Afecçöes das mucosas e semimucosas / Mucosal and semimucosal diseases

Devido à elevada freqüência das doenças de mucosas e semimucosas, tanto da boca quanto da região anogenital, as autoras chamam atenção para as principais afecções desses epitélios, sejam como lesões isoladas ou como manifestações de doenças cutâneas ou mesmo de outros órgãos. Estas alterações são da maior importância porque, além de poderem provocar problemas graves, ocupam não só o dermatologista, mas também, em relação à boca, o dentista, o otorrinolaringologista e o cirurgião de cabeça e pescoço, e no que se refere à região anogenital, o ginecologista, o urologista, o proctologista e o gastroenterologista, entre outros. Todos esses profissionais precisam ter conhecimento sobre as afecções destas áreas

Aspectos histológicos da mucosa da concha nasal inferior em indivíduos normais / Hystopathological aspects of the nasal inferior concha mucosal in normal individuals

Os aspectos histopatológicos da túnica mucosa do 1/3 médio da concha nasal inferior foram avaliados em 3 indivíduos normais, considerando como parâmetros no plano epitelial: hiperplasia, hipertrofia, necrose, metaplasia escamosa e atrofia; no plano da lâmina própria: alteraçöes vasculares, infiltrado inflamatório, fibrose da lâmina própria, espessamento da membrana basal; no plano das células secretoras: aumento do número de células secretoras, aumento da secreçäo, aumento do muco neutro e do muco ácido intracelular. Foram demonstrados proliferaçäo vascular discreta da lâmina própria, ausência de ectasia linfática e marcado espessamento da membrana basal além da atrofia e de metaplasia escamosa importante.

Hemorragias mucocutáneas: evaluación clínica, secuencia de estudio y frecuencia relativa de enfermedades hereditarias de la hemostasia en población chilena / Mucocutaneous hemorrhages: clinical evaluation, study sequency and related frequency of hemostatic hereditary disases in Chilean population

Patients and methods: Five hundred eighty nine patients whose main symptom was the presence of mucocutaneous hemorrhages were studied. Bleeding time, platelet count, coagulant activity of factor VIII (FVIII:C), FvW: Ag and FvW:CoRis and ABO blood group were measured in all patients in a first stage. According to the results of these tests, further studies were decided. Results: In patients younger than 13 years old, males predominated and, in older patients, females consulted with higher frequency. There was a higher proportion of individuals with O blood type than in the normal population. Bleeding time was abnormal in 330 patients (56 percent). One hundred ten patients (19 percent) had von Willebrand disease and, among them, one third had a normal bleeding time. Isolated reduction of factor VIII activity was found in 66 patients (11 percent, 51 males) and 32 of these had normal bleeding time. Eighty one patients (14 percent) were considered to have an hereditary platelet function defect. A precise diagnosis was not achieved in 332 patients (56 percent). Conclusions: Among patients consulting for mucocutaneous hemorrhages, 19 percent had von Willebrand disease, 11 had an isolated reduction of factor VIII activity, 14 percent had platelet function defects and in 56 percent, a precise diagnosis was not reached

Malignant melanoma: a pathological study of 87 cases

Eighty-seven histologically confirmed malignant melanomas of skin and mucosa were reviewed. The overall male: female ratio was 1.02: 1 and the mean age was 48.2 year. Seventy-three melanomas have arisen from the skin, the lower limb being the most common site of involvement [48 65.7%], mainly in the foot [38 52%]. The other 14 cases of mielanomas arised from the mucosal surfaces, six of them were ano rectal [42.8%] and 4 were nasal or naasopharyngeal. Histologically, the majority were nodular in type [5 1.6%], the superficial spreading type was [27.4%] and the acral lentiginous [19.3%], while there was one case of lentigo maligna melanoma [1.7%]. The vast majority of the cases were advanced and showing dermal and subcutaneous invasion [Clark's levels III, IV, and V]. Twenty-six out of 73 skin melanomas [35.6%] have already metastasized to the draining lymph nodes which were pathologically involved at the time of the diagnosis. The clinico-pathological aspects of malignant melanoma in Iraq were briefly discussed