Effect of acupuncture at Weizhong (BL 40) on bladder urination function based on ultrasound / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of acupuncture at Weizhong (BL 40) with deqi on bladder urination function.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 healthy subjects were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 30 subjects in each group. Under the guidance of ultrasound, acupuncture was applied Weizhong (BL 40) on both sides. In the observation group, the needling depth was reached to the tibial nerve, and lifting-thrusting twirling method was used to induce deqi. In the control group, the needling depth was reached to the superficial fascia, and no manipulation was operated to induce deqi. The needles were retained for 10 min and acupuncture was given once in both groups. The bilateral ureteral ejection frequency and volume of the bladder were observed by ultrasound before and after acupuncture, and the score of clinical evaluation scale of deqi sensation was observed in both groups.@*RESULTS@#After acupuncture, the frequency of bilateral ureteral ejection in the observation group and the bladder volume in the two groups were increased compared before acupuncture (P<0.05), and the frequency of bilateral ureteral ejection, bladder volume and score of clinical evaluation scale of deqi sensation in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture at Weizhong (BL 40) with deqi improves the bladder urination function. Ultrasound visualization improves the standardization and safety of acupuncture, intuitively evaluates the acupuncture effect, and provides an objective basis for the correlation between meridian points specificity and zang-fu organs.

Evaluation of the lower urinary tract function using voiding spot assay in mice / 生理学报

The objective of present study was to develop a simple and reliable voiding spot assay (VSA) system to evaluate the lower urinary tract function of mice, and to establish it as a standardized protocol. Ultraviolet (UV) light was used to screen out the filter paper without autofluorescence and with optimal urine diffusion properties. Next, the appropriate wavelength of UV was determined based on the quality of the photographic image of urine spots on the filter paper. To confirm that the urine stain area on the filter paper was correlated with the amount of urine, a volume-area standard curve was constructed. The utility of this VSA system was validated using female wild-type C57BL/6J mice aged 12-13 weeks, and the data generated under identical procedural settings were compared among laboratories. Furthermore, this VSA system was employed to analyze the changes in voiding patterns in mice with urinary tract infections or transportation stress. No. 4 filter paper with a thickness of 0.7 mm was identified as the most suitable material for VSA, exhibiting no autofluorescence and facilitating optimal urine diffusion. The filter paper retained its integrity during the assay, and there was a linear correlation between urine volume and stained area under 365 nm UV light. Utilizing this VSA system, we determined that female wild-type C57BL/6J mice produced approximately 695.8 μL total urine and 5.5 primary voiding spots (PVS) with an average size of 126.4 μL/spot within 4-h period. Over 84% of PVS volumes ranged from 20 to 200 μL. Notably, PVS volumes of mice were similar across different laboratories. Mice with urinary tract infections or transportation stress exhibited significant changes in VSA parameters, including increased voiding frequency, PVS number, and decreased PVS volume. Therefore, this VSA system can be used to evaluate the urinary function of normal mice, as well as those with urinary tract infection or transportation stress.

Effect of electroacupuncture at different time points on postoperative urination function in patients with mixed hemorrhoids surgery / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative electroacupuncture (EA) intervention on postoperative urination function in patients with mixed hemorrhoid surgery.@*METHODS@#A total of 240 patients with mixed hemorrhoid surgery under lumbar anesthesia were randomly divided into an EA preconditioning group (group A, 60 cases, 9 cases dropped off), an intraoperative EA group (group B, 60 cases, 4 cases dropped off), a postoperative EA group (group C, 60 cases, 6 cases dropped off), and a non-acupuncture group (group D, 60 cases, 3 cases dropped off). In the groups A, B and C, EA was exerted at Zhongliao (BL 33) and Huiyang (BL 35) , with disperse-dense wave, 4 Hz/20 Hz in frequency, and lasting 30 min, at 30 min before lumbar anesthesia, immediately after lumbar anesthesia and 6 h after surgery, respectively. No EA intervention was performed in the group D. The postoperative urination smoothness score in each group was observed 24 h after surgery. The first urination time, first urination volume, urine residual volume after first urination were recorded, and incidence of indwelling catheterization, postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score, number of remedial analgesia, and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting were observed in each group.@*RESULTS@#In the groups A, B and C, the postoperative urination smoothness scores were superior to the group D (P<0.05), and the time of first urination was earlier than the group D (P<0.05). In the group C, the time of first urination was earlier than the group A and the group B (P<0.05), the first urination volume was higher than the group D (P<0.05), and the urine residual volume after first urination was lower than the group D (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of indwelling catheterization and postoperative nausea and vomiting among the 4 groups (P>0.05). The VAS scores of the group A, B and C were lower than that in the group D (P<0.05), and the number of remedial analgesia cases was lower than that in the group D (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#EA intervention could promote the recovery of urination function and relieve postoperative pain in patients with mixed hemorrhoids surgery. Early postoperative EA intervention is more conducive to the recovery of urination function.

Relationship between maximum voided volume obtained by bladder diary compared to contemporaneous uroflowmetry in men and women

ABSTRACT Introduction: The 24-hour bladder diary is considered to be the gold standard for evaluating maximum voided volume (MVV). However, we observed that patients often have a greater MVV during office uroflowmetry than that seen in the bladder diary. The purpose of this study is to compare these two non-invasive methods by which MVV can be determined - at the time of uroflowmetry (Q-MVV), or by 24hour bladder diary (BD-MVV). Materials and Methods: This was an Institutional Review Board approved retrospective study of patients evaluated for LUTS who completed a 24hour bladder diary and contemporaneous uroflowmetry. For Q-MVV, the patient was instructed to wait to void until their bladder felt full. Sample means were compared, and Pearson's correlations were calculated between the Q-MVV and BD-MVV data across the total sample, women, and men. Results: Seven hundred seventy one patients with LUTS completed bladder diaries. Of these, 400 patients, 205 women and 195 men, had contemporaneous Q-MVV. Mean BD-MVV was greater than mean Q-MVV. However, Q-MVV was larger in a sizable minority of patients. There was a weak correlation between BD-MVV and Q-MVV. Furthermore, there was a difference ≥50% between Q-MVV and BD-MVV in 165 patients (41%). Conclusions: The data suggest that there is a difference between the two measurement tools, and that the BD-MVV was greater than Q-MVV. For a more reliable assessment of MVV, this study suggests that both Q-MVV and BD-MVV should be assessed and that the larger of the two values is a more reliable assessment of MVV.

Evaluation of autonomic function in children and adolescents with overactive bladder

ABSTRACT Aims: To evaluate autonomic activity in children/adolescents with isolated overactive bladder. Materials and Methods: Descriptive, analytical, non-interventional, cross-sectional study conducted between February 2017 and January 2018 with individuals aged between 5 and 17 years old, with overactive bladder (OAB group) or asymptomatic (control). Neurological or anatomical abnormalities, diabetes mellitus and kidney failure constituted exclusion criteria. The DVSS and the Rome III questionnaire were applied, and heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed. The chi-square test, Student's t-test, ANOVA and the Mann Whitney U test were used in the statistical analysis. Results: 41 patients with OAB and 20 controls were included. In the OAB group, there were more girls (p=0.23), more overweight/obese and constipated patients. The DVSS score was higher in the OAB group. HRV showed a higher heart rate variability at the frequency domain and LF/HF variation in the control group (p=0.02 and p=0.05 respectively). In the intergroup evaluation, LF (Hz) was predominant in the control group at the post-voiding evaluation moment (p=0.03). Conclusion: The control group demonstrated a physiological heart rate variation during the voiding process, with a predominance of sympathetic activity during urinary storage.

Therapeutic effects of sacral neuromodulation on detrusor underactivity / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effects of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) on detrusor underactivity (DUA).@*METHODS@#From December 2019 to April 2020, 6 patients with DUA who had been treated with SNM were assessed retrospectively. The average age was 58 years (46-65 years), with 3 males and 3 females. All the patients were diagnosed with DUA by urodynamics examination. Obstruction of bladder outlet was excluded through the cystoscopy. No patient had the history of neurological disease. All the patients were placed with the bladder colostomy tube before SNM. One female patient accepted the trans-urethral resection of bladder neck. Two male patients accepted the trans-urethral resection of prostate. All the 3 patients had no improvement of void symptom after the urethral operation. Before SNM, the average 24 h times of voiding was 23.8 (18-33), average volume of every voiding was 34.2 mL (10-50 mL), average residual volume was 421.7 mL (350-520 mL). The preoperative and postoperative 24 h urine frequency, average voided volume, and average residual urine volume were compared respectively.@*RESULTS@#Totally 6 patients underwent SNM with stage Ⅰ procedure. The operation time for stage Ⅰ procedure was 62-135 min (average 90 min). After an average follow-up of two weeks, stage Ⅱ procedure was performed on responders. Four patients accepted stage Ⅱ procedure (conversion rate 66.7%), the other two patients refused the stage Ⅱ procedure because the urine frequency did not reach the satisfied level. But all the patients had the improvement of residual urine volume. For the 4 patients at the follow-up of 10-15 months, the improvement of void was still obvious. For the all patients after stage Ⅰ procedure, the average 24 h urine frequency reduced to 13.5 times (9-18 times, P < 0.001), the average voided volume increased to 192.5 mL (150-255 mL, P < 0.001), and the average residual urine volume reduced to 97.5 mL (60-145 mL, P < 0.001). No adverse events, such as wound infection or electrode translocation were detected during an average follow-up of 11.3 months. Only one of the 4 patients who received the stage Ⅱ procedure did the intermittent catheterization for one time each day.@*CONCLUSION@#SNM provides a minimal invasive approach for the management of DUA.

Uso de la uroflujometría en el estudio de síntomas del tracto urinario bajo en pacientes masculinos. Hospital Central Universitario Dr. Antonio María Pineda / Use of uroflowmetry in the study of lower urinary tract symptoms in male patients. Central University Hospital Dr. Antonio María Pineda

La uroflujometría es un estudio no invasivo del tracto urinario inferior que entrega información objetiva del flujo urinario y es ampliamente recomendado por las guías europeas en el estudio de pacientes con sintomatología urinaria baja. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal cuyo propósito fue describir el uso de la uroflujometría en el estudio de síntomas del tracto urinario bajo en pacientes masculinos que acudieron a la consulta de Servicio de Urología del Hospital Central Universitario Dr. Antonio María Pineda de la ciudad de Barquisimeto, estado Lara durante el lapso 2018- 2019. La muestra estuvo conformada por 150 pacientes. Los resultados indican que el 62% de la muestra corresponde a pacientes entre 60 y 70 años de edad de los cuales 52% manifestaron síntomas urinarios leves. La uroflujometría evidenció que 56% de los pacientes tienen un flujo máximo entre 10 y 20 ml/seg lo cual sugiere una probable obstrucción al flujo de salida; 78% de los pacientes presentan un flujo promedio entre 0 a 10 ml/seg. El 53% de los pacientes mostró un volumen de vaciado < 300 ml y 49% un tiempo de flujo máximo entre 30 y 50 segundos. En conclusión, la uroflujometría es un examen simple y rápido que proporciona información útil sobre la salud de las vías urinarias inferiores(AU)

Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive study of the lower urinary tract that provides objective information on urinary flow and is widely recommended by European guidelines for the study of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms. We performed a cross-sectional descriptive study to describe the use of uroflowmetry for the study of lower urinary tract symptoms in males who attended the Servicio de Urología of the Hospital Central Universitario Dr. Antonio María Pineda (Barquisimeto, Lara state) during the 2018- 2019 period. The sample was made up of 150 males. The results show that 62% of the sample included males between 60 and 70 years old and 52% complained of mild urinary symptoms. Uroflowmetry results showed that 56% of patients had a maximum flow between 10 and 20 ml/sec suggestive of urinary tract obstruction; 78% had an average flow between 0 and 10 ml/sec while 53% had a micturition volume < 300 ml and 49% had a maximum flow time between 30 and 50 seconds. Uroflowmetry is a simple and fast test which provides useful information about the health of lower urinary tract(AU)

Mejora de las variaciones en la ecografía vesical Evaluación del volumen de orina residual posmiccional en obstrucción moderada de la salida de la vejiga / Improving Variations in Bladder Ultrasound Assessment of Post-Void Residual Urine Volume in Moderate Bladder Outlet Obstruction

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of post-void residual (PVR) urine volume measurements in patients with moderate bladder outlet obstruction. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted between January and December 2019. The inclusion criteria were male patients with symptoms of moderate bladder outlet obstruction. On the other hand, patients with a history of diabetes, symptoms of urinary tract infection, and positive urine for pyuria, as well as patients using medications, such as diuretics, alpha-blockers, and anticholinergic drugs, were excluded. The patients were asked to drink 1000 mL of water one to two hours before the initial ultrasound scan. Pre-void bladder capacity was measured, followed by a post-void ultrasound for residual urine volume measurement at three intervals: immediately after voiding, 15-20 minutes after the first void, and one week later with an empty bladder. Assessment of per-void capacity was carried out, based on the patient's subjective sensation of bladder fullness (a strong desire to void). Results: A total of 78 male patients, with the mean age of 60 years, were included in this study (27 cases in group I; 37 cases in group II; and 14 cases in group III). The mean PVR volume was 92 mL in the first measurement, 62 mL in the second measurement, and 60 mL in the third measurement. Significant differences were found between the first and second PVR measurements and between the first and third PVR measurements (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the second and third PVR measurements (P=0.107). On the other hand, significant differences were found between groups I and II and between groups I and III (P<0.05) in the three PVR measurements. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference between groups II and III in the three PVR measurements (P=0.204, 0.56, and 0.487 for the first, second, and third PVR measurements, respectively). Conclusion: A bladder ultrasound must be performed and interpreted carefully to avoid further unnecessary medications, investigations, or procedures. We recommend a second PVR measurement in patients with bladder outlet obstruction. Also, it is suggested to conduct similar studies in different conditions to confirm our findings.

Mejora de las variaciones en la ecografía vesical Evaluación del volumen de orina residual posmiccional en obstrucción moderada de la salida de la vejiga / Improving Variations in Bladder Ultrasound Assessment of Post-Void Residual Urine Volume in Moderate Bladder Outlet Obstruction

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of post-void residual (PVR) urine volume measurements in patients with moderate bladder outlet obstruction. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted between January and December 2019. The inclusion criteria were male patients with symptoms of moderate bladder outlet obstruction. On the other hand, patients with a history of diabetes, symptoms of urinary tract infection, and positive urine for pyuria, as well as patients using medications, such as diuretics, alphablockers, and anticholinergic drugs, were excluded. The patients were asked to drink 1000 mL of water one to two hours before the initial ultrasound scan. Pre-void bladder capacity was measured, followed by a post-void ultrasound for residual urine volume measurement at three intervals: immediately after voiding, 15-20 minutes after the first void, and one week later with an empty bladder. Assessment of per-void capacity was carried out, based on the patient's subjective sensation of bladder fullness (a strong desire to void). Results: A total of 78 male patients, with the mean age of 60 years, were included in this study (27 cases in group I; 37 cases in group II; and 14 cases in group III). The mean PVR volume was 92 mL in the first measurement, 62 mL in the second measurement, and 60 mL in the third measurement. Significant differences were found between the first and second PVR measurements and between the first and third PVR measurements (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the second and third PVR measurements (P=0.107). On the other hand, significant differences were found between groups I and II and between groups I and III (P<0.05) in the three PVR measurements. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference between groups II and III in the three PVR measurements (P=0.204, 0.56, and 0.487 for the first, second, and third PVR measurements, respectively). Conclusion: A bladder ultrasound must be performed and interpreted carefully to avoid further unnecessary medications, investigations, or procedures. We recommend a second PVR measurement in patients with bladder outlet obstruction. Also, it is suggested to conduct similar studies in different conditions to confirm our findings.

Primary development of visual uroflow scale / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To develop the visual uroflow scale (VUS), analyze the relationship of VUS score and index of free uroflowmetry, assess urination function preliminarily and improve the work efficiency in the clinic.@*METHODS@#Male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) patients, who attended the Department of Urology in Peking University People's Hospital from March 2016 to March 2017, were assessed for their urination function according to the Visual Uroflow Scale without help from clinicians before undertaking a free uroflowmetry test. And afterwards, a free uroflowmetry was undertaken, and variables including maximal flow rate (Qmax), the average flow rate (Qave) and voiding volume (VV) was obtained. During the study, 124 cases were collected and 53 cases met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in the study cohort. The Spearman correlation analysis was used for analyzing the correlation of VUS scores with free uroflowmetry variables and age. The validity of VUS was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Most of the patients could choose the very figure matched with self-condition by first instinct without any help from the clinician. The data were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. In the present study, voiding time was positively correlated with the VUS score (correlation coefficient, 0.62, P < 0.05). In the present cohort, the patients chose the third and fourth figures to take longer time to urinate, implying worse LUTS situation. Flow time and VUS scores were positively correlated (correlation coefficient, 0.61, P < 0.05). The patients with higher VUS scores would spend more time on urinate, no matter how long urinary hesitation was. Both Qmax and Qave were negatively correlated with the VUS score (correlation coefficient －0.54, －0.62, P < 0.05). The study illustrated that the VUS score suggested that the Qmax basically and further reflected the urination function. And its relationship to age revealed the decreased urination function of aging male, which had reached a consensus.@*CONCLUSION@#Development of VUS has helped the clinician assess the urination function preliminarily at the first time. Patients are assessed for a VUS score before getting surgery or receiving the drug for treatment, and can be re-assessed after. The VUS score can provide an objective quantitative basis to evaluate the treatment efficacy. In addition, considering that it is convenient, timesaving and easy to understand, the VUS is available for follow-up.

Assessment of the lower urinary tract symptoms after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy: the behavior of voiding, storage and post micturition symptoms / Avaliação dos sintomas do trato urinário inferior após prostatectomia radical robótica-assistida: o comportamento dos sintomas de esvaziamento, armazenamento e pós-miccionais

ABSTRACT Introduction: despite being infrequent, urinary incontinence has a huge impact on the quality of life of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy, even with the robotic-assisted technique. Objective: to assess the evolution of urinary symptoms from preoperative to 12 months after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. Methods: data was collected from 998 patients who underwent robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. Demographic data, preoperative and postoperative information on patients were documented. The ICIQ and IPSS questionnaires were also applied preoperatively and after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the operation. Results: Out of 998 patients, 257 correctly completed all questionnaires. The mean age of the patients was 60 ± 0.74 years. We found that the total IPSS increased initially and at 6 months after the operation, it was already lower than the initial preoperative value (7.76 at 6 months vs. 9.90 preoperative, p <0.001), being that questions regarding voiding symptoms were the first to improve followed by the questions regarding post micturition and storage symptoms. As for the ICIQ variables, there was an increase with radical prostatectomy and none of them returned to the preoperative level (p<0.001). Conclusions: robotic assisted radical prostatectomy causes, at first, a worsening of urinary symptoms in the lower tract with subsequent recovery. Recovery begins with voiding symptoms, followed by post micturition and storage symptoms. The symptoms assessed by the IPSS evolve to better parameters even than those of the preoperative period, while the symptoms of incontinence assessed by the ICIQ do not reach the preoperative levels in the studied interval.

RESUMO Introdução: apesar de infrequente, a incontinência urinária gera imenso impacto na qualidade de vida dos pacientes submetidos a prostatectomia radical, mesmo com a técnica robótica-assistida. Objetivo: avaliar a evolução dos sintomas urinários desde o pré-operatório até 12 meses após a prostatectomia radical robótica-assistida. Métodos: foram coletados os dados de 998 pacientes submetidos à prostatectomia radical robótica-assistida. Foram documentados dados demográficos, informações pré-operatórias e pós-operatórias dos pacientes. Também foram aplicados os questionários ICIQ e IPSS no pré-operatório e após 1, 3, 6 e 12 meses de pós-operatório. Resultados: de 998 pacientes, 257 preencheram corretamente todos os questionários. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 60±0,74 anos. Verificou-se que o IPSS total subia inicialmente e aos 6 meses após a operação, este já se tornava inferior ao valor inicial pré-operatório (7,76 aos 6 meses vs. 9,90 pré-operatório, p<0.001), sendo que as questões referentes a sintomas de esvaziamento foram as primeiras a melhorar e posteriormente as questões referentes a sintomas pós-miccionais e de armazenamento. Quanto às variáveis do ICIQ, houve elevação com a prostatectomia radical e nenhuma delas retornou ao patamar pré-operatório (p<0,001). Conclusões: a prostatectomia radical robótica assistida causa num primeiro momento uma piora nos sintomas urinários do trato inferior com uma recuperação subsequente. A recuperação se inicia pelos sintomas de esvaziamento, seguido dos sintomas pós-miccionais e de armazenamento. Os sintomas avaliados pelo IPSS acabam evoluindo a parâmetros melhores inclusive que os do pré-operatório, enquanto os sintomas de perda urinária avaliados pelo ICIQ não atingem os níveis pré-operatórios no intervalo estudado.

Acupuncture at Ciliao (BL 32) for prevention of postpartum urinary retention in elderly parturient women: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the preventive effect of acupuncture at Ciliao (BL 32) on postpartum urinary retention as well as the time and volume of the first urination after delivery in elderly parturient women undergoing vaginal delivery.@*METHODS@#A total of 180 elderly parturient women (≥35 years old) undergoing vaginal delivery were randomly divided into a blank control group, a conditional control group and an observation group, 60 cases in each group. The patients in the blank control group were treated with routine nursing plan; based on the treatment of the blank control group, the patients in the conditional control group were treated with additional intervention measures such as applying hot towel on the bladder and fingers pressing to stimulate urination; based on the treatment of the blank control group, the patients in the observation group were treated with acupuncture at bilateral Ciliao (BL 32) one hour after delivery for 20 min (the acupuncture was given only once). The incidence rate of postpartum urinary retention as well as the time and volume of the first urination among the women without urinary retention were observed; the satisfaction rate of the 3 groups was recorded.@*RESULTS@#The incidence rate of postpartum urinary retention in the observation group was 5.0% (3/60), which was significantly lower than 26.7% (16/60) in the blank control group (<0.01) and 16.7% (10/60) in the conditional control group (<0.05); the incidence rate of postpartum urinary retention in the conditional control group was significantly lower than that in the blank control group [16.7% (10/60) vs 26.7%(16/60), <0.05]. In the elderly women without urinary retention, the first urination time in the observation group was significantly earlier than that in the blank control group and conditional control group (<0.01), and the first urination time in the conditional control group was earlier than that in the blank control group (<0.01). The volume of first urination in the observation group was higher than that in the blank control group and the conditional control group (<0.05, <0.01). The satisfaction rates in the observation group and conditional control group were higher than that in the blank control group (<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture at Ciliao (BL 32) could effectively prevent the postpartum urinary retention, improve the time and volume of the first urination in elderly parturient women undergoing vaginal delivery.

Association between benign prostate enlargement-related storage and voiding symptoms and systolic blood pressure: a single-center cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Lower urinary tract symptoms significantly worsen quality of life. The hypothesis that they might lead to serious systolic blood pressure alterations through inducing sympathetic nervous activity has not been studied so far. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between benign prostate enlargement-related storage and voiding symptoms and systolic blood pressure. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional single-center study on data from a hospital patient record system. METHODS: We evaluated the medical records of all consecutive patients with benign prostate enlargement-related lower urinary tract symptoms admitted between January 2012 and December 2017. Storage and voiding symptoms were assessed separately. International Prostate Symptom Score, uroflowmetry, postvoiding residual urine volume and systolic blood pressure were recorded. Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis were used. RESULTS: Positive correlations were found between systolic blood pressure and all of the storage symptoms. Among these, urgency had the most significant effect. There were 166 patients (41.4%) with urgency for urination, which increased mean systolic blood pressure from 124.88 mmHg (average value in elevated blood pressure group) to 132.28 mmHg (average value in stage-1 hypertension group). Hesitancy in urinating and feeling of incomplete bladder emptying had weak positive correlations with systolic blood pressure. There was a negative correlation between systolic blood pressure and intermittency of urination. CONCLUSIONS: With increasing numbers of urine storage symptoms, systolic blood pressure also increases, while the opposite occurs for voiding symptoms in patients with benign prostate enlargement. We conjecture that storage symptoms may lead to this increase through inducing sympathetic hyperactivity. Further prospective studies with larger groups are needed to confirm these findings.

Treinamento do assoalho pélvico na retenção urinária decorrente de encefalomielite aguda disseminada / Pelvic floor muscle training in neurogenic bladder due to acute disseminated encephalomyelitis syndrome

A dengue pode desencadear manifestações neurológicas como a Síndrome de Encefalomielite Aguda Disseminada (ADEM), de caráter inflamatório, desmielinizante, que pode ter dentre as consequências déficits motores e sensitivos, neurite ótica e disfunções vesicais, como a retenção urinária, tornando o indivíduo dependente da realização do cateterismo vesical intermitente (CVI). Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo é descrever o tratamento fisioterapêutico de uma paciente com retenção urinária, decorrente de Síndrome de ADEM pós-dengue. Paciente do sexo feminino, 52 anos, internada em hospital de média complexidade com diagnóstico de ADEM. Na avaliação inicial apresentava grau de força muscular 3 de membros inferiores e 4 de membros superiores, 2 de musculatura do assoalho pélvico (MAP) e retenção urinária, necessitando realizar CVI. Foram realizados 32 atendimentos com duração de uma hora, incluindo o treinamento do assoalho pélvico em diferentes posturas e eletroestimulação de superfície da MAP com equipamento da marca Ibramed. Paciente recebeu alta hospitalar com evidente melhora da força muscular global e sem necessidade de CVI, apresentando micção voluntária e sem resíduo pós-miccional, favorecendo a prevenção de agravos do trato urinário inferior e superior. (AU)

Dengue can trigger neurological manifestations such as Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM), with inflammatory, demyelinating condition, which may have, among the consequences, motor and sensory deficits, optic neuritis and bladder dysfunctions, such as urinary retention, making the individual dependent on intermittent bladder catheterization (IBC). Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe the physiotherapeutic treatment of a patient with urinary retention, due to ADEM syndrome after dengue. A 52-year-old female patient admitted to a hospital of medium complexity with a diagnosis of ADEM. In the initial evaluation, she presented a degree 3 of muscular strength in the lower limbs and 4 in the upper limbs, 2 in pelvic floor musculature (PFM) and urinary retention, requiring IBC. We performed 32 one hour sessions, including pelvic floor muscle training in different positions and surface electrostimulation of PFM with Ibramed brand equipment. Patient was discharged with evident improvement of global muscle strength and without IBC, presenting voluntary voiding and without post void residual, favoring the prevention of lower and upper urinary tract injuries. (AU)

Factors affecting urinary continence and sexual potency recovery after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy

ABSTRACT Introduction Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is the most recent surgical technique for localized prostate cancer. The Da Vinci (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA) system was first introduced in Brazil in 2008, with a fast growing number of surgeries performed each year. Objective Our primary endpoint is to analyze possible predictors of functional outcomes, related to patient and tumor features. As secondary endpoint, describe functional outcomes (urinary continence and sexual potency) from RARP performed in the Sírio-Libanês Hospital (SLH), a private institution, in São Paulo, from April 2008 to December 2015. Materials and Method Data from 104 consecutive patients operated by two surgeons from the SLH (MA and SA) between 2008 and 2015, with a minimum 12 months follow-up, were collected. Patient features (age, body mass index - BMI, PSA, date of surgery and sexual function), tumor features (tumor stage, Gleason and surgical margins) and follow-up data (time to reach urinary continence and sexual potency) were the variables collected at 1, 3, 6 and 12 month and every 6 months thereafter. Continence was defined as the use of no pad on medical interview and sexual potency defined as the capability for vaginal penetration with or without fosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Results Mean age was 60 years old and mean BMI was 28.45 kg/m2. BMI >30kg/m2 (p<0.001) and age (p=0.011) were significant predictors for worse sexual potency after surgery. After 1, 3, 6 and 12 months, 20.7%, 45.7%, 60.9% and 71.8% from patients were potent, respectively. The urinary continence was reached in 36.5%, 80.3%, 88.6% and 92.8% after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months, respectively. Until the end of the study, only one patient was incontinent and 20.7% were impotent. Conclusion Age was a predictor of urinary and erectile function recovery in 12 months. BMI was significant factor for potency recovery. We obtained in a private hospital good functional results after 12 months of follow-up.

Correlation of tools for objective evaluation of infravesical obstruction of men with lower urinary tract symptoms

ABSTRACT Purpose To identify how the most frequently used parameters in daily clinical practice diagnosing bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) due to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) correlate to each other. Materials and methods The study included 452 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) of the UNICAMP urology outpatient clinic of LUTS. Inclusion criteria: patients with BOO due to BPH who agreed to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria: patients with urinary tract infection, neurological diseases that compromised the lower urinary tract, prior prostatic surgery, radiotherapy or urethral stenosis. Patient assessment: history, international prostate symptoms score (IPSS), nocturnal quality of life score (NQoL) questionnaires, physical and digital rectal examination (DRE), PSA, transabdominal ultrasound with intravesical prostate protrusion (IPP), post-mictional residue and free uroflowmetry. Results There was no strong Spearman correlation among the studied variables. The only moderate correlations occurred between IPSS and NQoL (p <0001; c=0.56) and between IPP and prostate volume (p <0001; c=0.57). Weak correlations between IPP and post-mictional residue (p <0001; c=0.31) and free uroflowmetry (p <0001; c=-0.26); and between IPSS and free uroflowmetry (p <0001, c=-0.21) were observed. Conclusion In this study, we found moderate, weak, very weak and absent correlation among the various parameters used in the diagnosis and management of BOO due to BPH. As the value of these tools is variable, the creation of a logical and objective algorithm was not possible and the treatment is based on the interpretation of clinical symptoms.

Comparison of effectiveness and complications between two different methods of augmentation cystoplasty / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the effectiveness and complications between enterocystoplasty and small intestinal submucosa (SIS) cystoplasty through follow-ups of patients with augmentation cystoplasty in Peking University People's Hospital, offering alternative approach for future treatment.@*METHODS@#In this study, retrospective analyses were carried out in 10 patients who underwent enterocystoplasty or SIS cystoplasty in Peking University People's Hospital from November 2011 to December 2016. Clinical data were collected including medical history, surgical procedures, laboratory examinations and complications. And then regular follow-ups were developed. Ten patients were separated into groups of enterocystoplasty (n=6) and SIS cystoplasty (n=4), to compare their outcomes.@*RESULTS@#Ten patients all completed the follow-up interview. Five cases underwent augmentation cystoplasty with sigmoid colon, one with ileum and four with SIS cystoplasty successfully. The mean operative time was (302.0±66.6) min, and blood loss was (167.0±135.0) mL. The outcomes of the group of SIS cystoplasty were better in respects of the time of operation, intestinal function recovery, postoperative hospitalization duration and drainage removal. The average scores of American Urological Association symptom score (AUASS), overactive bladder syndrome score (OABSS), International Consultation on Incontinence questionnaire short form (ICI-Q-SF), and O'Leary-Sant Questionnaire were all improved in two groups. Two cases carried clean intermittent self catheterazion and two used long-term indwelling catheter. There were three patients with dilations of renal pelvises and ureters consistently or during bladder was filling preoperatively, and the situations were not going bad after the operations. The short-term complications included two cases of postoperative infection, one case of mild intestinal obstruction and one case of metabolic acidosis. The long-term complications included one case of ureteroinstestinal anastomosis strictures, three of urinary tract infection and one of long-term metabolic acidosis.@*CONCLUSION@#Enterocystoplasty and SIS cystoplasty are both effective operations to improve symptoms and protect upper urinary function, with no severe complications. Cystoscopic results showed satisfactory mucosa regeneration after SIS cystoplaty in refractory interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome. But the number of patients included were quite small and the follow-up period was not long enough. Prospective control study of larger number of patients with longer follow-ups are expected to find out the effectiveness and safety of SIS cystoplasty.