Z-plasty: a comparative study between theoretical and practical elongation / Zetaplastia: estudo comparativo entre o alongamento teórico versus prático

Introduction: The study of the final elongation values produced by 45º, 60º, 75º, and 90º-angle z-plasties performed on the skin of the lower abdomen of fresh cadavers were compared with the theoretical mathematical data published in the literature. Methods: Four z-plasties with 2-cm main and secondary branches each, and with 45º, 60º, 75º, and 90º angles were performed on the skin of the lower abdomen in 11 fresh cadavers to evaluate the final elongation produced. Results: The mean elongation at their respective angles was lower than that found in the literature, with a p value of <0.01. Conclusion: The elongation values obtained from the present study showed a significant difference from the published values.

Introdução: O estudo do alongamento final produzido por zetaplastias com ângulos de 45, 60, 75 e 90 graus na pele do abdome inferior de cadáveres frescos foi comparado com os dados matemáticos teóricos apresentados pela literatura. Métodos: Foram realizadas quatro zetaplastias com ramos principais e secundários de 2 cm cada um deles e ângulos de 45, 60, 75 e 90 graus na pele do abdome inferior de 11 cadáveres frescos para avaliar o alongamento final produzido. Resultados: A média dos alongamentos para os respectivos ângulos foi inferior ao encontrado na literatura, com valor de p < 0,01. Conclusão: Existiu diferença significativa entre os valores da literatura e os encontrados no presente estudo.

Characterization of a thermostable endoglucanase produced by Isoptericola variabilis sp. IDAH9

Abstract This study aimed to isolate and evaluate the cellulase activity of cellulolytic bacteria in hot springs of Dehloran, Ilam province, Iran. Water and sludge samples were collected from the hot springs and the bacterial enrichment was performed in a medium containing rice barn and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The cultures were incubated at 50 °C in aerobic conditions. The bacteria were isolated on CMC agar (1%) medium. Cellulase assay of the isolates was measured by the evaluation of endoglucanase enzyme activity, which is also called as carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase). The isolated thermotolerant bacteria were then identified and optimized for the production of CMCase. Moreover, stabilizing elements of the enzyme were identified with in silico approach. The chosen isolate was identified as Isoptericola variabilis sp. IDAH9. The identified strain produced the most thermostable CMCase at a concentration of 5.6 g/L of ammonium sulfate, 9 g/L CMCase or 12 g/L rice bran, 0/6% Tween-80, and 0.2% sucrose. The produced enzyme showed 80% of the residual activity after 1 h of incubation at 65 °C. In silico data indicated that the remaining residual activity was due to the redundant stabilizing elements in the protein structure. Consequently, I. variabilis can be isolated from the extreme environment and has a thermostable endoglucanase which may be used for various applications after studying them.

Low educational level but not low income impairs the achievement of cytogenetic remission in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with imatinib in Brazil

OBJECTIVES: In Brazil, imatinib mesylate is supplied as the first-line therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase through the public universal healthcare program, Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). We studied the socio-demographic factors that influenced therapy success in a population in the northeast region of Brazil. METHODS: Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia from the state of Piauí were treated in only one reference center. Diagnosis was based on WHO 2008 criteria. Risk was assessed by Sokal, Hasford and EUTOS scores. Patients received 400 mg imatinib daily. We studied the influence of the following factors on the achievement of complete cytogenetic response within one year of treatment: age, clinical risk category, time interval between diagnosis and the start of imatinib treatment, geographic distance from the patient's home to the hospital, years of formal education and monthly income. RESULTS: Among 103 patients studied, the median age was 42 years; 65% of the patients had 2-9 years of formal education, and the median monthly income was approximately 100 US$. Imatinib was started in the first year after diagnosis (early chronic phase) in 69 patients. After 12 months of treatment, 68 patients had a complete cytogenetic response. The Hasford score, delay to start imatinib and years of formal education influenced the attainment of a complete cytogenetic response, whereas income and the distance from the home to the healthcare facility did not. CONCLUSION: Patients require additional healthcare information to better understand the importance of long-term oral anticancer treatment and to improve their compliance with the treatment. .

Evaluation of manual resuscitators used in ICUs in Brazil / Avaliação de reanimadores manuais utilizados em UTIs brasileiras

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of manual resuscitators (MRs) used in Brazil in accordance with international standards. METHODS: Using a respiratory system simulator, four volunteer physiotherapists employed eight MRs (five produced in Brazil and three produced abroad), which were tested for inspiratory and expiratory resistance of the patient valve; functioning of the pressure-limiting valve; and tidal volume (VT) generated when the one-handed and two-handed techniques were used. The tests were performed and analyzed in accordance with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) F920-93 criteria. RESULTS: Expiratory resistance was greater than 6 cmH2O . L−1 . s−1 in only one MR. The pressure-limiting valve, a feature of five of the MRs, opened at low pressures (< 17 cmH2O), and the maximal pressure was 32.0-55.9 cmH2O. Mean VT varied greatly among the MRs tested. The mean VT values generated with the one-handed technique were lower than the 600 mL recommended by the ASTM. In the situations studied, mean VT was generally lower from the Brazilian-made MRs that had a pressure-limiting valve. CONCLUSIONS: The resistances imposed by the patient valve met the ASTM criteria in all but one of the MRs tested. The pressure-limiting valves of the Brazilian-made MRs usually opened at low pressures, providing lower VT values in the situations studied, especially when the one-handed technique was used, suggesting that both hands should be used and that the pressure-limiting valve should be closed whenever possible. .

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o desempenho de reanimadores manuais (RMs) utilizados no Brasil conforme critérios definidos por uma norma internacional. MÉTODOS: Utilizando um simulador do sistema respiratório, oito RMs manuais (cinco produzidos no Brasil e três importados) foram avaliados em relação a resistência inspiratória e expiratória da válvula para o paciente; funcionamento da válvula limitadora de pressão; e volume corrente (VT) gerado por quatro fisioterapeutas voluntários, utilizando uma ou duas mãos. Para a realização e análise dos testes, foram utilizados critérios sugeridos pela norma da American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) F920-93. RESULTADOS: A resistência expiratória foi superior a 6 cmH2O . L−1 . s−1 em apenas um dos RMs testados. A válvula limitadora de pressão, presente em cinco RMs, abriu em baixas pressões (< 17 cmH2O), e a pressão máxima variou de 32,0-55,9 cmH2O. Houve grande variação da média de VT obtido pelos diferentes RMs. Os valores médios de VT utilizando uma mão foram inferiores ao sugerido pela ASTM (600 mL). O VT médio, nas situações estudadas, foi geralmente menor nos RMs nacionais com válvula limitadora de pressão. CONCLUSÕES: As resistências impostas pela válvula do paciente estão de acordo com os critérios da ASTM, com exceção de um RM. As válvulas limitadoras de pressão dos RMs nacionais geralmente abrem em baixas pressões, determinando o fornecimento de um menor VT nas situações estudadas, principalmente com o uso de uma mão, o que sugere que a ventilação deva ser feita com as duas mãos e a válvula limitadora de pressão deva ser fechada sempre que possível. .