Clinical analysis of 11 cases of lymphoma complicated with paraneoplastic neurological syndrome / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of patients with paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) associated with lymphoma. Methods: Between January 2012 and May 2021, the clinical data of 11 patients with lymphoma complicated with PNS treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Among the 11 patients (8 male and 3 female) , the median onset age was 61 (range, 33-78) years. The symptoms of PNS preceded lymphoma in 10 patients. The median time from the onset of PNS to the diagnosis of lymphoma was 4 months. Of the 11 patients, one had Hodgkin's lymphoma, 8 had B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 2 had peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Seven patients were evaluated for onconeural antibody, of whom 2 were positive (1 for anti-Ma2 antibody and 1 for anti-Yo antibody) . Of the 11 patients, the PNS symptoms of 3 patients were located in the central nervous system, 4 were located in the peripheral nervous system, and 3 were located in the muscle. Eight of the 11 patients were treated with glucocorticoid-based immunosuppressive therapy before the diagnosis of lymphoma. Patients with central nervous system involvement and dermatomyositis responded well to glucocorticoid, whereas patients with peripheral neuropathy did not significantly benefit. All 11 patients were treated with chemotherapy after the diagnosis of lymphoma. The efficacy of chemotherapy was assessed in 9 patients, 7 cases achieved complete remission, 1 case was evaluated as stable disease, and 1 case was evaluated as disease progression. The PNS symptoms of the patients who achieved complete response were almost completely recovered. The median follow-up time was 42 (range, 4-95) months. At the end of the follow-up period, 6 of the 11 patients survived, 3 were lost to follow-up, and 2 died. The median overall survival of the whole group was not reached. Conclusions: PNS can involve various parts of the nervous system and can be associated with different types of lymphoma. Through early diagnosis and treatment, the PNS symptoms could improve in most patients who achieve complete remission of lymphoma.

Cáncer de mama metastásico oculto: a propósito de un caso / Hidden Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Case Report

El cáncer de mama triple negativo es un tumor agresivo que, muy pocas veces en la clínica, se presenta con un síndrome neurológico paraneoplásico asociado a un carcinoma metastásico de origen desconocido. Este artículo reporta una paciente con tal asociación y que su caso fue discutida en Clínica Patológica Institucional(AU)

Triple negative breast cancer is an aggressive tumor that, in the clinic, rarely presents with a paraneoplastic neurological syndrome associated with a metastatic carcinoma of unknown origin. This article reports a patient with such an association and that was discussed in Institutional Pathological Clinic(AU)

Progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity: a paraneoplastic presentation of oat cell carcinoma of the lung. Case report

A encefalomielite progressiva com rigidez e mioclonia (PEWR) é doença neurológica rara, caracterizada por rigidez muscular, espasmos dolorosos, mioclonia e evidência de envolvimento de tronco cerebral e medula espinhal. Um paciente branco de 73 anos foi admitido com história de 10 dias de espasmos musculares dolorosos e rigidez muscular contínua no membro inferior esquerdo. Apresentava espasmos involuntários em membros inferiores e evoluiu com encefalopatia associada a sinais de nervos cranianos e sintomatologia de trato longo de medula espinhal. A tomografia computadorizada de crânio e a ressonância magnética de coluna foram normais. O LCR evidenciou pleocitose linfocítica, sem outras alterações. A EMG mostrou atividade muscular involuntária, de duração de 2-6 segundos, intervalo de 30-50 ms e uma freqüência de 2/segundo no membro inferior esquerdo. Foram detectados anticorpos anti-GAD no sangue. Na evolução, foram observados sinais radiográficos de neoplasia pulmonar, sendo posteriormente diagnosticado carcinoma de pequenas células de pulmão. O paciente faleceu duas semanas após o diagnóstico de câncer.