La prueba de inclinación (Tilt Test). 20 años de experiencia en el diagnóstico del Síncope neurocardiogénico Tilt Test: 20 years of experience in the diagnosis of the neurocardiogenic syncope / Tilt Test: 20 years of experience in the diagnosis of the neurocardiogenic syncope

Objetivo: Valorar los resultados de las pruebas de inclinación realizadas en un lapso de 2 décadas. Métodos: Este es un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se analizaron los resultados de las Pruebas de Inclinación (PI) realizadas entre 1997 y 2018 en forma consecutiva por una sola persona, inicialmente en el Hospital Clínica Bíblica, posteriormente en el Instituto del Corazón y finalmente en los últimos 17 años en el Centro Cardiológico Integral. Resultados: Se realizaron un total de 2705 pruebas entre los años de 1997 y el 2018. El 60% fue del sexo femenino. Se hicieron 245 pruebas a menores de 20 años (17.3%), 996 pruebas a personas entre 20 y 40 años (36.8%), 969 pruebas a pa cientes entre los 40 y 60 años (35.8%) y a 271 pacientes mayores de 60 años (10%). Del total de la muestra evaluada, 2316 pacientes presentaron un resultado positivo para alguna de los diferentes tipos de respuesta en la prueba de inclinación, equivalente al 85.6%, mientras que 389 pacientes obtuvieron un resultado negativo (respuesta normal), equivalente al 14.4%. En la mayor cantidad de pacientes la positividad de la prueba se presentó en la fase II, 72.7% (1683 pacientes), el 27.3% (633 pacientes) la manifestaron en la fase I. Se presentó una respuesta vasodepresora en 1120 pacientes (48.2%), respuesta mixta en 727 pacientes (31.3%), respuesta cardioinhibidora en 304 casos (13.1%). Además, 69 pacientes pre sentaron una respuesta sugestiva (2.9%) y 104 pacientes tuvieron otros tipos de respuestas (4.5%). De estos últimos, 48% correspondió al síndrome de taquicardia postural ortostática (POTS), 17% a incompetencia cronotrópica, 19% a hipoten sión ortostática y 16% a disautonomía. Un total de 43 pacientes (1,6%) presentaron hipersensibilidad del seno carotídeo. Conclusiones: La PI en nuestro medio tiene una adecuada sensibilidad en el diagnóstico del Síncope Neurocardiológico (SNCG) en los diferentes grupos de edad, es un método seguro, fácil de realizar y accesible a la mayoría de las personas que la requieran

Tilt Test: 20 years of experience in the diagnosis of the neurocardiogenic syncope Objective: To evaluate the results of the tilt tests carried out during 2 decades. Methods: This is an observational, descriptive and retrospective study. We analyzed the results of the tilt tests conducted between 1997 and 2018 consecutively by a single person, initially at the "Hospital Clínica Bíblica", later at the "Instituto del Corazón" and finally in the last 17 years at the "Centro Cardiológico Integral". Results: A total of 2705 tests were carried out between 1997 and 2018. Sixty percent were female. There were 245 tests for people under 20 years (17.3%), 996 tests for people between 20 and 40 years (36.8%), 969 tests for patients between 40 and 60 years (35.8%) and 271 patients older than 60 years (10%). Of the total sample evaluated, 2316 patients presented a positive result for some of the different types of response in the tilt test, equivalent to 85.6%, while 389 patients obtained a negative result (normal response), equivalent to 14.4%. In the largest number of patients, the positivity of the test was presented in phase II, 72.7% (1683 patients), and 27.3% (633 patients) manifested it in phase I. A vasodepressant response was presented in 1120 patients (48.2%), mixed response in 727 patients (31.3%), cardioinhibitory response in 304 cases(13.1%). In addition, 69 patients presented a suggestive response (2.9%) and 104 patients had other types of responses (4.5%). Of the latter, 48% corresponded to orthostatic postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS), 17% to chronotropic incompetence, 19% to orthostatic hypotension and 16% to dysautonomia. A total of 43 patients (1.6%) presented hypersensitivity of the carotid sinus. Conclusions: Tilt test in our environment has an adequate sensitivity in the diagnosis of the neurocardiogenic syncope in different age groups, it is a safe method, easy to perform and accessible to most people who require it.

Tilt table testing in the diagnostic evaluation of presyncope and syncope: a case-series report.

Tilt table testing has long been used as a standard tool in the diagnostic evaluation of syncope. However, differences of opinion exist with regard to its utility in the evaluation of patients with only presyncopal attacks. We present the results of drug-free, 70-degree head-up tilt table tests (maximum duration of 45 minutes), conducted between May 2002 and May 2003 in the Department of Physiology at JIPMER. This series consisted of both male and female patients (age 6-79 yr) with presyncope (n = 43), unexplained syncope (n = 43) and asymptomatic healthy volunteers without a history of syncope (n = 14). 28 out of 43 patients with unexplained syncope had a history of recurrent syncope while the remaining 15 had only 1 episode. 2 out of 43 patients (4.6%) with a history of only presyncopal attacks had a positive test (induction of intense presyncope and/or syncope accompanied by hypotension and/or a relative bradycardia). 21 out of 43 patients (49%) with a history of syncope had a positive test. 7 had vasodepressor syncope due to hypotension, 6 had cardioinhibitory syncope characterized by asystole and 10 had a mixed form of the vasovagal syndrome characterized by hypotension as well as bradycardia. 18 out of 28 patients (64%) with recurrent unexplained syncope had a positive test. All fourteen healthy volunteers had a negative test. We conclude that tilt table testing is useful in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with unexplained syncope, especially those with recurrent syncope, but not in the evaluation of patients with presyncope alone.

Síncopes y tilt test / Syncope and tilt test

El síncope se define como una pérdida brusca y fugaz del conocimiento y del tono postural debida a una isquemia y anoxia cerebrales transitorias que regresan sin dejar secuelas neurológicas. Se presenta una clasificación fisiopatológica de los síncopes que los agrupa en cardiogénicos, vasogénicos, neurogénicos y psicogénicos. Se señala que los más frecuentes con los síncopes vaso-vagales; que los más serios son los cardiogénicos y que los menos frecuentes son los neurogénicos y psicogénicos. Se describe el Tilt Test y se señala su utilidad en el diagnóstico de los síncopes vaso-vagales