girls; aged 14 to 20 years old) from Porto Alegre, Brazil. Leisure walking and SES were self-reported by the adolescents. Perceived environmental factors were assessed through Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale for Youth (NEWS-Y). Objective measures were evaluated using Geographic Information Systems, with road network calculated around the adolescent's residential address, using 0.5km and 1.0km buffers. Data collection was carried out in 2017 and generalized linear regression models were used. RESULTS Leisure walking was positively associated with access to services (0.5 km buffers [Odds ratio (OR) = 2.22] 1.0 km buffers [OR = 2.17]) and lower distance to parks and squares (0.5 km [OR=2.80] 1.0 km [OR = 2.73]) in girls from low SES. Residential density (0.5 km [OR = 1.57] 1.0 km [OR = 1.54]) and walkability index (0.5 km [OR = 1.17] 1.0 km [OR = 1.20]) were associated with leisure walking in girls from middle SES. Boys from low SES showed an inverse association between crime safety and leisure walking (0.5 km [OR = 0.59] 1.0 km [OR = 0.63]). Neighborhood recreation facilities was positively associated with leisure walking in middle SES (0.5 km [OR = 1.55] 1.0 km [OR = 1.60]). Land use mix (0.5 km [OR = 1.81] 1.0 km [OR = 1.81]), neighborhood recreation facilities (0.5 km [OR = 2.32] 1.0 km [OR = 2.28]) and places for walking (0.5 km [OR=2.07] 1.0 km [OR=2.22]) were positively associated with leisure walking in high SES. CONCLUSION Environmental factors (objectively and subjectively measured) and leisure walking show association in boys and girls of different SES.

Estádio do Maracanã: um estudo comparativo entre as representações sociais dos torcedores sobre o antigo e o novo lugar do futebol / The Maracanã Stadium: a comparative study between fans' social representations about football's old and new place / Estadio del Maracanã: un estudio comparativa entre las representaciones sociales de los inchas sobre el antiguo y el nuovo sitio del fútbol

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar as representações sociais de torcedores sobre o estádio do Maracanã antes e após a reforma de 2010. A metodologia utilizada foi da análise prototípica. Percebemos que a estrutura do núcleo central e o sistema periférico sofreram algumas alterações em sua composição em função do novo espaço do futebol, que impôs novas práticas e comportamentos ao torcedor

Using prototypical analysis, this study compares football fans' social representations about the Maracanã stadium before and after its 2010 remodeling. It found that the structures of the core and the peripheral system have undergone some changes in their composition due to the new space occupied by football, which imposed new practices and behaviors to fans

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar las representaciones sociales de los aficionados del estadio Maracanã antes y después de la reforma de 2010. La metodología utilizada fue el análisis prototípica. Damonos cuenta de que la estructura del núcleo y del sistema periférico han sido objeto de algunos cambios en su composición debido al nuevo espacio del fútbol, que imponía nuevas prácticas y comportamientos para los aficionados