Reporte de caso de síndrome FATCO: aplasia fibular, campomelia de tibia y oligosindactilia / A case report of a patient with FATCO syndrome: fibular aplasia, tibial campomelia and oligosyndactyly

El síndrome FATCO, por las siglas en inglés de aplasia fibular (Fibular Aplasia), campomelia de tibia (Tibial Campomelia) y oligosindactilia (Oligosyndactyly), es un conjunto de malformaciones óseas, en las que la alteración se centra en los huesos de la pierna. Es una entidad rara y hay pocos casos descritos en la Literatura internacional, y, hasta ahora, no se ha descrito ningún caso en Colombia. Presentamos aquí el caso de un recién nacido de sexo masculino con signos clínicos de manera prenatal y posnatal consistentes con síndrome FATCO sin otras malformaciones asociadas. Exponemos también una breve discusión sobre las diferentes malformaciones óseas y otros casos de FATCO en el mundo.

The FATCO syndrome, (Fibular Aplasia, Tibial Campomelia and Oligosyndactyly) are bone malformations with main alteration in lower limbs. It is a rare entity and there are few cases reported in international literature, and so far there are not published cases in Colombia. Here we present a case of a male newborn with prenatal and postnatal signs consistent with FATCO syndrome without other organs malformations, and there is a brief discussion about this syndrome and other different malformations associated with it.

Piel marmórea telangiectasica congenita y sindactilia en un recién nacido prematuro: A proposito de un caso / Congenital cutis marmorata telangiectatica and syndactyly in a preterm: Case report

La piel marmórea telangiectásica congenita (cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita, CMTC) es una anomalía vascular congenita rara, a menudo benigna, localizada o generalizada, de etiología desconocida. Se caracteriza por piel marmórea persistente, telangiectasia y flebectasia. Podrían presentarse manifestaciones extracutáneas asociadas con la CMTC en el 18,8-70% de los casos. El diagnóstico de este trastorno se basa en los hallazgos clínicos. El pronóstico es bueno y suele mejorar dentro de los dos años de vida. En este artículo presentamos el caso de un varón recien nacido con CMTC en la piel de todas las extremidades, el tronco y el rostro, y una anomalía asociada, que incluía sindactilia. Presentamos este caso debido a su rareza.

Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC) is a rare, commonly benign, congenital, localized or generalized vascular anomaly of unknown aetiology. It is characterized by persistent cutis marmorata, telangiectasia and phlebectasia. Extracutaneous findings may be associated with CMTC in 18.8-70% of the cases. Diagnosis of the disorder is based on the clinical findings. The prognosis is good and improvement is observed within 2 years after birth. Herein, we report a case of a male neonate with CMTC presented on the skin of all his limbs, trunk and face, and an associated anomaly including syndactyly. We present this case because of its rarity.

Sclerosterosis (Truswell-Hansen disease).

Sclerosteosis or Truswell-Hansen disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by dense bones, tall stature, and syndactyly. Most of the reports are from South Africa. Here we report the first such case from India.

Sudden Cardiac Arrest during Anesthesia in a 30-Month-Old Boy with Syndactyly: A Case of Genetically Proven Timothy Syndrome

Timothy syndrome, long QT syndrome type 8, is highly malignant with ventricular tachyarrhythmia. A 30-month-old boy had sudden cardiac arrest during anesthesia induction before plastic surgery for bilateral cutaneous syndactyly. After successful resuscitation, prolonged QT interval (QTc, 0.58-0.60 sec) and T-wave alternans were found in his electrocardiogram. Starting beta-blocker to prevent further tachycardia and collapse event, then there were no more arrhythmic events. The genes KCNQ1, KCNH2, KCNE1 and 2, and SCN5A were negative for long QT syndrome. The mutation p.Gly406Arg was confirmed in CACNA1C, which maintains L-type calcium channel depolarization in the heart and other systems.

Síndrome de Fraser: relato de caso / Fraser syndrome: case report

A síndrome de Fraser é uma condição sistêmica caracterizada por criptoftalmo, sindactilia e anomalia da genitália, podendo ainda estar associada a alterações dos rins, do ouvido, do nariz, da laringe e do esqueleto. O criptoftalmo pode representar um achado isolado, relatado como herança autossômica dominante, ou associado a outras anomalias congênitas, relatado como herança autossômica recessiva. RMSA, sexo feminino, três meses, avaliada no ambulatório geral de oftalmologia do Instituto Brasileiro de Oftalmologia e Prevenção à Cegueira. Filha de pais consangüíneos. Genitora referia tio e irmão com a mesma alteração. Ao exame, foram observados criptoftalmo total à direita, nariz em sela, implantação baixa das orelhas, malformação de conduto auditivo, clitoromegalia, aumento de grandes lábios e sindactilia de mãos e pés. A ultra-sonografia (USG) abdominal evidenciou agenesia renal à esquerda. A USG ocular do olho direito mostrou diminuição do diâmetro ântero-posterior, desorganização do segmento anterior, afacia e descolamento total da retina. A patogênese da criptoftalmia ainda não foi determinada, mas a consangüinidade tem sido apontada por vários autores como fator de grande importância. Os médicos devem estar atentos para as manifestações clínicas e o diagnóstico preciso para que estes pacientes possam ser acompanhados por uma equipe multidisciplinar e os casais tenham o devido aconselhamento genético.

Fraser syndrome is a systemic condition characterized by cryptophthalmos, syndactyly and abnormal genitalia, which may be associated with urinary tract, ear, nose, larynx and skeletal abnormalities. Cryptophthalmos can be an isolated finding (that has been reported as an autosomal dominant trait) or associated with other congenital anomalies (reported as an autosomal recessive disorder). RMSA, female, 3 m.o., evaluated in the general clinic of the Instituto Brasileiro de Oftalmologia e Prevenção à Cegueira. Child of consanguineous parents. The same finding was observed in an uncle and one of her brothers. Her physical examination showed total unilateral cryptophthalmos (right side), depressed nasal bridge, low set ears, atresia of the external auditory canal, enlarged clitoris, prominent labia majora and syndactyly of the fingers and toes. Ultrasonography of the abdomen showed renal agenesis (left side). Ocular ultrasonography showed a reduced anterior-posterior ocular diameter, anterior segment disorganization, absence of the lens and total retinal detachment in the right eye. The pathogenesis of cryptophthalmia has not as yet been determined, but consanguinity has been reported by many authors as a very important factor. Doctors should be attentive to the clinical findings and the correct diagnosis in order to offer these patients a thorough follow-up and realistic genetic counseling to their parents.

Fraser-cryptophthalmos syndrome with colonic atresia.

Fraser cryptophthalmos syndrome is a severe genetic disorder comprising of cryptophthalmos, syndactyly and genitourinary abnormalities. Gastrointestinal malformations are also increasingly being described. We describe a neonate with this syndrome having colonic atresia leading to cecal rupture and pneumoperitoneum.

Cryptophthalmos--syndactyly syndrome.

A 5 months old female baby was presented with congenital abnormality at the outpatients' department. She had syndactyly of proximal and middle phalanges of middle and ring fingers of both the hands and third and fourth toes of right foot. Ocular examination showed absent eyebrows and eyelashes and shallow orbits. The diagnosis was made of cryptophthalmos--syndactyly syndrome. She was operated upon. The outcome of the operation was very poor and the end result was disappointing.

Malformaciones congénitas de las manos: casuistica en el Hospital Universitario Dr. Ángel Larralde: enero 2001- diciembre 2005 / Congenital malformations of the hands in case the Hospital Universitario Dr. Angel Larralde: january 2001 - december 2005

Las malformaciones congénitas de las manos comprenden una amplia variedad de deformidades. La afectación puede ser uni o bilateral, y la anomalía puede ser un cuadro aislado o formar parte de una displasia esquelética. Las más frecuentes son Sindactilia, la polidactilia. Un Estudio descriptivo, retrospectiva seccional, basado en la revisión de historias entre Enero 2001 a Diciembre 2005. Determinar la incidencia de Malformaciones Congénitas en el área de Consulta de Cirugía de la mano infantil. La polidactilia se presentó en 57,2 por ciento, la Sindactilia en 30 por ciento, el 55,1 por ciento, fue menor a 3 años, sexo Masculino en 57 por ciento. El 70 por ciento provenientes de la ciudad de Valencia. El 59 por ciento de los pacientes se resolvió quirúrgicamente. La cicatriz retractil fue la complicación más frecuente con 3,8 por ciento.

Fraser-cryptophthalmos syndrome.

Fraser or Cryptophthalmos syndrome is a variable syndrome to the extent that cryptophthalmos might not be present in all cases. However, the main features are a "hidden eye", other craniofacial abnormalities, renal abnormalities, syndactyly and abnormal genitalia. It may be classified as isolated cryptophthalmos or cryptophthalmos sequence and cryptophthalmos syndrome. The cryptophthalmos syndrome has an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Isolated cryptophthalmos has been reported as an autosomal dominant trait. Prenatal diagnosis is possible using ultrasonography and fetoscopy. We report three cases of cryptophthalmos. One with renal agenesis had cryptophthalmos syndrome and the other two had isolated cryptophthalmos or cryptophthalmos sequence.

Sindrome de Moebius-Poland: relato de caso / Moebius-Poland syndrome: case report

A sindrome de Moebius e uma anomalia congenita rara, caracterizada por um desenvolvimento anormal do nucleos de pares cranianos, no tronco cerebral, mais comumente o VI par (abducente) e o VII par (facial), associada a malformacoes nas extremidades dos membros. Os autores de modo geral designam esta sindrome pelo nome de Moebius ou Mobius. A etiologia da doenca ainda e obscura. Alguns autores portulam a hipotese de um defeito congenito ectodermico envolvendo primariamente os nucleos de pares cranianos, o tronco cerebral e os nervos perifericos sendo a displasia muscular secundaria a esta lesao. Os pacientes portadores de sindrome de Moebius sao pessoas normais com dificuldade de se comunicar com o meio ambiente, cabendo a equipe multiprofissional integra-los na sociedade

Fraser syndrome.

Fraser Syndrome is a rare disorder with only a few cases having been described in Indian literature. We report here a case of a patient aged 16 yr present with primary amenorrhea which is a very unusual mode of presentation. Multiple associated anomalies were present including those of eyelids, eyebrow, face, fingers and genitalia. Chromosome analysis revealed a normal female karyotype. Pituitary gonadotropins were within normal range.