Anti-inflammatory effects of hyperbaric oxygen on irradiated laryngeal tissues / Efeitos anti-inflamatórios do oxigênio hiperbárico sobre tecidos laríngeos irradiados

Abstract Introduction To manage the complications of irradiation of head and neck tissue is a challenging issue for the otolaryngologist. Definitive treatment of these complications is still controversial. Recently, hyperbaric oxygen therapy is promising option for these complications. Objective In this study, we used biochemical and histopathological methods to investigate the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen against the inflammatory effects of radiotherapy in blood and laryngeal tissues when radiotherapy and hyperbaric oxygen are administered on the same day. Methods Thirty-two Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups. The control group was given no treatment, the hyperbaric oxygen group was given only hyperbaric oxygen therapy, the radiotherapy group was given only radiotherapy, and the radiotherapy plus hyperbaric oxygen group was given both treatments on the same day. Results Histopathological and biochemical evaluations of specimens were performed. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and tissue inflammation levels were significantly higher in the radiotherapy group than in the radiotherapy plus hyperbaric oxygen group, whereas interleukin-10 was higher in the radiotherapy plus hyperbaric oxygen group. Conclusion When radiotherapy and hyperbaric oxygen are administered on the same day, inflammatory cytokines and tissue inflammation can be reduced in an early period of radiation injury.

Resumo Introdução O manejo das complicações da irradiação do tecido da cabeça e pescoço é uma questão desafiadora para o otorrinolaringologista. O tratamento definitivo dessas complicações ainda é controverso. Recentemente, a oxigenoterapia hiperbárica tem sido uma opção promissora para essas complicações. Objetivo Nesse estudo foram usados métodos bioquímicos e histopatológicos para investigar a eficácia do oxigênio hiperbárico contra os efeitos inflamatórios da radioterapia no sangue e nos tecidos laríngeos, quando a radioterapia e oxigênio hiperbárico são administrados no mesmo dia. Métodos Trinta e dois ratos Wistar albinos foram divididos em quatro grupos. O grupo controle nao recebeu tratamento, o grupo de oxigenio hiperbarico recebeu apenas oxigenoterapia hiperbarica, o grupo de radioterapia recebeu apenas radioterapia e o grupo de radioterapia com oxigenio hiperbarico recebeu ambos os tratamentos no mesmo dia. Resultados Foram realizadas avaliaçoes histopatologicas e bioquimicas dos especimes. Os niveis sericos de fator de necrose tumoral-α, interleucina-1β e inflamaçao tecidual foram significativamente maiores no grupo de radioterapia do que no grupo de radioterapia mais oxigenio hiperbarico, enquanto que a interleucina-10 foi maior no grupo de radioterapia mais oxigenio hiperbarico. Conclusão Quando a radioterapia e o oxigênio hiperbárico são administrados no mesmo dia, as citocinas inflamatórias e a inflamação tecidual podem ser reduzidas no período inicial da radiação.

Effects of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide 1826 on acute radiation-induced lung injury in mice

BACKGROUND: The radiation-induced lung injury is a common complication from radiotherapy in lung cancer. CpG ODN is TLR9 activator with potential immune modulatory effects and sensitization of radiotherapy in lung cancer. This study aimed to examine the effect of CpG ODN on acute radiation-induced lung injury in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS: The mouse model of radiation-induced lung injury was established by a single dose of 20 Gy X-rays exposure to the left lung. The results showed that the pneumonia score was lower in RT+CpG group than in RT group on 15th and 30th days. Compared with RT group, CpG ODN reduced the serum concentrations of MDA (P < 0.05) and increased the serum concentrations of SOD, GSH (P < 0.05). The serum concentration of TNF-α in RT+CpG group was lower on 15th and 30th days post-irradiation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated that CpG ODN has preventive effects of acute radiation-induced lung injury in mice. Lung inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress are promoted in the initiation of radiation-induced pneumonia. CpG ODN may reduce the injury of reactive oxygen species and adjust the serum TNF-α concentration in the mice after irradiation, which reduces the generation of the inflammatory cytokines.

Proteins and liver function changes in rats following cumulative total body irradiations / Proteínas y cambios de función hepática en ratas tras irradiación corporal total cumulativa

OBJECTIVE: Total body irradiation (TBI) is a choice therapy for the management of some malignancies; it is also a major cause of oxidative stress. The aim of this research is to sequentially document the effect of total body radiation on body function utilizing the sequential changes in liver function enzymes and proteins in rats. METHODS: Serum protein and liver enzymes were assessed using kits in rats exposed to total body radiations of 1.27 Gy/minute in cumulative doses to the fourth radiation at five-day intervals. RESULTS: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and serum protein were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated with increasing radiation. No significant differences between experimental and control groups for bilirubin concentrations were noted at any time. Serum levels of albumin were significantly (p < 0.05) increased with the first to third radiation exposures but reduced at the fourth cumulative dose exposure. CONCLUSION: Variations are associated with acute stress, inflammation which could be due to non-specific stress reaction, while fluctuations could arise as a result of tolerance and repair within the liver. These tests are significant for diagnosis of radiation-induced injury and can be important for evaluation of its severity and correct management.

OBJETIVO: La irradiación corporal total (ICT) es una terapia de elección para el tratamiento de algunos tumores malignos. También es una de las causas principales del estrés oxidativo. El objetivo de esta investigación es documentar el efecto de la radiación corporal total sobre las funciones corporales utilizando los cambios secuenciales en las enzimas de la función hepática y las proteínas en las ratas. MÉTODOS: Se evaluaron las proteínas séricas así como las enzimas hepáticas mediante el uso de kits en ratas expuestas a radiaciones corporales totales de 1.27 Gy/minuto en dosis cumulativas hasta la cuarta radiación con cinco días de intervalo. RESULTADOS: La aspartato transaminasa (AST), la alanina aminotransferasa (ALT) y la proteína sérica fueron elevadas significativamente (p < 0.05) con el aumento creciente de la radiación. No hubo diferencias significativas entre el grupo experimental y el grupo control, observándose concentraciones de bilirrubina todo el tiempo. Los niveles séricos de albúmina aumentaron significativamente (p < 0.05) con la primera de tres exposiciones a la radiación, pero experimentaron una reducción a partir de la cuarta exposición de dosis cumulativa. CONCLUSIÓN: Las variaciones están asociadas con estrés agudo e inflamación que podría deberse a una reacción a estrés no específico, mientras que las fluctuaciones podrían surgir como resultado de la tolerancia y la regeneración dentro del hígado. Estas pruebas son importantes para el diagnóstico de lesiones inducidas por radiación, así como para la evaluación de la severidad y el tratamiento correcto de las mismas.