RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The present study was designed to assess the occurrence of co-infection or cross-reaction in the serological techniques used for detecting the anti-Leishmania spp., -Babesia canis vogeli and -Ehrlichia canis antibodies in urban dogs from an area endemic to these parasites. METHODS: The serum samples from dogs were tested for the Babesia canis vogeli strain Belo Horizonte antigen and Ehrlichia canis strain São Paulo by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and by anti-Leishmania immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody detection to assess Leishmania infection. We used the following four commercial kits for canine visceral leishmaniasis: ELISA, IFAT, Dual Path Platform (DPP) (Bio Manguinhos(r)/FIOCRUZ/MS) and a rK39 RDT (Kalazar Detect Canine Rapid Test; Inbios). RESULTS : Of 96 serum samples submitted to serological assays, 4 (4.2%) were positive for Leishmania as determined by ELISA; 12 (12.5%), by IFAT; 14 (14.6%) by rK39 RDT; and 20 (20.8%), by DPP. Antibodies against Ehrlichia and Babesia were detected in 23/96 (23.9%) and 30/96 (31.2%) samples, respectively. No significant association was identified between the results of tests for detecting Babesia or Ehrlichia and those for detecting Leishmania (p-value>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, we demonstrated co-infection with Ehrlichia or Babesia and Leishmania in dogs from Minas Gerais (Brazil); we also found that the serological tests that were used did not cross-react. .
Asunto(s)
Animales , Ratones , Apoptosis/fisiología , Regulación Enzimológica de la Expresión Génica/fisiología , Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas/genética , Retina/enzimología , Retina/crecimiento & desarrollo , Animales Recién Nacidos , Factor Inductor de la Apoptosis/metabolismo , Western Blotting , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Inmunohistoquímica , Etiquetado Corte-Fin in Situ , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Nucleosomas , Poli Adenosina Difosfato Ribosa/metabolismo , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , ARN Mensajero/metabolismoRESUMEN
A comparison of the mechanism of action of benzoyl peroxide, a tumor promoter was studied in three different cell lines i.e. NIH 3T3, HDCS and A431. Benzoyl peroxide was found to mediate its effect by inducing poly ADP-ribosylation in all the three cell types studied but to different extents, with histone H1 serving as a common acceptor for poly ADP-ribose. It also stimulated the activities of the antioxidant enzymes CuZn superoxide dismutase and catalase in NIH 3T3 and HDCS cells, but not in A431. Alterations in the expression of c-jun and c-fos were observed in NIH 3T3 and A431 cells. Benzoyl Peroxide appeared to mediate its effect via genetic and epigenetic mechanisms.