Alterações citológicas do sangue periférico e da medula óssea de cães com cinomose / Cytological alterations of the bone marrow and peripheral blood of dogs with canine distemper

Avaliaram-se o mielograma, o hemograma e a ocorrência de apoptose no sangue periférico e na medula óssea de cães com cinomose de ocorrência natural. Foram utilizados 15 cães distribuídos em dois grupos: (a) controle - seis animais clinicamente saudáveis com RT-PCR negativa para o vírus da cinomose canina (CC); (b) infectado - nove animais com manifestações clínicas de CC e RT-PCR positiva. Dos cães com CC, oito (88,9 por cento) apresentaram anemia discreta a moderada (hematócrito: 30,6 por cento), normocítica (VCM: 67,9fL) e normocrômica (CHCM: 34,1g/dL). Todos os animais apresentaram contagens médias normais de leucócitos totais (11600 células/µL) e neutrófilos segmentados (8802 células/µL). Linfopenia foi observada em cinco animais (55,6 por cento) e desvio nuclear dos neutrófilos para a esquerda em oito (88,9 por cento). As contagens médias de linfócitos e neutrófilos bastonetes foram, respectivamente, 1054 e 1508células/µL. No mielograma, todos os animais apresentaram celularidade e relação M:E dentro dos limites de referência. O hemograma e a medula óssea dos cães-controle não apresentaram alteração e não havia células em apoptose no esfregaço sanguíneo desses animais. Nos cães com CC, a média do índice apoptótico foi 0,73 por cento no esfregaço sanguíneo e 1,87 por cento na medula óssea. A apoptose, portanto, pode estar envolvida na patogênese das alterações hematológicas observadas na CC.

The myelogram, the hemogram, and the occurrence of apoptosis in peripheral blood and bone marrow in dogs with canine distemper (CD) of natural occurrence were studied. Fifteen dogs were distributed into two groups: (a) control - six clinically healthy animals with RT-PCR negative for canine distemper virus (CDV); and (b) infected - nine animals showing clinical CD manifestations and RT-PCR positive. The majority of dogs with CD (88.9 percent) presented discrete to moderate (hematocrit: 30.6 percent), normocytic (MCH: 67.9fL) and normochromic (MCHC: 34.1g/dL) anemia. All animals showed total leukocytes counting (11,600 cells/µL) and segmented neutrophils (8,802 cells/µL) within the limits of reference. Lymphopenia and left shift neutrophils were observed in 55.6 percent and 88.9 percent of the dogs, respectively. Additionally, the average counts of lymphocytes and neutrophils were 1,054 and 1,508cells/µL, respectively. The myelogram of all animals presented cellularity and M:E relation within the limits of reference. Haemogram and bone marrow of the control dogs had no alteration. Moreover, no apoptotic cells were detected in the smear of the peripheral blood of control animals. On the other side, dogs with CD presented a higher apoptotic index (AI), both in the peripheral blood (AI: 0.73 percent) and in the bone marrow (AI: 1.87 percent). Therefore, apoptosis may contribute to hematological changes observed in CD.

Perfil hematológico e avaliação eletroforética das proteínas séricas de cães com cinomose / Hematological profile and electrophoretic evaluation of serum proteins of dogs with canine distemper

The hematological and serum proteins electrophoretic profiles of 13 dogs with distemper (Lentz inclusion body in leukocytes) were studied. The most frequent hematological findings were: normocitic normocromic anemia (61%), leukopenia (46%), left shount (54%), trombocytopenia (69%) and lymphopenia (85%). Electrophoretic analysis of serum proteins showed hypoproteinemia (54%), with reduced albumin and increased alfa-2 globulin. These findings can be used to support the clinical diagnosis of canine distemper.