Expression of Key Enzymes in Glucose Metabolism in Chronic Mountain Sickness and Its Correlation with Phenotype / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the pathogenesis of erythrocytosis by detecting the key enzymes of glucose metabolism and glucose transporter in bone marrow erythrocytes of chronic mountain sickness (CMS), and analyzing its correlation with hemoglobin.@*METHODS@#Twenty CMS patients hospitalized in Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected as CMS group. Twenty males with leukocyte count > 3.5×109/L who had accepted bone marrow aspiration and had normal result were taken as control group. The mRNA and protein expression of key enzymes and glucose transporter in glucose metabolism in bone marrow CD71+ erythrocytes were detected by real time qPCR and Western blot, respectively. Glucose, lactic acid and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in the bone marrow supernatant and serum were tested by ELISA. The mRNA and protein expression of key enzymes and glucose transporter, glucose, lactic acid and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate of the two groups were compared. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between key enzymes, glucose transporter in glucose metabolism in bone marrow CD71+ erythrocytes and hemoglobin.@*RESULTS@#The expression of HK2, GLUT1 and GLUT2 mRNA in the CMS group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.001), while the expression of HK1, OGDH and COX5B mRNA were not different. The expression of HK2, GLUT1 and GLUT2 protein in the CMS group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of glucose and lactic acid in the bone marrow supernatant and serum in the CMS group were not different from those in the control group, while the level of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate was higher (P<0.001). Both HK2 and GLUT2 proteins were positively correlated with hemoglobin (r=0.511, 0.717).@*CONCLUSION@#CMS patients may increase glycolysis by increasing the expression of HK2, and promote the utilization of glucose through high expression of GLUT1 and GLUT2 to meet the need of energy supply.

Menarquía y menopausia en la altura / Menarche and menopause at high altitude

Para el estudio de edad de menarquia y edad de menopausia en las grandes alturas de los Andes, se han estudiado 11 mujeres cuyo rango de edad fué de 38 a 62 años, de las cuales 49 mujeres habitan en las grandes alturas y 62 del nivel del mar como control. La edad de menarquia en la altura fué de 14.6 +/- 0.2 años, la edad de la menopausia de 45.3 +/- 0.7 años y el período reproductivo de 30.7 +/- 0.9 años; mientras que, a nivel del mar la edad de menarquia fué de 12.6 +/- 0.2 años, la edad de menopausia 48.2 +/- 0.7 años y el período reproductivo 35.4 +/- 0.9 años. En las grandes alturas hay un retraso en la edad de menarquia de 2.0 años, en la edad de menopausia en las grandes alturas hay un adelanto de 2.9 años y en el promedio de edad reproductiva en las grandes alturas hay un acortamiento de 4.8 años; sin embargo, la capacidad reproductiva en la altura no ha tenido ninguna alteración. La tasa de gestación en las grandes alturas fué 7.3 +/- 0.5 y a nivel del mar 2.8 +/- 0.4, lo que indica que la hipoxia de las grandes alturas no interfiere con la capacidad normal de reproducción