Risk factors in neonatal anaerobic infections

Anaerobic bacteria are well known causes of sepsis in adults but there are few studies regarding their role in neonatal sepsis. In an attempt to define the incidence of neonatal anaerobic infections a prospective study was performed during one year period. A total number of 400 neonates under sepsis study were entered this investigation. Anaerobic as well as aerobic cultures were sent. The patients were subjected to comparison in two groups: anaerobic culture positive and anaerobic culture negative and this comparison were analyzed statistically. There were 7 neonates with positive anaerobic culture and 35 neonates with positive aerobic culture. A significant statistical relationship was found between anaerobic infections and abdominal distention and pneumonia. It is recommended for those neonates with abdominal distention and pneumonia refractory to antibiotic treatment to be started on antibiotics with anaerobic coverage

Prevalence of Factors involved in intracranial hemorrhage of premature neonates less than 34 weeks' gestation

Intracranial hemorrhage is one of the major causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity. It is the most severe cranial problem in that period. Those who survive would be affected by hydrocephalus, encephalomalacia, and finally brain atrophy. With accurate knowledge of risk factors, hemorrhage may be diagnosed earlier and the complications managed earlier. This study was performed in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Imam Khomeini Hospital. All the neonates less than 34 weeks of gestation were undergone intracranial sonography from Feb 2005 to Feb 2006. Sonography was performed via anterior fontanel with proper probe according to neonatal age. 113 neonates less than 34 weeks of gestation have been studied. Mean gestational age was 32 weeks. Mean neonatal weight were 1566 +/- 734 grams. Intracranial hemorrhage was evident in 21% of them; 16.8% was grade 1, 0.9% grade 2, 2.7% grade 3, 0.9% grade 4. The mean weight of neonates with hemorrhage was 1504.11 grams. Intracranial hemorrhage had correlation with respiratory acidosis and pneumothorax. The latter was also correlated with hemorrhage grade. Supposing the safety and non-invasiveness of intacranial sonography, we suggest performing sonography in all premature neonates with low birth weight, and also in those neonates with pneumothorax and respiratory acidosis

Effects of hypertension of pregnant mothers on neonates, Taleghani Hospital- 1999

Recent studies show that presence of hypertension during pregnancy results to neonatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to investigate and identify the neonatal out comes, which their mothers were afflicted with hypertension during pregnancy. This was a Cohort type of study and in this regard, 160 pregnant women with hypertension were considered from Obs and Gyn Department of Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Medical Sciences University. 80 pregnant women without hypertension were considered as control group. Morbidity and mortality were compared in these neonates. Results of this study showed that in group of mothers afflicted with hypertension, morbidity and mortality of neonates were 7.5 times, low apgar scores, 9 times birth of premature neonate, 3.5 times, low birth weight of neonate [fetal growth retardation] 2 times of control group. Since hypertension in pregnant women has many serious side effects for neonates, therefore it is recommended that there should be improved cares during pregnancy and on time of recognition and control of this disease, which can be lead to serious problems, and mortality of neonates