RESUMEN
This aim of this study was to assess the molecular mechanism of osteoporosis in schizophrenia patients with risperidone use. Here, we investigated the effects of risperidone on cellular proliferation and apoptosis of a preosteoblast cell line, MC3T3-E1. Cell viability and apoptotic rate of MC3T3-E1 were detected by cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry at a serial dose of risperidone and at different time points, respectively. Bone transformation relevant gene serum osteocalcin (BGP), collagen 1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) mRNA levels were determined by real-time PCR (qPCR). Their protein expression patterns were evaluated using western blot. The results revealed that risperidone dramatically inhibited MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. It also significantly induced MC3T3-E1 cell apoptosis. TNF-α gene and protein levels were greatly enhanced after risperidone treatment. In contrast, BGP, collagen 1, OPG, and RANKL gene and protein levels were markedly downregulated. Our study indicated that risperidone suppressed MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. It also regulated BGP gene and protein expression.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Osteoblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Risperidona/farmacología , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Osteocalcina/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular , Colágeno/efectos de los fármacos , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/efectos de los fármacos , Receptor Activador del Factor Nuclear kappa-B/efectos de los fármacos , Osteoprotegerina/efectos de los fármacos , Citometría de FlujoRESUMEN
Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic agent with dopamine and serotonin antagonistic effects. It is an effective treatment for reducing aggressive behavior in adults with mental retardation. The use of risperidone in a severely mental retarded child with aggression is described. Risperidone was able to reduce the aggressive behavior in this patient. No serious side effect was found. This case illustrated that risperidone is effective and well tolerated in treating aggressive behavior in children with severe mental retardation. However, the anti-aggressive effect of risperidone in mentally retarded children remains to be seen in a larger sample-size study.
Asunto(s)
Agresión/efectos de los fármacos , Antipsicóticos/farmacología , Niño , Humanos , Masculino , Discapacidad Intelectual/complicaciones , Risperidona/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Se analiza el concepto de síntoma negativo en las concepciones actuales de la esquizofrenia, especialmente los aportes de Crow, Andreasen y Carpenter. Se discute la importancia de los síntomas negativos dentro del cuadro clínico de la esquizofrenia. Se analiza el concepto de atipicidad de los antipsicóticos y se revisan los estudios acerca de su eficacia en el tratamiento de los síntomas negativos. Se concluye que los antipsicóticos atípicos son fármacos seguros y eficaces tanto en el tratamiento de los síntomas positivos como de los síntomas negativos de la esquizofrenia