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1.
Neuroscience Bulletin ; (6): 849-853, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | WPRIM | ID: wpr-775507

RESUMEN

As an environmental risk factor, psychological stress may trigger the onset or accelerate the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we evaluated the effects of acute restraint stress on striatal dopaminergic terminals and the brain metabolism of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), which has been widely used for creating a mouse model of PD. Exposure to 2 h of restraint stress immediately after injection of a low dose of MPTP caused a severe loss of striatal dopaminergic terminals as indicated by decreases in the dopamine transporter protein and dopamine levels compared with MPTP administration alone. Both striatal 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP) and MPTP concentrations were significantly increased by the application of restraint stress. Striatal monoamine oxidase-B, which catalyzes the oxidation of MPTP to MPP, was not changed by the restraint stress. Our results indicate that the enhanced striatal dopaminergic terminal loss in the stressed mice is associated with an increase in the transport of neurotoxin into the brain.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratones , 1-Metil-4-fenil-1,2,3,6-Tetrahidropiridina , Metabolismo , 1-Metil-4-fenilpiridinio , Metabolismo , Cuerpo Estriado , Metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Neuronas Dopaminérgicas , Intoxicación por MPTP , Metabolismo , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Neurotoxinas , Metabolismo , Restricción Física , Estrés Psicológico , Metabolismo
2.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 113(5): e260-e263, oct. 2015. ilus, tab
Artículo en Español | LILACS | ID: lil-757066

RESUMEN

El trauma ocular pediátrico es frecuente y es la principal causa de ceguera unilateral no congénita. La información en países en vías de desarrollo es escasa. El objetivo de esta serie de casos es describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas del trauma ocular en niños menores de 14 años que consultaron al Hospital Dr. Rodolfo Robles Val verde en la Ciudad de Guatemala durante el año 2010. Se incluyeron 119 pacientes en el estudio. El género masculino en edad escolar (7-9 años) fue el más comprometido. El trauma más común fue el de globo cerrado. Los objetos más frecuentes causantes de la lesión fueron madera, juguetes y químicos. La vivienda fue el lugar donde más ocurrió el trauma. Se intervinieron 21 pacientes. Son necesarios programas de educación y prevención.


Pediatric ocular trauma is common and the leading cause of non congenital unilateral blindness. The information in developing countries is scarce. The objective of this case series is to describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics of ocular trauma in children under 14 years of age who visited Hospital Dr. Rodolfo Robles Valverde in Guatemala City in 2010. In this study 119 patients were included. School-aged (7-9 years) male gender was the most affected. Closed globe injury was the commonest. The most frequent objects causing the lesions were: wooden objects, toys and chemicals. Trauma occurred most frequently at home. Twenty one of the patients were surgically intervened. Education and prevention programs for pediatric ocular trauma are necessary.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Femenino , Masculino , Ratones , Cuerpo Estriado/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas Dopaminérgicas/efectos de los fármacos , Endosulfano/toxicidad , Insecticidas/toxicidad , Sustancia Negra/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Células Cultivadas , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Cuerpo Estriado/metabolismo , Neuronas Dopaminérgicas/metabolismo , Intoxicación por MPTP , Neuroblastoma , Factores Sexuales , Sustancia Negra/metabolismo
3.
Neuroscience Bulletin ; (6): 329-335, 2007.
Artículo en Inglés | WPRIM | ID: wpr-264705

RESUMEN

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the toxic effect of environmental neurotoxin MPP+ to C. elegans and identify the mechanisms that cause the toxicity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human alpha-synuclein transgenic C. elegans was used as the animal model, the toxic effect of MPP+ to dopamine (DA) neurons and the lifespan of worms was tested. The worms were feed with OP50 to determine whether ATP increase can rescue the worm from toxicity. ATP level and aberrant protein accumulation were analyzed in the MPP+ treated worms with or without OP50 addition.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We found that MPP+ induced DA cell death and worm lethality, which could be prevented by OP50 treatment. OP50 exerted the protective effect by up-regulating ATP level, even though it also induced accumulation of alpha-synuclein. Despite the undefined role of protein aggregation to the cell death, our results showed that the toxicity of MPP+ was mainly caused by the ATP depletion in the alpha-synuclein transgenic C. elegans.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MPP+ could induce DA neuronal death and worm lethality in alpha-synuclein transgenic C. elegans; Compared with the aggregation of alpha-synuclein, the major cause of MPP+ toxicity appeared due to ATP depletion.</p>


Asunto(s)
Animales , Humanos , 1-Metil-4-fenilpiridinio , Toxicidad , Adenosina Trifosfato , Metabolismo , Animales Modificados Genéticamente , Caenorhabditis elegans , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans , Metabolismo , Muerte Celular , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Dopamina , Metabolismo , Herbicidas , Toxicidad , Intoxicación por MPTP , Metabolismo , Mortalidad , Neuronas , Metabolismo , alfa-Sinucleína , Genética , Metabolismo
4.
Journal of Southern Medical University ; (12): 376-380, 2006.
Artículo en Inglés | WPRIM | ID: wpr-255306

RESUMEN

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe whether the dopaminergic neuroprotective effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is associated with its inhibition of microglial cell activation in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The effects of EGCG at different doses on dopaminergic neuronal survival were tested in a methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+)-induced dopaminergic neuronal injury model in the primary mesencephalic cell cultures. With unbiased stereological method, tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive (TH-ir) cells were counted in the A8, A9 and A10 regions of the substantia nigra (SN) in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated C57BL/6 mice. The effect of EGCG on microglial activation in the SN was also investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pretreatment with EGCG (1 to 100 micromol/L) significantly attenuated MPP+-induced TH-ir cell loss by 22.2% to 80.5% in the mesencephalic cell cultures. In MPTP-treated C57BL/6 mice, EGCG at a low concentration (1 mg/kg) provided significant protection against MPTP-induced TH-ir cell loss by 50.9% in the whole nigral area and by 71.7% in the A9 region. EGCG at 5 mg/kg showed more prominent protective effect than at 1 or 10 mg/kg. EGCG pretreatment significantly inhibited microglial activation and CD11b expression induced by MPTP.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EGCG exerts potent dopaminergic neuroprotective activity by means of microglial inhibition, which shed light on the potential use of EGCG in treatment of Parkinson's disease.</p>


Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratones , Catequina , Farmacología , Dopamina , Metabolismo , Intoxicación por MPTP , Mesencéfalo , Biología Celular , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Neuroglía , Biología Celular , Metabolismo , Neuronas , Biología Celular , Fármacos Neuroprotectores , Farmacología , Enfermedad de Parkinson , Quimioterapia , Sustancia Negra , Biología Celular , , Química
5.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 636-642, 2001.
Artículo en Inglés | WPRIM | ID: wpr-53144

RESUMEN

Intermittent administrations of dopaminergic agents in hemiparkinsonian rat enhances the behavioral response to subsequent administration of the drugs. This phenomenon is known as "priming" and thought as comparable to drug-induced dyskinesia in patients with Parkinson's disease. We investigated the behavioral and electrophysiological changes in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned hemiparkinsonian rats after repeated administrations of apomorphine. Administration of apomorphine (0.32 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, i.p.) twice daily for 6 days enhanced the rotation induced by apomorphine from 341 turns/hour at the beginning to 755 turns/hr at the end. At the same time, the response to selective D2 agonist quinpirole (0.26 mg/kg, i.p.) was also enhanced from 203 to 555 turns/hr. Extracellular single unit recording revealed no significant difference in the basal firing rates of substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) neurons between the ipsilateral and contralateral side of the 6-OHDA lesion regardless of the repeated administrations of apomorphine. In SNr of the lesion side, the units with burst firing pattern were found more frequently after repeated administrations of apomorphine and the suppressive effect of quinpirole on the firing rate was enhanced. These findings suggest that the increased percentage of the burst units is the important electrophysiological change in the development of enhanced response to selective D2 agonist.


Asunto(s)
Masculino , Ratas , Animales , Apomorfina/farmacología , Agonistas de Dopamina/farmacología , Intoxicación por MPTP/fisiopatología , Oxidopamina/toxicidad , Trastornos Parkinsonianos/fisiopatología , Quinpirol/farmacología , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Receptores de Dopamina D2/efectos de los fármacos , Sustancia Negra/efectos de los fármacos
6.
Quito; s.n; 1999. 196 p. tab.
Tesis en Español | LILACS | ID: lil-438860

RESUMEN

El presente trabajo de investigación Epidemiología Integral de la Neuro y Psicotoxicidad en unn Grupo de Trabajadores pretende investigar posibles efectos tóxicos tanto neurológicos como conductuales en trabajadores expuesto a disolventes químicos en una industria de lavado en seco en la ciudad de Quito.Para iniciar la comprensión del problema, se realizó en un primer momento, una investigación documental de los estudios existentes sobre efectos de estas sustancias en el organismo.Encontramos que hay mu poca investigación alrededor de este tema en América Latina y en el Ecuador especificamente. De lo revisado, se pudo concluir que la utilización de substancias químicas tipo solventes orgánicos, para el caso que nos ocupa durante períodos largos y contínuos de exposición, produce en el organismo una variedad de sintomatología psicológica y neurológica que en la mayoría de casos no es atribuíble a los procesos laborales


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Epidemiología , Intoxicación por MPTP/epidemiología
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