A Case of Mexiletine-induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome Presenting as Eosinophilic Pneumonia

An 82-yr-old man was presented with fever and cough accompanied by generalized erythematous rash. He had taken mexiletine for 5 months, as he had been diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy and ventricular arrhythmia. Laboratory studies showed peripheral blood eosinophilia and elevated liver transaminase levels. Chest radiographs showed multiple nodular consolidations in both lungs. Biopsies of the lung and skin lesions revealed eosinophilic infiltration. After a thorough review of his medication history, mexiletine was suspected as the etiologic agent. After discontinuing the mexiletine and starting oral prednisolone, the patient improved, and the skin and lung lesions disappeared. Subsequently, mexiletine was confirmed as the causative agent based on a positive patch test. Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome is a severe adverse reaction to drugs and results from treatment with anticonvulsants, allopurinol, sulfonamides, and many other drugs. Several cases of mexiletine-induced hypersensitivity syndrome have been reported in older Japanese males with manifestation of fever, rash, peripheral blood eosinophilia, liver dysfunction without other organ involvement. Here, we report a case of mexiletine-induced hypersensitivity syndrome which presented as eosinophilic pneumonia in a Korean male.

Experience with oral mexiletine in primary erythromelalgia in children

Primary erythromelalgia is characterized by burning pain, redness, and warmth in the extremities. We present two cases of primary erythromelalgia both of whom presented with a history of several months of severe burning pain in both hands and feet. Both patients had received multiple pain medications with no improvement in symptoms. Pain was relieved by putting affected parts in ice cold water, which resulted in immersion injury of the affected parts. Both patients stopped taking part in school and social activities. We tried oral mexiletine, a class Ib antiarrythmic agent, in view of its reported role in various chronic painful conditions. Dramatic improvement was observed with its use. Both patients improved after several weeks of use, and there were fewer soaking episodes. We observed no adverse effects with mexilitine therapy

Fármaco antiarrítmicos / Anti-arrhythimia agents

O diagnóstico correto do tipo de arritmia cardíaca é a primeira etapa na avaliação do paciente. A necessidade da terapêutica antiarrítmica deve ser cuidadosamente avaliada para, em seguida, decidir se a abordagem será farmacológica ou não. A escolha do fármaco antiarrítmico deve ser individualizada, considerando-se a farmacocinética e as interaçöes medicamentosas. A identificação e correção de condiçöes associadas (isquemia miocárdica, disfunção ventricular, distúrbios eletrolíticos) e a avalização periódica da função dos órgãos responsáveis pela metabolização e excreção das drogas são fundamentais para minimizar os efeitos pró-arrítmicos.

Tratamiento sintomático de la miocarditis chagásica crónica / Symptomatic treatment of the chronic Chagasic myocarditis

Analiza la acción farmacológica, efectividad, dosis de administración y efectos colaterales de diversas drogas antiarrítmicas clasificadas del acuerdo a sus efectos electrofisiológicos (quinidina y procainamida, disopiramida, agentes betabloqueantes, mexiletine, amiodarona, y, verapamil), y suelen indicarse para el tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardíaca, las arritmias y los trastornos de conducción en pacientes chagásicos