Clinical Characteristics and Gene Mutations in 186 Cases of Kindler Syndrome / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and genetic mutations in Kindler syndrome(KS)and provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of KS. Methods The clinical data of one case of KS from Peking Union Medical College Hospital and 185 cases reported in literature were collected. The gene mutation types,patient clinical data,and tumor characteristics were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 186 cases were enrolled,including 110 males and 76 females,with the mean age of(28±16)years. The data of gene mutation and specific clinical manifestations were available in 151 and 94 patients,respectively. The main clinical manifestations of KS included poikiloderma,occurrence of blister in childhood,and photosensitivity,and the secondary clinical manifestations included oral inflammation,palmoplantar keratoderma,webbing/pseudoainhum,dysphagia,urethral stricture and so on.Oral inflammation(r=0.234,P=0.023),palmoplantar keratoderma(r=0.325,P=0.001),webbing/pseudoainhum(r=0.247,P=0.016),dysphagia(r=0.333,P=0.001),urethral stricture(r=0.280,P=0.006)were significantly correlated with age,showing significantly higher incidence in the patients over 32 years old.Urethral stricture(χ2=11.292,P=0.001)and anal stenosis(χ2=4.014,P=0.045)were significantly correlated with sex,with higher incidence in males.Eighty different mutations were found in 151 patients,and the most common gene mutation was c.676C>T.Forty-one tumors occurred in 27 patients,among which squamous cell carcinoma accounted for 92.7%. The gene mutation site had no significant correlation with squamous cell carcinoma or patient country. Conclusions The c.676C>T in FERMT1 gene is the most common mutation in KS.The patients are prone to squamous cell carcinoma and mainly attacked at the exposure sites(hand and mouth).

Osteoartropatía hipertrófica primaria y queratodermia palmoplantar: a propósito de un caso / Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and palmoplantar keratoderma: a case report

La acropaquia es un trastorno que puede presentarse en forma aislada o formar parte del síndrome de osteoartropatía hipertrófica, entidad caracterizada por periostosis, dolor articular y acropaquia. Cuando este síndrome es causado por una mutación genética específica, se denomina osteoartropatía hipertrófica primaria. Este raro desorden hereditario se asocia, además, a alteraciones dermatológicas típicas, como hiperseborrea, acné, engrosamiento de pliegues faciales, entre otras. Una asociación rara vez descrita es la queratodermia palmoplantar. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 46 años con osteoartropatía hipertrófica primaria asociada a queratodermia palmoplantar que asistió a la unidad de dermatología del Hospital Gustavo Fricke, Viña del Mar, Chile.

Clubbing is a disorder that can be an isolated finding or be part of the hypertrophic osteoarthropathy syndrome, an entity characterized by periostosis, joint pain and clubbing. When this syndrome is caused by a specific genetic mutation, it is called primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. This rare hereditary disorder is also associated with typical dermatological findings, such as hyperseborrhea, acne and facial feature coarsening. An association rarely described is palmoplantar keratoderma. We present the case of a 46-year-old woman with primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and palmoplantar keratoderma who came to the dermatology unit of Gustavo Fricke Hospital, Viña del Mar, Chile.

Diagnóstico diferencial de la queratodermia palmoplantar: [revisión] / Differential diagnosis of palmoplantar keratoderma in clinical practice: [review]

Las queratodermias palmoplantares representan un grupo heterogéneo de enfermedades caracterizadas por el engrosamiento anormal de la piel de las palmas de las manos y las plantas de los pies. La alteración de base es la excesiva formación de queratina. Existen variedades adquiridas vinculadas a otras enfermedades, como el caso del hidroarsenicismo crónico regional endémico. También existen numerosas formas congénitas de las cuales se han ido descubriendo los genes mutados y su localización cromosómica. En general, los genes mutados codifican para proteínas del tipo conexinas, relacionadas con la diferenciación celular conocida como "gap junction". Si bien se trata de una enfermedad eminentemente dermatológica, el clínico puede ser consultado dado que algunas causas adquiridas pueden ser inicialmente observadas por el internista. Se presenta una puesta al día que abarca las queratodermias palmoplantares congénitas con manifestaciones asociadas y sin ellas y las formas adquiridas.

Hereditary Palmoplantar Keratoderma and Deafness Resulting from Genetic Mutation of Connexin 26

Gap junctions, which mediate rapid intercellular communication, consist of connexins, small transmembrane proteins that belong to a large family of proteins found throughout the species. Mutations in the GJB2 gene, encoding Connexin 26, can cause nonsyndromic autosomal recessive or dominant hearing loss with or without skin manifestations. A 3-yr-old Korean female and her mother presented to our clinic with diffuse hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles (May 3, 2007). Skin biopsies from the soles of both patients demonstrated histopathological evidence of palmoplantar keratoderma. The patient and a number of her maternal family members also had congenital hearing loss. The combination of congenital hearing loss and palmoplantar keratoderma, inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, led us to test for a mutation in the GJB2 gene in both patients. The results showed the R75W mutation of the GJB2 gene in both. In conclusion, the simultaneous occurrence of a GJB2 mutation in a mother and daughter suggests that R75W mutation cause autosomal dominant hearing loss presenting with palmoplantar keratoderma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a GJB2 mutation associated with syndromic autosomal dominant hearing loss and palmoplantar keratoderma in a Korean family.

Hiperceratose palmoplantar adquirida e associada a carcinoma de esôfago: relato de um caso / Acquired hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles associated with esophageal carcinoma: a case report

A hiperqueratose palmoplantar adquirida tem sido correlacionada com várias neoplasias viscerais. O artigo descreve um caso de hiperqueratose palmoplantar adquirida do tipo estriado, associado a carcinoma epidermóide de esôfago. O aspecto linear e estriado é uma peculiaridade no presente caso, que o diferencia de outros já relacionados. O carcinoma esofágico foi tratado através de resseçäo cirúrgica total, que levou a regressäo completa das lesöes dermatológicas. Realiza-se uma revisäo bibliográfica a respeito da correlaçäo entre neoplasias e essa manifestaçäo cutânea, sendo também salientado o diagnóstico diferencial das várias hiperqueratose adquiridas de extremidade. Os autores salientam a importância de investigaçäo completa na presença dessas lesöes dermatológicas