Caracterização do processo de rigor mortis dos músculos da paleta ( Triceps brachii) e dos músculos duros (Extensor/ Flexor) de javali ( Sus scrofa) e maciez da carne / Characterization of rigor mortis process of picnic shoulders muscles ( Triceps brachii) and of forefoot muscles (Extensor/ Flexor) of wild boar ( Sus scrofa) and meat tenderness

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi caracterizar o desenvolvimento do processo de rigor mortis dos músculos Triceps brachii e Extensor/Flexor, de seis carcaças de javalis, criados semiextensivos, durante o pré-resfriamento industrial e a maciez da carne, utilizando medidas de temperatura de carcaças e da câmara de resfriamento, de pH, de comprimento de sarcômero e da força de cisalhamento, nos intervalos de tempo de 0,5; 3,0; 5,0; 7,0; 9,0; 12,0 e 24,0 horas após a sangria. A temperatura da câmara fria variou de 19,6oC (0,5h) a – 0,5oC (24h) e a temperatura média das carcaças foi de 39,07oC e 0,28oC, respectivamente. O pH médio inicial do músculo Triceps brachii foi de 6,64 e o final 5,52 e nos músculos Extensor/Flexor foi de 6,79 (0,5h) e 5,68 (24h), sendo de maior valor nos músculos Extensor/Flexor. A caracterização da contração máxima de sarcômero durante o processo de rigor mortis ocorreu na 7a hora após sangria no músculo Triceps brachii (1,61mm) e na 9a hora nos músculos Extensor/Flexor (1,63 mm) e o músculo T. brachii apresentou maior tamanho de sarcômero. As perdas por cozimento foram proporcionais à força de cisalhamento onde as amostras de carne da paleta de javali foram consideradas macias, ou seja, inferiores a 5kg.

The objective of the present work was to characterize the development of the process of rigor mortis of the Triceps brachii and Extensor/Flexor muscles, of 06 wild boars, created semi-extensive, during the industrial pre-chilling and tenderness of the meat, using measures of temperature of carcasses and of the cold room, of pH, of sarcomere length and of the shear force, in the intervals of time of 0.5; 3.0; 5.0; 7.0; 9.0; 12.0 and 24.0 hours after exsanguination. The temperature of the cold room changed from 19.6oC (0.5h) to – 0.5oC (24h) and the mean temperature of the carcasses was from 39.07oC to 0.28oC, respectively. The mean initial pH of the muscle Triceps brachii was of 6.64 and final of 5.52 and Extensor/Flexor muscles was 6.79 (0.5h) and 5.68 (24h), being a bigger value in the muscles . Extensor/Flexor. The characterization of maximum contraction of the sarcomere during the of rigor mortis process took place in the 7th hour after exsanguination in the muscle Triceps brachii and in the 9th hour in the muscles Extensor/Flexor and the muscle Triceps brachii presented bigger sarcomere lenght. The cooking loss was proportional to the shear force where the samples of meat of wild boar shoulder were considered tender, in other words, inferior to 5kg.

Genetic diversity in wild (Sus scrofa scrofa) and domestic (Sus scrofa domestica) pigs and their hybrids based on polymorphism of a fragment of the D-loop region in the mitochondrial DNA

We examined the variation in mitochondrial DNA by sequencing the D-loop region in wild and domestic (large-white breed) pigs, in hybrids between domestic and wild pigs, and in Monteiro pigs. A D-loop fragment of approximately 330 bp was amplified by PCR. Sequencing of DNA amplicons identified haplotypes previously described as European and Asian types. Monteiro pigs and wild pigs had European haplotypes and domestic pigs had both European and Asian haplotypes.