RESUMEN
Epidemiological situation of taeniasis in Mongolia was assessed based on mitochondrial DNA identification of the parasite species. Multiplex PCR was used on a total of 194 proglottid specimens of Taenia species and copro-PCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays were utilized for detection of copro-DNA of 37 fecal samples from taeniasis patients submitted to the Mongolian National Center for Communicable Diseases (NCCD) from 2002 to 2012. In addition, 4 out of 44 calcified cysts in beef kept in formalin since 2003 were evaluated for histopathological confirmation of cattle cysticercosis. All proglottid specimens and stool samples were confirmed to be Taenia saginata by multiplex PCR and by copro-PCR and LAMP, respectively. Cysts collected from cattle were morphologically confirmed to be metacestodes of Taenia species. T. saginata taeniasis was identified from almost all ages from a 2-year-old boy up to a 88-year-old woman and most prominently in 15-29 age group (37%, 74/198) followed by 30-44 age group (34.8%, 69/198 ) from 15 of Mongolia's 21 provinces, while cattle cysticerci were found from 12 provinces. The highest proportion of taeniasis patients was in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia.
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Animales , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Bovinos/parasitología , Cisticercosis/epidemiología , ADN de Helmintos/genética , ADN Mitocondrial/genética , Heces/parasitología , Geografía , Carne/parasitología , Mitocondrias/genética , Mongolia/epidemiología , Enfermedades Desatendidas/epidemiología , Técnicas de Amplificación de Ácido Nucleico/veterinaria , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Taenia saginata/genética , Taenia solium/genética , Teniasis/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Com o intuito de utilizar a Reação em Cadeia pela Polimerase (PCR) como método de diagnóstico diferencial da teníase humana, avaliaram-se alguns protocolos de preparação e extração de DNA de ovos de Taenia saginata presentes em amostras de fezes de paciente naturalmente infectado. O DNA obtido após extração com fenol/clorofórmio/álcool isoamílico ou DNAzol® teve que ser purificado antes da PCR para que fosse possível a amplificação dos fragmentos de 170 pb e 600 pb desejados. Com o kit QIAmp DNA stool mini kit® tal purificação não foi necessária. Os melhores resultados foram observados após o tratamento prévio das amostras com pérolas de vidro, tanto quando da utilização de fenol/clorofórmio/álcool isoamílico, quando de DNAzol® ou QIAmp DNA stool mini kit®.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Humanos , ADN de Helmintos/química , Heces/parasitología , Manejo de Especímenes/métodos , Taenia saginata/genética , Taenia solium/genética , Teniasis/diagnóstico , ADN de Helmintos/aislamiento & purificación , Electroforesis en Gel de Agar , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Especificidad de la Especie , Taenia saginata/clasificación , Taenia solium/clasificación , Teniasis/parasitologíaRESUMEN
Several topics on taeniasis and cysticercosis in Asia and the Pacific are overviewed. In Asia and the Pacific, three human taeniid species have been recognized: Taenia solium, Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica. The first topic is on evolution of T. solium. Mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms of T. solium worldwide are discussed with emphasis of two specific genotypes: American-African and Asian. The second topic is recent major advances in sero- and molecular-diagnosis of T. solium cysticercosis in humans, pigs and dogs. The third is the present situation of T. solium taeniasis/cysticercosis in Papua (Irian Jaya), Indonesia. The forth is the present situation of T. solium cysticercosis and T. saginata taeniasis in Bali, Indonesia. The fifth is the present situation of T. asiatica taeniasis in Asia and the Pacific and in North Sumatra, Indonesia. The sixth is on the debate of the exact definition of T. asiatica. Because T. asiatica can not be differentiated from T. saginata morphologically, it is time to re-evaluate T. saginata in Asia and the Pacific. New and broad-based surveys across this region are necessary from epidemiological and public health perspectives, based on evidence.