Fracturas de la base del quinto metatarsiano: ¿es útil mi tornillo de esponjosa con rosca parcial? Experiencia de 10 años / Fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal bone: is my partially-threaded cancellous screw useful? 10-year experience

OBJETIVO Evaluar el resultado quirúrgico de fracturas de las zonas 2 y 3 de la base del quinto metatarsiano usando tornillos de esponjosa de diámetro de 4,0 mm con rosca parcial. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS Evaluación retrospectiva de pacientes operados entre 2010 a 2019. Incluimos todos los casos sintetizados con este dispositivo con seguimiento mínimo de tresmeses, y excluimos casos operados con otros dispositivos y seguimiento menor a tres meses. Evaluamos la consolidació n y la presencia de complicaciones. Determinamos el largo del tornillo, el diámetro del canal endomedular, la distancia entre el borde proximal de la tuberosidad y la fractura, y la distancia de paso de la rosca sobre el rasgo de la fractura en radiografías anteroposterior (AP) y oblicua del pie. RESULTADOS Evaluamos 39 casos, y la muestra tenía una edad promedio de 27 años, y predominio del sexo masculino. El largo de tornillo más usado fue el de 45 mm, y los diámetros promedios del canal endomedular medidos en las radiografías AP y oblicua fueron de 4,6 mm y 3,96 mm, respectivamente. La distancia del borde de la tuberosidad hasta la fractura fue de 25,8 mm, y la distancia de paso de la rosca sobre el rasgo de la fractura fue en promedio de 24 mm. Hubo 100% de consolidación, en un promedio de 9,4 semanas, y 3 casos de retardo de consolidación, 2 de retroceso de tornillo, 1 de rosca intrafoco, y 1 de fractura cortical superior. No hubo retiros de tornillos a la fecha. DISCUSION No existe consenso respecto al tornillo ideal. La literatura internacional recomienda dispositivos intramedulares de diámetro de al menos 4,5 mm. Existen pocos reportes del uso de tornillos de diámetro de 4,0 mm. CONCLUSIONES El tornillo de esponjosa de diámetro de 4,0 mm con rosca parcial es una alternativa eficaz, segura y con baja tasa de complicaciones para el manejo de estas fracturas en nuestra población.

OBJETIVE To evaluate the surgical result of zone-2 and -3 fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal bone using partially-threaded cancellous screws with a diameter of 4.0 mm. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective evaluation of patients submitted to surgery between 2010 and 2019. We included all of the cases synthesized with this device with a minimum follow-up of three months, and excluded the cases operated on with other devices and follow-up shorter than three months. We evaluated the consolidation and the presence of complications, and determined, screw length, diameter of the endomedullary canal, the distance between the proximal edge of tuberosity and the fracture, and thread pitch over the fracture line on anteroposterior (AP) and oblique radiographs. RESULTS We evaluated 39 cases, and the sample had an average age of 27 years and male predominance. The most used screw length was 45 mm, and the average diameters of the medullary canal measured on the AP and oblique radiographs were of 4.6 mm and 3.96 mm respectively. The distance from the edge of the tuberosity to the fracture was of 25.8 mm, and the thread pitch over the fracture line was on average 24 mm. The rate of consolidation was of 100%, occurring in an average of 9.4 weeks, and there were 3 cases of consolidation delay, 2 of screw recoil, 1 of intrafocus thread, and 1 of superior cortex fracture. To date, there have been no cases of screw removal. DISCUSSION There is no consensus regarding the ideal screw. The international literature recommends intramedullary devices with a diameter of at least 4.5 mm. There are few reports of the use of screws with 4.0 mm in diameter. CONCLUSIONS The partially-threaded cancellous screw with a diameter of 4.0 mm is an effective and safe option, with a low complication rate for the management of these fractures.

Revisit of Broden's View for Intraarticular Calcaneal Fracture

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to investigate the relationship between coronal computed tomography (CT) and Broden's view in terms of location of the fracture line and fracture pattern. METHODS: Forty-five feet of 45 patients with intraarticular calcaneal fractures were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 46.3 years (standard deviation, 18.1; range, 15 to 80 years), and there were 34 men and 11 women. The Broden's views were acquired using the ray sum projection, reviewed, and correlated with the coronal CT image to determine the location of the fracture on the posterior facet and fracture pattern described by the Sanders classification. The quantified location of the fracture line was defined as the distance between the medial margin of posterior facet and the fracture line divided by the whole length of the posterior facet, which was expressed as a percentage. RESULTS: The fracture line on the Broden's view was positioned at 22.3% (standard deviation, 29.6) laterally compared to that on coronal CT (p < 0.01). Although all cases showed posterior facet involvement on the CT scan, the fracture line was positioned lateral to the posterior facet in 6 cases (13.3%) in the Broden's view. The coronal CT and Broden's view showed a low level of agreement in the fracture pattern according to the Sanders classification, with kappa values of 0.23. CONCLUSIONS: Surgeons should consider that the fracture line on the Broden's view shows positioning laterally compared to coronal CT and they should consider that the fracture line at the lateral to posterior facet on the Broden's view might be an intraarticular fracture line. There are some limitations when applying the Sanders classification with the Broden's view.

Caso para diagnóstico / Case for diagnosis

Pacientes com ferimentos penetrantes plantares com presença de corpo estranho são atendidos em serviços de emergência, clínicas ortopédicas e dermatológicas. As características clínicas dessas lesões são pouco citadas em periódicos e livros textos dermatológicos. Relatamos um caso de corpo estranho plantar em que a história clínica e o exame dermatológico foram decisivos para o diagnóstico.

Patients presenting with plantar puncture wounds with presence of foreign bodies are treated in emergency departments, dermatology and orthopedic clinics. The clinical features of these lesions are rarely cited in journals and textbooks of dermatology. We report a case of foreign body in the plantar surface of the foot, in which clinical history and dermatological examination were decisive for the diagnosis.