Absence seizure associated with coloprep consumption in colonoscopy / Convulsão de ausência com o uso de Coloprep em colonoscopia

Coloprep is a bowel preparatory solution given before endoscopic procedures to get a unobscured internal vision. It has among its constituent's sodium sulphate, potassium sulphate and magnesium sulphate which produce an osmotic effect in the bowel. However, the use of such agents in hyponatremic and patients predisposed to seizures can have adverse ramifications. The current case outlines manifestation of absence seizure in a 52-year-old male patient who was administered Coloprep for colonoscopy. There was absence of other predisposing factors and the symptoms were ameliorated using timely identification and rectification of the underlying derangements.

Coloprep é uma solução preparatória intestinal administrada antes de procedimentos endoscópicos, com o objetivo de se ter uma visão interna não obscurecida. Entre os constituintes de Coloprep, observa-se sulfato de sódio, sulfato de potássio e sulfato de magnésio, que provocam efeito osmótico no intestino. Mas o uso de tais agentes em pacientes hiponatrêmicos e com predisposição para convulsões pode ter ramificações adversas. O caso em tela delineia uma manifestação de convulsão de ausência em paciente do gênero masculino com 52 anos e que recebeu Coloprep para colonoscopia. Não havia outros fatores predisponentes e os sintomas melhoraram graças à oportuna identificação e correção dos transtornos subjacentes.

Lithium-induced sinus node dysfunction at therapeutic serum levels.

Lithium-induced cardiotoxicity, though rare at therapeutic levels, has been reported frequently in overdoses. We report a patient who developed sinus bradycardia while being treated with lithium carbonate even though the serum lithium levels were within the therapeutic range. It reversed following withdrawal of lithium and did not reappear with subsequent treatment with valproate.

In vivo efficacy of alkaline peroxide tablets and mouthwashes on Candida albicans in patients with denture stomatitis

OBJECTIVE: Effective cleaning of dentures is important for the maintenance of good oral hygiene for denture stomatitis patients. The in vivo efficacy of three different brands of alkaline peroxide tablets (Polident, Efferdent, and Fittydent) and two mouthwashes (CloSYS II and Corsodyl) to eliminate Candida albicans on dentures was evaluated in this in vivo study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety denture wearers with clinical evidence of denture stomatitis were randomly divided into 5 test groups and 1 control group. Each group was further divided into three subgroups in which the dentures were subjected to 15-, 30-, and 60-min disinfection procedures. The dentures of each test group were treated with one of the cleaners, while those of the control group were treated with distilled water. Swab samples from the palatal surfaces (2 cm x 2 cm template delimited area) of the upper dentures were obtained before and after 15, 30, and 60 min periods of cleaner use and examined mycologically. RESULTS: The reduction in the number of colony-forming units (CFU) of C. albicans before, and after 15, 30, and 60 min of use of CloSYS II and Corsodyl was significantly greater than that of the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) among Polident, Efferdent and the control group in any of the treatment periods. Dentures treated with Fittydent appeared to have a significantly greater reduction in the number of Candida spp. only after 60 min of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that the use of mouthwashes significantly reduced the number of microorganisms on dentures.

Homeopathic drugs Natrum sulphuricum and Carcinosin prevent azo dye-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice.

The study was undertaken to examine whether Carcinosin-200 (Car-200) could provide additional ameliorative effect, if used intermittently with Natrum sulphuricum-30 (Nat Sulph-30) against hepatocarcinogenesis induced by chronic feeding of p-dimethylaminoazobenzene (p-DAB) and phenobarbital (PB) in mice (Mus musculus). Mice were randomly divided into seven sub-groups: (i) normal untreated; (ii) normal + succussed alcohol; (iii) p-DAB (0.06%) + PB (0.05%); (iv) p-DAB + PB + succussed alcohol, (v) p-DAB + PB + Nat Sulph-30, (vi) p-DAB + PB + Car-200, and (vii) p-DAB + PB + Nat Sulph-30 + Car-200. They were sacrificed at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days for assessment of genotoxicity through cytogenetical end-points like chromosome aberrations, micronuclei, mitotic index and sperm head anomaly and cytotoxicity through assay of widely accepted biomarkers and pathophysiological parameters. Additionally, electron microscopic studies and gelatin zymography for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were conducted in liver at 90 and 120 days. Results showed that administration of Nat Sulph-30 alone and in combination with Car-200 reduced the liver tumors with positive ultra-structural changes and in MMPs expression, genotoxic parameters, lipid peroxidation, -glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, blood glucose, bilirubin, creatinine, urea and increased GSH, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase activities and hemoglobin, cholesterol, and albumin levels. Thus, intermittent use of Car-200 along with Nat Sulph-30 yielded additional benefit against genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by the carcinogens during hepatocarcinogenesis.

Dentinal hypersensitivity?--Can this agent be the solution?

AIM: To test the efficacy of desensitizing tooth paste containing EMS salts in alleviating dentinal hypersensitivity, reducing plaque accumulation, and reducing gingivitis. METHODS: A randomised, single blind, parallel placebo controlled study was conducted in 40 cases. The cases were randomly assigned to test and control groups. The test group was instructed to use the test tooth paste (containing EMS salts) and control group a placebo tooth paste (without any therapeutic agents) for a period of 6 weeks. The hypersensitivity levels were measured with scratchometer and verbal rating scale. Student t test and wilcoxon's Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the test and control groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results indicated that both the test as well as the control toothpastes were effective in alleviating dentinal hypersensitivity as well as reducing gingivitis. However, the test toothpaste was superior in alleviation of dentinal hypersensitivity.

Açäo de agentes químicos e físicos sobre ovos de Lagochilascaris minor, (Leiper, 1909) / In vitro effect of chemical and physical agents on viability and embriogenesis of eggs of Lagochilascaris minor (Liper, 1909)

Ovos recém-eliminados em fezes de gatos indectados experimentalmente com Lagochilascaris minor foram testados quanto à ação de vários agentes químicos (álcool etílico, hipoclorito, formaldeído e lugol em várias concentrações) e agentes físicos (congelamento - 10ºC, auecimento 80 /97 ºC) para se verificar o índice de letalidade através do percentual de embiogênese. Estes ovos foram colocados sob a ação desses agentes por um período de 24 horas. Após este período foram lavados por 3 vezes em água destilada e mantidos em placas de pertri com solução entre lâminas e lamínulas ao microscópio óptico. O aquecimento a 90 ºC, álcool etílico a 99 ºC, lugol (100 pôr cento, 50 pôr cento, 25 pôr cento, 12,5 pôr cento, 6,25 pôr cento, 3,125 pôr cento) apresentaram o índice de letalidade de 100 pôr cento

Tratamento da deficiência de ferro em doadores de sangue: estudo comparativo entre sulfato ferroso e ferro proteinsuccinilato / Treatment of iron deficiency conditions in blood donors: controlled study of irn sulphate versus iron protein succinylate

ferro proteinsuccinilato é um novo preparado de ferro para administraçåo oral. Em estudo comparativo com o sulfato ferroso, em 40 doadores de sangue com baixos níveis de ferro de depósito, o tratamento por 30 dias com o ferro proteinsuccinilato resultou em maior absorçåo do ferro em comparaçåo com a droga de referência. A concentraçåo sérica de feroo aumentou significantemente em comparaçåo com os valores basais somente nos pacientes que receberam o ferro proteinsuccinilato. A quantidade de ferro de depósito, avaliada pelos níveis séricos de ferritina, aumentaram significativamente em ambos os grupos de tratamento

Corneal involvement in acrodermatitis enteropathica: a case report.

A case of acrodermatitis enteropathica occurred with corneal changes consisting of superficial punctate lesions, nebulous subepithelial opacities and linear epithelial erosions. These manifestations exacerbated intermittently whenever the patient ran out of her oral zinc sulphate therapy, but regressed and disappeared when she resumed her medication.

O zinco no tratamento de degeneraçäo hepatolenticular: a propósito de 3 casos / The zinc in the treatment of hepatolenticular degeneration: apropos of 3 cases

Säo descritos três casos de degeneraçäo hepatolenticular (DHL) em que o efeito nefrotóxico da D-penicilina (DO) levou à substituiçäo dessa droga por zinco, com resultados satisfatórios. O tempo médio de tratamento com zinco nos casos descritos foi de 2 anos e 7 meses. Com base nos dados de literatura e na experiência com esses pacientes, os autores consideram que os sais de zinco podem ser uma alternativa para o tratamento da DHL quando a DP determina o aprecimento de efeitos colaterais graves que levam à sua retirada definitiva

Dermatose pustulosa erosiva do couro cabeludo / Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp

Apresenta-se o primeiro caso brasileiro da dermatose pustulosa erosiva do couro cabeludo. Mulher de 70 anos vem apresentando a doença há 16 anos, caracterizada por área de eritema e descamaçäo salpicada por pústulas, localizada no vértice. Houve a transformaçäo carcinomatosa da lesäo que foi detectada no exame histopatológico. Discute-se o diagnóstico diferencial com a foliculite descalvante e os tratamentos com corticosteroides e sulfato de zinco, propostos na literatura, bem como o tratamento com 5-fluoruracil

Effect of zinc administration on seminal zinc and fertility of oligospermic males.

Fourteen infertile males (age 24-45 years; married over 2 years) with idiopathic oligospermia (sperm count less than 40 millions/ml) were investigated for the effect of oral zinc sulphate (220 mg) for 4 months on their serum and seminal zinc levels, and seminal parameters. With zinc administration serum zinc levels remained essentially unaffected, however, seminal zinc levels increased significantly. There was significant improvement in sperm count, number of progressively motile and normal spermatozoa, and acid phosphates activity. Wives of 3 patients conceived. Observations suggest that zinc has potential to be used in male infertility. However, further studies are warranted.

Sulfono-resistência / Sulphone resistance

Faz-se uma revisäo bibliográfica sobre a utilizaçäo de sulfona na hanseníase e situa-se a Sulfono-Resistência como grave problema de nossos dias. Define-se a situaçäo e enumeram-se 10 princípios para evitar a sulfono-resistência, chamando-se a atençäo, inclusive, para o perigo do seu uso indiscriminado em países endêmicos, em outras afecçöes