The one-stop clinic as the standard of out-patient care in a hospital urology department

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of a 'one-stop' clinic in terms of proportion of discharges or inclusion in surgical waiting lists. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients were referred from primary care facilities (population 220.646) and from different departments in the hospital. Eight senior urologists, two registered nurses and two nurse attendants participated in the experience. Prior to the start of the project, referral protocols had been agreed with the primary care physicians involved. Compliance with the protocols was periodically tested. Eventually 5537 first visits (January-December 2009) where evaluable. RESULTS: Overall, the 'one-stop' format proved feasible in 74.2 percent of the patients (4108/5537). Patients, who successfully used the 'one-stop' format, were significantly younger than those who required additional consultations (43 vs 50 years old, respectively, Student's t test < 0.001). For obvious reasons the 'one-stop' format was universally possible in male sterilization and penile phimosis patients. Similarly, the 'one-stop' policy was applied in most consultations due to male sexual dysfunction (75 percent) and urinary tract infection (73 percent). Other health problems, such as haematuria (62 percent) and renal colic (46 percent), required more than one visit so that care of the patient reverted to the traditional, outpatient care model. CONCLUSION: A 'one-stop' philosophy is feasible for a number of procedures in a urological outpatient clinic. The costs to implement such an approach would be limited to managerial expenditure.

Conocimiento que tienen los pacientes diabéticos sobre el manejo integral de su enfermedad en consulta externa de endocrinología del Hospital Obrero No. 2 C.N.S., en el mes de agosto del 2008 / Knowledge that there have the diabetic patients on the integral managing of his(its) disease in external consultation of endocrinology of the Working(Labour) Hospital Not. 2 C.N.S., in August, 2008

La diabetes mellitus es un trastorno metabólico complejo que puede expresarse clínicamente como diabetes mellitus insulino dependiente (DMID) y diabetes mellitus no insulino dependiente (DMNID). El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar el conocimiento que tienen los pacientes diabéticos sobre el manejo integral de su enfermedad. La investigación se realizó desde el enfoque cuantitativo, tomando como grupo de estudio a 64 pacientes, los cuales representan el 100%. Para la recolección de los datos se empleó el cuestionario que fue de elaboración propia.La investigación demostró que la edad en la que se presenta con mayor frecuencia la diabetes es de 51 a 60 años que alcanza un 47%. En cuanto al sexo, hay mayor predominio en las mujeres en un 68% de la población encuestada, de los cuales el 45% de este grupo de estudio detectaron su enfermedad hace más de 5 años.El 56% de los pacientes encuestados no recibió ninguna orientación sobre el manejo de su enfermedad, por lo que no tienen un conocimiento claro sobre lo que es la diabetes, los signos y síntomas que se presentan, el tratamiento que deben seguir en cuanto a la dieta, el ejercicio, la insulinoterapia y el 38% de estos pacientes no realizan un adecuado control de su glucemia.Este estudio demuestra que si los pacientes diabéticos no tienen un conocimiento claro sobre el manejo de su enfermedad no podrán prevenir complicaciones a corto y largo plazo.

Reducing Patient Waiting Time for the Outpatient Phlebotomy Service Using Six Sigma / 대한진단검사의학회지

BACKGROUND: One of the challenging issues of the outpatient phlebotomy services at most hospitals is that patients have a long wait. The outpatient phlebotomy team of Kyungpook National University Hospital applied six sigma breakthrough methodologies to reduce the patient waiting time. METHODS: The DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) model was employed to approach the project. Two hundred patients visiting the outpatient phlebotomy section were asked to answer the questionnaires at inception of the study to ascertain root causes. After correction, we surveyed 285 patients for same questionnaires again to follow-up the effects. RESULTS: A defect was defined as extending patient waiting time so long and at the beginning of the project, the performance level was 2.61 sigma. Using fishbone diagram, all the possible reasons for extending patient waiting time were captured, and among them, 16 causes were proven to be statistically significant. Improvement plans including a new receptionist, automatic specimen transport system, and adding one phlebotomist were put into practice. As a result, the number of patients waited more than 5 min significantly decreased, and the performance level reached 3.0 sigma in December 2007 and finally 3.35 sigma in July 2008. CONCLUSIONS: Applying the six sigma, the performance level of waiting times for blood drawing exceeding five minutes were improved from 2.61 sigma to 3.35 sigma.

Inappropriate prescription of allopurinol in a teaching hospital.

BACKGROUND: Allopurinol is a drug that is widely used to treat hyperuricemia, but it is often prescribed inappropriately. OBJECTIVE: The authors conducted a study to look for the appropriate allopurinol prescription and diagnosis of gout in the out-patient clinics at a university hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD: One hundred and forty-five patients who were newly prescribed allopurinol (128 males and 17 females, mean +/- SD age of 58.5 +/-14.1 years) were enrolled in this study. RESULT: Only 77 (53.1%) received allopurinol with appropriate indications. Thirty-eight patients (26.2%) did not have allopurinol dose adjustment according to the patients' creatinine clearance. Among 131 patients, prescribed allopurinol for the diagnosis of gout, only 55 (42.0%) were diagnosed in accordance with the American Rheumatism Association criteria. CONCLUSION: Inappropriate use of allopurinol (both the indication and prescribed dosage) and inappropriate diagnosis of gout are major problems even in a large teaching hospital. An educational campaign program is warranted for achieving appropriate diagnosis of gout, and eliminating the inappropriate use of allopurinol.

Qualidade da anticoagulação oral em ambulatório especializado de hospital terciário: um estudo piloto / Quality of oral anticoagulation in a specialized outpatient clinic of a terciary care center: a pilot study

Introdução: A anticoagulação oral constitui prática complexa, requerendo monitorização contínua de INR, educação do paciente e da equipe assistente, que deve dispor, ainda, de estrutura para manejo das complicações do tratamento.Objetivo: Descrever o perfil dos pacientes em acompanhamento no Ambulatório de Anticoagulação Oral do Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre e identificar a porcentagem de pacientes dentro do INR alvo determinado.Material e métodos: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo com a análise das fichas de acompanhamento ambulatorial dos pacientes vinculados ao Ambulatório de Anticoagulação Oral do Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Foram registrados características dos pacientes, doenças associadas, medicamentos em uso, indicação da anticoagulação, INR alvo, eventos embólicos e sangramentos e porcentagem de pacientes dentro do INR alvo ao longo das consultas, entre outros. Resultados: Foram analisados 189 pacientes (60 mais ou menos 16 anos), com tempo de acompanhamento médio de 15 mais ou menos 10 meses e média de consultas por paciente de 10,3 mais ou menos 6,3. A média de consultas até ser atingindo o INR alvo foi de 3 mais ou menos 2,3. As indicações mais freqüentes de anticoagulação crônica foram a presença de fibrilação atrial em 95 (50,3 por cento) pacientes e as próteses valvulares mecânicas em 119 (63 por cento) pacientes. Os anticoagulantes em uso foram varfarina em 80 por cento dos casos e femprocumona em 20 por cento. Em relação à porcentagem de consultas em que os pacientes se mantiveram dentro do INR alvo observou-se que apenas 7 por cento dos pacientes estiveram dentro do INR alvo em 81-100 por cento das consultas. Considerando a primeira,décima e vigésima consultas, 63 por cento, 40 por cento e 25 por cento dos pacientes encontravam-se fora do INR alvo (P<0,01). Sangramentos ocorreram em 65 (34.4 por cento) pacientes, e eventos tromboembólicos ocorreram em apenas 3 pacientes...

Improvement of diabetic care at Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital (the study of Diabcare-Asia from 1997 to 2003).

Diabcare-Asia, the largest, multicenter observational study in Asia, surveyed the status of diabetic control among Asian diabetics, including Thais. Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital is a regional hospital in Northeast Thailand that participated in Diabcare-Asia. In 1997, 1998 and 2003, the authors recruited 200, 100, 204 diabetic patients for analysis, respectively. Most (93 per cent) of the patients had type 2 diabetes. In the present study, patients with a BMI > or = 25 kg/m2 increased from 38, 45 and 47 percent in 1997, 1998 and 2003, respectively. Annual check-ups for diabetic complications increased to nearly 100 per cent by 2003; however, only 72 per cent were examined for diabetic retinopathy, but that number is up from the 33 per cent in 1997. In the present study, diabetic retinopathy was detected in 8, 16 and 25 per cent of patients, respectively. Diabetic nephropathy (urine albumin > or = 1 + by urine strip) decreased from approximately 50 per cent in 1997/98 to 19 per cent in 2003. Patients were able to achieve the target blood sugar better than in the past. The number of patients with HbA1c < 7 per cent and FPG < or = 130 mg/dL was 8, 21, 38 and 30, 39 and 40 per cent in 1997, 1998 and 2003, respectively. The proportion of patients who achieved the American Diabetic Association blood pressure, total cholesterol and LDL-C targets in 2004 was < 50 per cent. In conclusion, the present study showed the improvement of diabetic control at Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital between 1997 and 2003. A similar hospital-based diabetic care system should be implemented at other Thai hospitals for the early identification and prevention of diabetic complications in the future.

Identificação de necessidades e expectativas dos pacientes de uma clínica de catarata / Identification of patients' needs and expectations in a cataract clinic connected with a university public hospital

OBJETIVO: Identificar as necessidades e expectativas dos pacientes de uma clínica de catarata vinculada a um hospital público universitário. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal em amostra de pacientes do Instituto da Catarata (InCat) - Departamento de Oftalmologia - Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP), distribuídos em dois grupos: pacientes não operados de catarata e pacientes operados. A abordagem dos pacientes foi feita em duas etapas: 1) realização de quatro grupos de foco (dois para cada grupo) para se determinar os atributos mais valorizados pelos pacientes (estudo qualitativo); 2) elaboração de questionário com perguntas relacionadas aos atributos, que foi aplicado a uma amostra representativa dos pacientes da clínica (estudo quantitativo) para saber o grau de satisfação em relação aos atributos. RESULTADOS: As principais expectativas estão relacionadas: 1) ao resultado do tratamento; 2) a uma estrutura que acomode a todos confortavelmente; 3) serem respeitados por todos os profissionais que os atendem; e 4) à tecnologia usada no tratamento. Os maiores índices de satisfação referem-se ao material informativo, ao atendimento dos médicos e à aparelhagem; os menores índices relacionam-se ao atendimento telefônico, ao espaço físico, à organização das filas e à dificuldade de contato. CONCLUSÕES: A avaliação da qualidade do atendimento e da imagem do InCat é positiva. As razões de escolha relacionam-se com aspectos econômicos e financeiros e a maioria dos pacientes voltaria a utilizar os serviços da clínica e a indicaria para outras pessoas.

Detection of the "small for gestational age" fetus: comparison of a teaching hospital with field clinics.

INTRODUCTION: Low birthweight babies make a disproportionate contribution to perinatal morbidity and mortality. Antenatally they manifest as "small for gestational age" fetuses. Their detection is an important aspect of antenatal care. OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of antenatal detection of "small for gestational age", fetuses by a clinic in a teaching hospital and field clinics. DESIGN: Comparative descriptive study. SETTING: Professorial Obstetric Unit of De Soysa Maternity Hospital, Colombo. METHODS: Antenatal records of 67 consecutive women who delivered low birthweight babies at term were reviewed. Entries in the teaching hospital clinic records and the pregnancy record of the field clinics were studied. A deviation corresponding to more than two weeks' growth was considered significant. The period of gestation at which the deviation was first detected and any follow up action taken were noted. RESULTS: Of the total sample of 67 women 56 had also attended a field clinic. A significantly greater percentage of small for dates fetuses were detected by the primary care staff (71.4 vs 53.7%; p < 0.05). They also detected them earlier in pregnancy (26.4 vs 30.7 weeks; p < 0.05). However, referral for specialised care was arranged only in 32% by the field clinics. CONCLUSION: The detection rate of small for gestational age fetuses by staff of field clinics was close to the higher rates quoted in the literature. Only a minority of these fetuses were assessed further in both settings indicating a deficiency in antenatal care.