Résumé
Background: stroke is a major cause of death and disability in all societies and the disability resulting from stroke most commonly presents as hemiplegia or hemiparesis. The purpose of this study was to determine postural control and balance problems in hemiparetic patients and the effects of functional, balance and strengthening exercises protocol [FBS] in treatment of these impairments
Methods and materials: this clinical trial was performed in Kahrizak charity foundation in 1382. Thirty-four hemiparetic patients secondary to stroke with a mean+/- SD age of 52.41 +/- 6.19 years participated in the study through simple non-probability sampling. All patients were screened to ensure that their time since onset of stroke was at least 12 months. Patients were assigned randomly to either an experimental group or a control group, and their balance were assessed using balance part of functional, balance and strength scale [FBSS] before and after 12 sessions of intervention. The experimental group received FBS protocol. The control group received all FBS protocol except for strengthening exercises. In parametric data independent and paired t-tests and in nonparametric data Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests allowed for comparisons between the pretreatment and post treatment test results between and within groups, respectively
Results: index of total balance in the experimental group increased from 53.3 +/- 8.1 to 70.5 +/- 6.3 [ordinal] [P <0.0001]. Index of total balance in the control group increased from 48.4 +/- 8.5 to 52.9 +/- 7.2 [ordinal] [P <0.0001]. Significant improvement [P <0.0001] after treatment was seen in the experimental group in measures of total balance index compared to control group. The Mann-Whitney test also identified a significant difference [P <0.0001] between the experimental group and the control group with respect to mean difference of total balance variable scores
Conclusions: the results of this study support the effectiveness of muscle strength training to improve postural control and balance in the chronic stages of rehabilitation following stroke
Résumé
Introduction: there are many methods for treatment of patients with unexplained infertility. The easiest method is induction of ovulation and the most commonly used drug for induction of ovulation is Clomiphen Citrate
Objective: this study was carried out to compare the efficacy of different methods of Clomiphen Citrate administration for induction of ovulation
Materials and Methods: this is a randomized clinical trial performed on 60 cases with unexplained infertility in Mirzakoochakkhan Hospital of Tehran from September 23, 2001 to March 20, 2003. Patients were divided into three groups with 20 cases in each group. All three groups were treated with Clomiphen Citrate 100 mg/d. In group A, 100 mg of Clomiphen Citrate was given for the first 5 days of the cycle and in group B on days 3-7 and in group C on days 5-9
Results: the results showed no significant differences in age, parity, duration of infertility, weight or endometrial pattern in the three groups. The mean follicles number in group A was 2+/- 0.85, in group B 2.25+/- 0.9 and in group C 1.1+/- 0.8. There was signiticant difference between three groups. We observed 2 pregnancy cases in group A, 4 pregnancies in group B and 1 pregnancy in group C. No differences in the mean serum progestrone levels in mid - luteal phase were detected between the three groups
Conclusion: considering the results obtained, it appears that administration of Clomiphen Citrate on days 3-7 exert the best impact on the folicle number and pregnancy rate