IL-10 Cytokine as Potential Biomarkers in Women with Fibromyalgia Who Underwent to a Short Balneotherapy Treatment

Abstract Fibromyalgia (FM) is a nonarticular rheumatic syndrome that leads to diffuse myalgia, sleep disturbances and morning stiffness. Balneotherapy has been shown an effective strategy to improve the health conditions of patients; however, the treatment follow-up is based on patient report due to the lack of biomarkers. Thus, this study evaluated the application of cytokines and phosphoglycerate mutase I (PGAM-I) to monitoring FM patient underwent to balneotherapy treatment. Eleven healthy and eleven women with FM were submitted to daily sessions of balneotherapy during 10 days. Clinical and quality of life parameters were assessed through a FIQ questionnaire. Blood levels of TNF-(, interleukins (IL-1, IL-2 and IL-10) and PGAM-I expression in patients' saliva were also evaluated. Patients with FM showed significant improvements in their clinical status after treatment. Also, FM patients has IL-10 levels lower than healthy women and the balneotherapy increased the expression of this cytokine in both groups, concomitantly to pain relief. Although inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-2 and TNF-() were more expressed in FM patients than healthy patients their levels did not reduce after treatment. A slight increase of PGAM-I expression was observed. In conclusion, IL-10 levels could be a useful biomarker to balneotherapy follow-up of FM patients. However, these findings must be analyzed in a larger number of patients in order to validate IL-10 as an effective biomarker.

Clinical Observation of the Efficacy of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography on Elder Choledocholithiasis and Its Effects on the Levels of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: We conducted this study to investigate the clinical efficacy of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) on elder choledocholithiasis and its effects on the levels of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6. METHODS: Elder patients with choledocholithiasis were enrolled in this study, and according to the surgical methods, they were divided into the ERCP group and the surgical group. After treatment, we compared the efficacy of these two methods on patients, inflammatory responses indicated by the levels of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6, and the complications. RESULTS: No statistical significance was identified in the difference of the success rate in removal between the two groups (98% vs. 94%), but indicators of the ERCP group, including the surgical duration (28.5±12.8) min, remission duration of abdominal pain (1.2±0.2) d, recession time of jaundice (2.0±0.3) d, postoperative bedridden time (1.4±0.2) d, treatment time of the anti-infection (1.5±0.2) d, length of stay in hospital (6.5±0.3) d, levels of TNF-α (2.1±0.2) μg/L, IL-1 (6.3±0.8) μg/L, IL-6 (2.8±0.3) μg/L, and the incidence rate of complications (1.8%), were all significantly lower than those in the surgical group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In the treatment of choledocholithiasis, ERCP is excellent in controlling the trauma, accelerating the recovery duration, reducing the occurrence of complications and ameliorating the inflammatory responses. Thus, it is an ideal choice for choledocholithiasis.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: Realizamos este estudo para investigar a eficácia clínica da colangiopancreatografia retrógrada endoscópica (ERCP) na coledocolitíase idosa e seus efeitos nos níveis de TNF-α, IL-1 e IL-6. MÉTODOS: Pacientes idosos com coledocolitíase foram matriculados neste estudo. De acordo com os métodos cirúrgicos, eles foram divididos em grupo ERCP e grupo cirúrgico. Após o tratamento, comparamos a eficácia desses dois métodos em pacientes, respostas inflamatórias indicadas pelos níveis de TNF-α, IL-1 e IL-6 e as complicações. RESULTADOS: Não houve significância estatística na diferença da taxa de sucesso na remoção entre os dois grupos (98% versus 94%), mas indicadores do grupo ERCP, incluindo a duração cirúrgica (28,5 ± 12,8) min, duração da remissão da dor abdominal (1,2 ± 0,2) d, tempo de recessão de icterícia (2,0 ± 0,3) d, tempo pós-operatório (1,4 ± 0,2) d, tempo de tratamento da infecção (1,5 ± 0,2) d, duração da internação (6,5 ± 0,3) d, níveis de TNF-α (2,1 ± 0,2) μg / L, IL-1 (6,3 ± 0,8) μg / L, IL-6 (2,8 ± 0,3) μg / L e a taxa de incidência de complicações (1,8 %) foram todos significativamente inferiores aos do grupo cirúrgico (p<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: No tratamento da coledocolitíase, a ERCP é excelente no controle do trauma, acelerando a duração da recuperação, reduzindo a ocorrência de complicações e melhorando as respostas inflamatórias. Assim, é uma escolha ideal para a coledocolitíase.

Effects of baicalin on inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress and PKDl and NF-kB protein expressions in rats with severe acute pancreatitis

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effects of baicalin on inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress and protein kinase D1 (PKD1) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) protein expressions in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) rats. Methods: Sixty rats were divided into sham operation, model, and low-, medium- and high-dose baicalin group. SAP model was established in later 4 groups. The later 3 groups were injected with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 ml/100 g 5% baicalin injection, respectively. At 12 h, the serum SAP related indexes and inflammatory factors, peripheral blood CD3 and γδT cell percentages, wet/dry ratio and pancreas ascites volume, oxidative stress indexes and PKD1 and NF-κB protein expressions in pancreatic tissue were determined. Results: Compared with model group, in high-dose baicalin group the wet/dry ratio and ascites volume, serum amylase level, phospholipase A2 activity, TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 levels, and pancreatic malondialdehyde level and PKD1 and NF-κB protein expression were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and peripheral blood CD3 and γδT cell percentages and pancreatic superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Baicalin can resist the inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress, and down-regulate protein kinase D1 and nuclear factor-kappa B protein expressions, thus exerting the protective effects on severe acute pancreatitis in rats.

association between modulating inflammatory cytokines and constipation of geriatrics in Iran

Background: The effect of changes in intestinal microbiota on constipation is contraversial. Constipation is more prevalent in elderly. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess the role of modulating inflammatory cytokines in old age patients with constipation by evaluating the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha], interleukin 1 [IL-1], and interleukin 6 [IL-6]

Methods:This case-control study was done on 100 participants, aged 65 years or higher, with and without functional constipation according to ROME III criteria [50 participants in each group]. Baseline demographic, clinical characteristics, and serum levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1, and IL-6 were compared between the case and control groups. Independent t test and Chi-square test were used for analysis of data

Results:Mean levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1, and IL-6 were [666.80 +/- 101.40 pg/mL vs. 489.20 +/- 53.68 pg/mL, p < 0.001], [435.96 +/- 52.31 pg/mL vs. 296.44 +/- 45.50 pg/mL,p < 0.001] and ]438.18 +/- 59.57 pg/mL vs. 290.14 +/- 36.39 pg/mL,P < 0.001] in the case and control groups, respectively. A reverse correlation was found between the aging process and TNF-a [r = -0.26; p = 0.04], as well as IL-1 level [r = -0.41; p = 0.003] in the control group. A direct correlation was observed between the aging process and TNF-alpha [r = 0.40; p = 0.004] and IL-6 [r = 0.44; p = 0.002] levels in the case group

Conclusion: This study showed a significant association between the serum level of modulating inflammatory cytokines and age-related constipation in Iranian subjects. It seems that the serum level of modulating inflammatory cytokines can be affected by diversity and abundance in the gut microbiota. The role of diversity in microbial population and their abundance in gut must be evaluated in further studies

Tocotrienol supplementation in postmenopausal osteoporosis: evidence from a laboratory study

OBJECTIVE: Accelerated bone loss that occurs in postmenopausal women has been linked to oxidative stress and increased free radicals. We propose the use of antioxidants to prevent and reverse postmenopausal osteoporosis. This study aimed to examine the effects of tocotrienol, a vitamin E analog, on bone loss due to estrogen deficiency. Our previous study showed that tocotrienol increased the trabecular bone volume and trabecular number in ovariectomized rats. In the current study, we investigated the effects of tocotrienol supplementation on various biochemical parameters in a postmenopausal osteoporosis rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 32 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. The baseline group was sacrificed at the start of the study, and another group was sham operated. The remaining rats were ovariectomized and either given olive oil as a vehicle or treated with tocotrienol at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight. After four weeks of treatment, blood was withdrawn for the measurement of interleukin-1 (IL1) and interleukin-6 (IL6) (bone resorbing cytokines), serum osteocalcin (a bone formation marker) and pyridinoline (a bone resorption marker). RESULTS: Tocotrienol supplementation in ovariectomized rats significantly reduced the levels of osteocalcin, IL1 and IL6. However, it did not alter the serum pyridinoline level. CONCLUSION: Tocotrienol prevented osteoporotic bone loss by reducing the high bone turnover rate associated with estrogen deficiency. Therefore, tocotrienol has the potential to be used as an anti-osteoporotic agent in postmenopausal women. .

effects of Cosmos caudatus [Ulam Raja] supplementation on bone biochemical parameters in ovariectomized rats

Cosmos caudatus [ulam raja] contains high mineral content and possesses high antioxidant activity which may be beneficial in bone disorder such as postmenopausal osteoporosis. The effects of C. caudatus on bone metabolism biomarkers in ovariectomized rats were studied. 48 Sprague-Dawley rats aged three months were divided into 6 groups. One group of rats was sham-operated while the remaining rats were ovariectomized. The ovariectomized rats were further divided into 5 groups: the control, three groups force-fed with C. caudatus at the doses of 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg or 300mg/kg and another group supplemented with calcium 1% ad libitum. Treatments were given 6 days per week for a period of eight weeks. Blood samples were collected twice; before and after treatment. Parameters measured were bone resorbing cytokine; interleukin-1 and the bone biomarkers; osteocalcin and pyridinoline. Serum IL-1 and pyridinoline levels were significantly increased in ovariectomized rats. Supplementation of C. caudatus was able to prevent the increase of IL-1 and pyridinoline in ovariectomized rats. Besides that, C. caudatus showed the same effect as calcium 1% on biochemical parameters of bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats. In conclusion, Cosmos caudatus was as effective as calcium in preventing the increase in bone resorption in ovariectomized rats

Serum cytokine levels in patients with chronic low back pain due to herniated disc: analytical cross-sectional study / Concentrações plasmáticas de citocinas em pacientes com lombalgia crônica por hérnia de disco: estudo transversal analítico

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The role of immune response and proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of chronic pain has been of growing interest. In order to evaluate whether there is any association between disc herniation and elevated cytokine levels, we measured cytokine levels in patients with chronic low back pain and in healthy subjects. DESIGN AND SETTING: Analytical cross-sectional study at the Pain Clinic of Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). METHODS: Cytokine levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique on 23 patients with low back pain (G1) and on 10 healthy subjects (G2). RESULTS: The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha] (G1 = 5.6 ± 2.3 pg/ml; G2 = 1.6 ± 0.5 pg/ml; P = 0.01) and interleukin-6 [IL-6] (G1 = 4.1 ± 3.0 pg/ml; G2 = 0.9 ± 0.4 pg/ml; P = 0.01) were higher in G1. There were no statistically significant differences in relation to interleukin-1 [IL-1] (G1 = 0.5 ± 0.3 pg/ml; G2 = 0.5 ± 0.1 pg/ml; P = 1) or soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor [sTNF-R] (G1 = 572 pg/ml ± 36; G2 = 581 ± 50 pg/ml; P = 0.87). CONCLUSION: The patients with chronic low back pain due to disc herniation presented higher levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6, but not of IL-1 or sTNF-R.

CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: A função da resposta imunológica e das citocinas pró-inflamatórias na patogênese da dor crônica tem tido interesse crescente. Para avaliar se há correlação entre hérnia de disco e aumento de citocinas, foi medida a concentração de citocinas em pacientes com lombalgia crônica e em indivíduos sadios. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal analítico realizado na Clínica de Dor da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). MÉTODO: As concentrações de citocinas foram medidas pela técnica de ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) em 23 pacientes com lombalgia (G1) e 10 sadios (G2). RESULTADOS: As concentrações de fator-alfa de necrose tumoral [TNF-alpha] (G1 = 5.6 ± 2.3 pg/ml; G2 = 1.6 ± 0.5 pg/ml; P = 0,01) e interleucina-6 [IL-6] (G1 = 4.1 ± 3.0 pg/ml; G2 = 0.9 ± 0.4 pg/ml; P = 0,01) foram maiores no G1. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante para interleucina-1 [IL-1] (G1 = 0.5 ± 0.3 pg/ml; G2 = 0.5 ± 0.1 pg/ml; P = 1) e receptor solúvel do factor de necrose tumoral [sTNF-R] (G1 = 572 pg/ml ± 36; G2 = 581 ± 50 pg/ml; P = 0,87). CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes com lombalgia crônica por hérnia de disco apresentam concentrações maiores de TNF-alpha e IL-6, mas não de IL-1 ou sTNF-R.

The recurrence of leprosy reactional episodes could be associated with oral chronic infections and expression of serum IL-1, TNF-á, IL-6, IFN-ã and IL-10

The aim of this study was to determine whether the presence of leprosy reactional episodes could be associated with chronic oral infection. Thirty-eight leprosy patients were selected and divided into 2 groups: group I - 19 leprosy patients with oral infections, and group II - 19 leprosy patients without oral infections. Ten patients without leprosy, but presenting oral infections, were assigned to the control group. Leprosy patients were classified according to Ridley and Jopling classification and reactional episodes of the erythema nodosum type or reversal reaction were identified by clinical and histopathological features associated with serum IL-1, TNF-?, IL-6, IFN-? and IL-10 levels. These analyses were performed immediately before and 7 days after the oral infection elimination. Patients from group I presenting oral infections reported clinical improvement of the symptoms of reactional episodes after dental treatment. Serum IL-1, TNF-?, IL-6, IFN-? and IL-10 levels did not differ significantly before and after dental treatment as determined by the Wilcoxon test (p>0.05). Comparison of the 2 groups showed statistically significant differences in IL-1 and IL-6 at baseline and in IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10 on the occasion of both collections 7 days after therapy. Serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels in group I differed significantly at baseline compared to control (Mann-Whitney test; p<0.05). These results suggest that oral infection could be involved as a maintenance factor in the pathogenesis of leprosy reactional episodes.

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar se os episódios reacionais da hanseníase podem estar associados a infecções orais crônicas. Trinta e oito pacientes com hanseníase foram selecionados e divididos em dois grupos: grupo I & 19 pacientes com hanseníase apresentando infecções orais, e grupo II & 19 pacientes com hanseníase sem infecções orais. Os pacientes foram classificados, quanto à forma clínica da doença, de acordo com Ridley and Jopling, e os episódios reacionais, tipo eritema nodoso e reação reversa, foram identificados pelas características clínicas, histopatológicas associadas à quantificação no soro de IL-1, TNF-?, IL-6, IFN-? e IL-10. Estas analises foram realizadas imediatamente antes e 7 dias após a resolução dos focos de infecção. Pacientes do grupo I aprentando infecções orais relataram melhora clínica dos sintomas dos episódios reacionais após o tratamento odontológico. Os níveis séricos de IL-1, TNF-?, IL-6, IFN-? e IL-10 não diferiram significantemente antes e após o tratamento odontológico, como determinado pelo teste Wilcoxon (p>0,05). As comparações entre os grupos mostrou diferenças estatisticamente significantes nos níveis de IL-1 e IL-6 na coleta inicial e nos níveis de IL-1, IL-6 e IL-10 nas duas coletas 7 dias após o tratamento (teste Mann-Whitney; p<0,05). Estes resultados sugerem que infecções orais estão envolvidas na patogênese dos episódios reacionais da hanseníase, como fatores mantenedores.

Evolución del compromiso cardiovascular de pacientes insuficientes renales, en hemodiálisis, sin bloqueo del eje renina-angiotensina / Cardiovascular assessment of non diabetic patients on hemodialysis

Background: Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for cardiovascular complications among patients on hemodialysis. However, the incidence of these complications among non diabetic patients on hemodialysis is not well known. Aim: To assess the incidence of cardiovascular complications in non diabetic patients on hemodialysis. Patients and methods: Seventy five non diabetic patients aged 55.6 ± 17 years (48 males), receiving hemodialysis three times a week were evaluated with laboratory tests, echocardiogram anda carotid ultrasound. In 26 patients, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and intercellular adhesión molecule (ICAM-1) were also measured. Patients were followed during two years. Results: The mean lapse of dialysis therapy was 6.5 ±5 years. The main cause of renal failure was hypertension. Sixty two percent had systolic hypertension, 86 percent had concentric left ventricular hypertrophy, 43 percent had atrial dilatation and 60 percent had calcifications in the thoracic aorta. Compared with normal controls, patients had higher levels of interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and ICAM-1. Carotid media thickness was also higher and increased in the two years of follow up. No correlations were found between ventricular hypertrophy and dialysis lapse, packed red cell volume, calcium phosphorus product, parathormone levels or median arterial pressure. No cardiovascular events were recorded during the follow up period. Conclusions: Non diabetic patients on chronic hemodialysis have a high frequency of ventricular hypertrophy, carotid media thickening, aortic calcifications and an increase in proinflammatory cytokines.

Marcadores pro y antiinflamatorios en la enfermedad arterial coronaria y el síndrome isquémico coronario agudo / Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers in coronary artery disease and acute ischemic coronary syndrome

Inflammation plays an important role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions, affecting several stages of the atheroma's development going from the initial leukocyte recruitment to the eventual rupture of the unstable atherosclerotic plaque. The inflammatory reactions within coronary atherosclerotic plaques influence the clinical outcome of acute coronary syndromes and coronary artery disease. Recent studies suggest that inflammation markers may reflect different aspects of the atherothrombotic process in relation to the stages of acute coronary syndrome. These markers play an important role in the risk of developing coronary artery disease, and may correlate with its severity. Some cytokines, acute phase proteins, acute phase reactants proteins, and adhesion molecules released from the inflammatory cells may reflect the inflammatory process in atherosclerotic plaques. However, it remains to be determined whether these pro- and anti-inflammation markers may confer risk or protection for cardiovascular disease, or simply reflect the underlying disease process. The analysis of the markers may be useful for the development of new strategies for coronary disease prevention and treatment. Therefore, we need a well-designed evaluation of these markers before their use in the clinical practice.

Cortisol and parathormone levels in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: relation to interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6

This study was designed to define the levels of cortisol and parathormone in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [JRA] in relation to disease activity as well as to the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta [IL-l, beta] and interleukin-6 [IL-6]. Thirty six patients [26 females and 10 males; aged 6-12 years; mean 7.3 +/- 1.6 yr] as well as 18 apparently healthy controls were recruited into the study. Patients and controls were subjected to clinical examination and a comprehensive battery of investigations including a complete blood picture, ESR, CRP, serum levels of calcium. phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, IL-I beta, IL-6 as well as cortisol and parathyroid hormone [PTH]. Serum levels of IL-I, beta and IL-6 were significantly higher in JRA patients than those of the controls [p<0.001]. This rise was more evident in patients with an active disease. On the other hand, serum levels of both cortisol and FTH were significantly lower in patients compared to the controls [p<0.001]. Moreover, there were significant negative correlations between serum levels of both cortisol and PTH with IL-i, 6 and IL-6 as well as other parameters of disease activity [ESR and CRP] [p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively]. There was also a significant negative correlation between FTH only and serum calcium p<0.05]. Decreased serum values of both cortisol and FTH were demonstrated in the children suffering from JRA, especially those with a high disease activity. This hormonal status may indicate a disturbed homeostasis contributing to a more active disease

Assessment of fatigue in chronic hepatitis C Egyptian patients: relation to TNF-alpha, Leptin, IL-i and IL-6

Fatigue is a common symptom in chronic hepatitis C [CHC]; but it is not well understood and remains poorly investigated. One of the major obstacles to research is the highly non specific nature of fatigue. In 1994; the fatigue impact scale [FIS] was developed to improve our understanding of the effect of fatigue on quality of life. Recent attention has focused on the role of leptin and energy expenditure in chronic hepatitis C [CHC]. The importance of leptin in the regulation of energy balance, body composition and food intake has been demonstrated in both animal and human studies. 4herations in immune activation and cytokine release have been implicated in the occurrence of fatigue in CHC patients. The purpose of this study is to analyze fatigue in chronic hepatitis C Egyptian patients and to determine its relationship with the degree of underlying hepatitis, resting energy expenditure [PEE], circulating leptin and tumor necrosis factor-a [TNF-alpha], IL-1, and IL-6. Ninety patients were included in the study [61 males, 29 females], who were referred to the department of Tropical Medicine Al Hussein and Bab-Al-Sharyia University Hospitals during the period from March 2004 to March 2006. They were divided into two groups. Group I: 65 patients with chronic hepatitis C. Group II: 25 healthy persons, tested negative for hepatitis C [Control group]. All were submitted to history and clinical examination, liver function tests, HCV [Ab and PCR], the modified fatigue impact scale, resting energy expenditure, tumour necrosis factor [TNF-alpha], serum leptin. IL-alpha, and IL-6. FIS and REE, serum leptin, TNF-, IL-alpha and IL-6 were significantly elevated among HCV patients in comparison to controls. Fatigue didn't correlate with the degree of underlying hepatitis. Fatigue impact scale is a beneficial tool for subjective valuation of fatigue. Fatigue is present in CHC patients but it is not related to the degree of hepatitis. TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6 may contribute partially to the occurrence of fatigue in these patients

Impact of helicobacter pylori infection on circulating interleukin-1beta [IL-1BETA] in gastroduodenal disorders

Helicobacter pylori [H. pylori] infection in characterized by marked changes in cytokine production, resulting from the immune response to infection. The H. pylori-associated diseases present with manifestations varying from mild non-ulcer dyspepsia or peptic ulcer disease [PUD] to gastric cancer. Study the effect of H. pylori infection on circulating serum levels of IL-1beta in some gastroduodenal disorders. According to upper gastrointestinal [GI] tract symptoms, upper GI endoscopy [including gastric pH measurement, ultra-rapid urease test-for the diagnosis of H-pylori infection, and biopsy], and histo-pathological examination, 80 patient with gastroduodenal disorders [20 gastric ulcer, 20 duodenal ulcer, 10 gastritis, 10 duodenitis and 20 gastric cancer] were studied. In addition, 10 apparently healthy subjects served as a control group. Circulating serum IL-1beta levels were determined for all subjects, by ELISA. The majority of gastroduodenal disorders studied had evidence of H. pylori infection and significantly higher serum IL-1beta than control subjects, being more in gastric disorders [gastritis, cancer and ulcer]. Gastric pH was significantly higher in patients with gastric disorders [gastric cancer, gastric ulcer and gastritis]. IL-1beta correlates positively with H. pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer. Meanwhile, it correlates negatively with gastric pH, in patients with gastric ulcer. Gastric pH and serum IL-1beta are significantly higher in cancer patients than in non-cancer patients. On other hand, H. pylori infection is detected more significantly in non-cancer patients. The mean serum IL-1beta was found to be significantly higher in patients with positive H. pylori infection than in those negative for H. pylori infection. IL-1beta is in an important pro-inflammatory cytokine with profound effects. Its acid inhibitory properties uniquely qualify it as a major player in the host's response to H. pylori infection and the diseases associated with it

Can we use serum interleulkin -1 beta in diagnosis of early neonatal sepsis?

Neonatal sepsis is an important cause of morbidity end mortality with a predictably poor outcome unless early diagnosis and appropriate treatment serum interleukin -1 beta can be used to diagnose early neonatal sepsis. serum samples of interlukin -1 beta of 80 neonates: 20 FT healthy and 20 PT as control 20 FT septic and 20 preterm septic the study is to evaluate specificity and sensitivity of that test to predict neonates with early sepsis. All cases were admitted to NICU and Nursery in Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital. No significant difference in serum interleuk in 1-beta in comparing the diseased FT group and the control FT group. While there was significant increase in serum interleukin 1-beta in septic preterun group. As well as there was significant correlation between serum level IL-1 beta and maternal infection as a maternal risk factor. Seurm level of interleukin-1-beta can aid in laboratory diagnosis of early sepsis in preterm neonates but not of value in early sepsis of FT ones

role of interleukin-1 beta gene polymorphism in aggressive periodontitis

The primary causal factor for periodontitis is bacteria, but the extent and severity of periodontal lesions can be influenced by environmental factors, acquired diseases, and genetic predisposition. Genetic polymorphisms for IL-1 beta have been proposed as potential genetic marker for periodontal disease susceptibility. To investigate the association of one of the IL-1 beta gene polymorphisms with aggressive periodontitis. The study was performed on a total of 50 individuals that were divided into 3 groups; healthy control group [HC] with clinically healthy periodontium, diseased control group suffering from chronic periodontitis [CP] and patients group suffering from aggressive periodontitis [AgP]. Patients and healthy controls received a full-mouth periodontal examination. Venous blood was taken by standard venipuncture and placed into EDTA-containing tube for DNA extraction and amplification by RFLP-PCR technique. The amplification products were subjected to digestion with Taq I restriction endonuclease enzyme. The resulting fragments were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis and visualized by ethidium bromide staining and UV light. The present study showed that the prevalence of the IL-1 beta positive genotype 1,1 at position+3953 was higher in AgP patients [75%] than in CP [40%] and HC [30%]. By estimating the OR for genotype 1, 1 of AgP and both CP and HC, it was found that it is more likely to develop AgP approximately 4.5 times than CP and approximately 7 times than HC. Thus, there was sufficient evidence to conclude that there is an association between the genotype 1,1 and AgP. These results suggested that this cytokine might predict and be associated with progressive inflammation and attachment loss as IL-1 plays a pivotal role in the inflammatory cascade of the immune response to microbial challenge and can induce several events associated with tissue destruction. From this we could support the association between IL-beta gene polymorphism and aggressive periodontitis. Hence IL-1 beta gene could be used as a genetic marker for early diagnosis of patients at risk

Oxidative stress and interleukin-1 beta in serum and skin lesions of patients with generalized vitligo

The etiology of vitiligo is unknown. Increased oxidant stress may explain melanocyte dysfunction and destruction. Increases in pro-oxidants as well as decreases in anti-oxidant agents have been reported in patients with vitiligo. In this study we investigated the role of oxidative stress by determining the levels of the free radical nitric oxide [NO] and the antioxidant systems: superoxide dismutase [SOD], and L-ascorbic acid in addition to interleukin-1beta [IL-1beta] in both serum and tissue of lesional skin in patients with generalized vitiligo. Levels of NO and IL-1beta were significantly higher in the serum and tissue of lesional skin of patient with generalized vitiligo compared to the control group. While L-ascorbic acid and superoxide dismutase levels were significantly reduced in patients compared to controls. Extent of vitiligo showed a significant positive correlation with tissue levels of IL-1beta. Oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of generalized vitiligo with increased production of NO and decreased SOD activity and ascorbic acid levels. IL-1beta could have a role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo possibly through the induction of NO production

[Evaluation of serum levels of IL-L alpha, TGF-Beta, TNF-alpha, IFN-alpha, IFN-Omega, IL-1 alpha, TGH-beta, cortisol and immunoglobulins in Islamic ramadan fasting]

This research aimed determining the levels of cortisol, immunoglobulins and major serum cytokines, following Ramadan fasting, as immune response indexes. For this before and after Ramadan fasting study, twenty-five students residing at the dormitory of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected. All cytokines levels [IL-1alpha TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, IFN-alpha, IFN-omega] were determined by the ELISA method, Immoglobulines were determined by the Radial Immunodiffusion [SRID] technique and cortisol levels were measured by EIA too. While IFN-omega a showed a considerable increase after Ramadan fasting [P<0.01], IFN-alpha and TNF-alpha had decreased [P >/= 0.5 and <0.02 respectively]. Serum level of TGF-beta increased but not significantly [P>0.3]; cortisol also increased after one month of fasting [P<0.05]. Serum IL-1alpha had a non-significant decrease [P >/= 0.5]. Although IgG and IgM levels showed no significant increase, IgA levels showed significant decrease [P<0.5]. Our data revealed that Ramadan fasting increased IFN-omega, while decreasing TNF-alpha and IgA levels; ramadan fasting can probably increase T-Cell function, lower the inflammatory appreance rate and affect immunoglubulin production

Do desipramine and fluoxetine ameliorate the extent of colonic damage induced by acetic acid in rats?

The present study was aimed to compare the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of two antidepressant drugs; desipramine and fluoxetine, administered in two different doses, on experimentally induced colitis in rats. Two doses for each drug [10, 20 mg/kg/d] were injected intraperitoneally in forty eight adult male albino rats for 2 weeks after induction of colitis by intra-colonic administration of 2ml 3% acetic acid. Several parameters including, macroscopic [ulcer score index], microscopic [histological] and biochemical such as myeloperoxidase [MPO], reduced glutathione [GSH], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha] and interleukin-1 Beta [IL-1beta] were measured using standard assay procedures. The study demonstrated that both desipramine and fluoxetine significantly attenuated the extent and the severity of the macroscopic and microscopic histological signs of cell damage. Both drugs significantly reduced tissue MPO activity in a dose dependent manner. Both desipramine and fluoxetine at either dose increased significantly the GSH in colonic tissue. On the contrary, both desipramine and fluoxetine significantly reduced TNF-alpha and IL-beta in a dose dependent manner. However, desipramine at the dose of 20 mg/kg produced more decrease in the level of TNF-alpha compared to the effect of the smaller dose, and on the contrary, fluoxetine at the dose of 10 mg/kg showed more decrease in the level of IL-beta compared to the effect of the larger dose. The available data indicate that both desipramine and fluoxetine have anti-inflammatory and antioxidants effects in experimentally induced colitis in rats opening the avenue to their possible protective role in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Serum levels of IL-1 beta and IL-6 in HCV infected patients as markers for liver disease progression

In this study, we aimed to characterize serum cytokine levels of interleukin-1 Beta [IL-1beta] and interleukin -6 [IL-6] in HCV infected patients and in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] in comparison to control group and their possible use as markers of disease progression. Sixty Patients were divided into three groups: Group I: included 20 HCV infected patients without cirrhotic changes. Group II: included 20 HCV infected patients with liver cirrhosis [LC]. Group III: included 20 HCV infected patients with HCC and 20 apparently healthy subjects as control group. All patients and control group were subjected to biochemical and serological tests, anti HCV, HCV [RT-PCR] and cytokines measurements of serum IL-1 beta and serum IL-6 levels. Showed a high statistically significant elevated serum IL-6 and IL-1 beta levels in patients with chronic HCV infection in comparison to control group. Highly statistically elevated levels of IL-6 and IL-1 beta in liver cirrhosis and higher levels were found in HCC group in comparison to control group. The levels of II-6 and IL-1 beta increased significantly in HCV infected patients as the disease progress. Serum IL-1 beta, and IL-6 levels are elevated in patients with hepatitis C-related liver diseases, especially in LC and HCC patients. Their levels reflect hepatic dysfunction better than liver inflammation parameters; accordingly, we may use serum IL 1 beta and IL-6 as markers for Liver disease progression in HCV-infected patients instead of invasive techniques

Pattern on blood levels of erythropoietin patients and proinflammatory cytokines in anemic on regular hemodialysis

The objective of this study was to assess the blood levels of cytokines as interleukin-1 B [IL-1 B], interleukin-6 [IL-6] and Epo in anemic patients on regular hemodialysis [HD] and evaluate their relation to the anemic status of those patients. Sera levels of IL-1 B, IL-6 and Epo were measured by ELISA technique in 40 patients on regular HD. The patients were compared with 20 healthy controls. A statistically significant decrease of serum Epo level and a statistically significant elevation for the sera levels of IL-1 B and IL-6 were detected in the patients compared with the controls. A Positive correlation between IL-1 B and IL-6 was detected. Statistically significant negative correlations between IL-1 B and hemoglobin [Hb] level were observed. Also, statistically significant negative correlations between IL-6 and Hb were observed. Hence, these cytokines would be involved in the pathophysiology of end stage renal disease [ESRD] anemic patients