RESUMEN
Methamphetamine (MA) is a representative drug of amphetamine-type stimulants for central nervous system and has become one of the most dangerous drugs in the world recently. The present article reviews the pharmacological effects, distribution, metabolism, intoxication mechanism, the effects of MA on cardiovascular and central nervous systems of MA, and the current situation of forensic investigation on MA.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Humanos , Trastornos Relacionados con Anfetaminas/patología , Sistema Nervioso Central/patología , Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central/envenenamiento , Toxicología Forense , Inmunohistoquímica , Metanfetamina/envenenamiento , Detección de Abuso de Sustancias/métodosRESUMEN
Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) is the most widespread narcotics in the 21st century. The methamphetamine's intoxication mechanism, psychological dependence, drug resistance and therapeutic drug development are the hot spots in current research. Establishment of animal model with methamphetamine poisoning is the basic for the relative studies, the normalization and standardization of the animal model settles the foundation for methamphetamine's further research. This article reviews the animal model of methamphetamine poisoning in China and abroad, the brief history of the acute, subacute and chronic animal model of methamphetamine poisoning, as well as the principles and methods of the animal model establishment and its evaluation criteria. The necessity, significance and its scientific expansion of performing experimental research on the methamphetamine poisoning animal model are also discussed.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Humanos , Trastornos Relacionados con Anfetaminas/psicología , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central/envenenamiento , Corteza Cerebral/efectos de los fármacos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Toxicología Forense , Inyecciones Intraperitoneales , Metanfetamina/envenenamiento , Conducta Estereotipada/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE@#To develop a specific CZE method for the determination of methamphetamine in whole blood after solid phase extraction.@*METHODS@#With the doxapram as internal standard, Oasis column was used to extract drugs from whole blood and the sample was analysized by CZE.@*RESULTS@#The method showed excellent linearity and the linear correlation coefficient was 0.994. The relative standard deviation for between-day and within-day were 5.31% and 2.22%, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The method is effective, simple, reliable and has been used in the determination of methamphetamine in whole blood.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Doxapram/química , Electroforesis Capilar/métodos , Medicina Legal , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Metanfetamina/envenenamiento , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Extracción en Fase Sólida , Solventes/químicaRESUMEN
Methamphetamine abuse is an important problem in Thailand. The number of addicts and abusers is increasing. Abusers usually use speed pills by oral ingestion or inhalation. The dose used is about 5-60 mg of methamphetamine while the lethal dose reported is 200 mg. Death due to methamphetamine toxicity is uncommon. In this paper, we report two cases of methamphetamine fatalities. Both cases were drug dealers. They swallowed a handful of methamphetamine tablets while being arrested. The autopsy revealed nonspecific findings. Using thin layer chromatography technique, methamphetamine was detected in the urine, blood, stomach and liver of the corpses. This circumstance has been reported elsewhere and might be increased in Thailand as more speed pills are circulated in illegal markets.