Salubridad y enfermedad en las minas de oro de Marmato en el siglo XIX: entre la epidemia de viruela y la guerra de los mil días / Healthiness and disease in Marmato gold mines during the 19th century: Between the smallpox plague and the War of a Thousand Days

Resumen | La minería ha tenido una gran influencia en las sociedades humanas, permeando por igual las riquezas del suelo y la cultura, lo que ha tenido profundas implicaciones para los individuos dedicados a esta labor y para los lugares en los que se lleva a cabo. En el presente artículo, se describen las características socioculturales y de sanidad, así como las enfermedades más frecuentes en las minas de oro de Marmato (Caldas) durante el siglo XIX. Las precarias condiciones de salubridad y las enfermedades tropicales infecciosas persistieron en la población durante todo el siglo.

Abstract | Mining has had a great influence on human societies permeating the riches of the soil and culture in equal proportion. This has led to profound changes in the individuals dedicated to this work and the locations where it takes place. In this historical review, we describe the socio-cultural and health characteristics, as well as the diseases associated with gold mining in Marmato (Caldas) during the 19th century. Poor salubrity conditions and tropical and infectious diseases were constant during the whole century.

Martí y Fidel. Artífices de la Salud Pública cubana y la continuidad en el séptimo Congreso del Partido Comunista de Cuba / Martí and Fidel. Makers of the Cuban Public health and the continuity in the Seventh Congress of the Partido Comunista de Cuba

A partir del 1ro. de enero de 1959 el gobierno revolucionario se dedicó a resolver los principales problemas de la salud, tanto urbano como rural en correspondencia con el programa del Moncada, hasta crear el Sistema Nacional de Salud y acometer su gradual perfeccionamiento al que Fidel dedicó gran parte de su tiempo y se logró alcanzar indicadores de países del primer mundo e incluso superarlos, inspirado en el legado martiano. El objetivo de este trabajo es destacar la continuidad del pensamiento de José Martí y de Fidel Castro a la salubridad Pública cubana, teniendo en cuenta un reto esencial que expresó Raúl, en el Informe Central del Séptimo Congreso del Partido: seguir mejorando los indicadores de salud del pueblo, la calidad de los servicios y en ello, la satisfacción de los cubanos y lograr un sistema más sostenible que siga tributando al desarrollo de la Salud Pública cubana (AU).

Since January 1st, 1959, the Revolutionary government started to solve the main rural and urban health problems in our country as it was stated in the Moncada Program and get its gradual development to which Fidel dedicated most of his time. Having reached the standards of the First world countries inspired in Martí´s Legacy, the goal of the present work is to outstand the continuity of José Martí and Fidel Castro´s thoughts about the Cuban Public Healt considering an essential challenge expressed by Raul in the Congress Seventh of the Communist Party: to improve the health standards of our people, the service quality, the Cuban people´s satisfaction and to achieve a sustainable health system that continues enhancing the development of the Cuban Public Health (AU).

El Sistema de Salud de la ciudad de Buenos Aires en el siglo xix en relación a las enfermedades de transmisión sexual / THE HEALTH SYSTEM IN THE CITY OF BUENOS AIRES DURING THE XIXth CENTURY, RELATED TO THE DISEASES OF SEXUAL TRANSMISSION

The health system of the City of Buenos Aires during the XIX century, related to the diseases of sexual transmission, is presented. The "General Hospital for Acute Diseases Dr. Juan A. Fernandez" of universitary character with a well gained prestige in his influencial zone, accumulates the highest technology in this programmatic area, and is today related with the great epidemic disease of sexual transmission from the XXth. Century: AIDS. Not always is well known the fact that, more than a century ago, this Institution was created to confront also to an epidemic of sexual transmission: syphilis. Is then purpose of this revision to introduce to the reader in the behavioral situation at the time of its foundation, the sanitary problems that conducted to its creation and the history of his former years, all of that related to the evolution of the sexually transmitted diseases at the endings of the XIX century.

Código de salud: Decreto No. 90-97 (65 p.) / Health Code: Decree No. 90-97

El código de salud es el decreto 90-97 el cual describe los derechos ciudadanos a la salud y el contar con los lineamientos políticos y de la estructura organizativa de la atención de salud en el país por medio del Ministerio de Salud Pública y Asistencia Social.