Prevalence of cleft lip and palate in cousin marriages

Birth defects are one of the leading causes of paediatric disability and mortality in developing as well as developed countries. The purpose of this study is to report our 3 months experience regarding the prevalence of cleft lip and palate in cousin marriages. A retrospective review of 50 patients who presented with cleft lip or cleft lip/palate during 3 months, from 9th March to 8th June, 2005 was carried out. Among the risk factors cousin marriages is a most frequent risk factor. Cleft lip is more common than cleft lip/palate and cleft lip alone is a different entity than cleft lip and palate combined

Frequency of benign breast diseases in female patients presenting with breast lumps - a study at sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore

To determine the frequency of benign breast diseases in female patients in our setup. Prospective descriptive study. The study was carried on female patients presenting at surgical out door of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore during one year i.e. January 2001 to January 2002. Two hundred female patients presenting with breast lumps at surgical out door of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore during one year were studied. All the patients were examined clinically with special emphasis on breast, axilla and supra clavicular fossae. Basic laboratory investigations including blood complete examination, urine complete examination and chest X -ray were done for all the patients. Breast imaging and FNAC of lumps were also done. Final diagnosis was based upon histological examination of the tissues biopsied from the lump. After collecting data, written in proforma, window SPSS software was used to analyze the results. This study shows a high f requency of fibroadenoma [45%] in Pakistani females. Fibrocystic disease is second in frequency and accounts for 36% patients.8% patients had intraductal papilloma and three percent suffered from duct ectasia.5% patients had other conditions related to breast including two patients presenting with pre histological diagnosis of fibrocystic disease who turned out to be malignant after histopathology. Most of the patients had age range of 20-29 years. Fibroadenoma is the commonest of all benign breast diseases in Pakistani women. Fibrocystic change is the second in this regard. Benign lesions of the breast can resemble its carcinoma on clinical examination

study of comparative efficacy mesh repair vs Bassini's repair in inguinal hernia repair

A prospective study of 40 patients with Inguinal hernia was carried out at Surgical Unit - I Sir Ganga Ram Hospital from Jan 97 to Jul. 98. The patients were randomised and an equal number of patients Le. 20 each underwent Mesh and Bassini's Repair 29 patients had Indirect and 11 patients direct inguinal hernia. Age incidence of patients varied from 19 years to 63 years. Patients were followed up for a period of 6 months. Patients who had mesh repair alone had lesser pain, returned to work earlier and had no recurrence

Audit of occupational hand trauma presenting in the accident and emergency departments of two major hospitals

A study was carried out in 31 patients presenting with occupational hand trauma in Accident and Emergency Departments of two General Hospitals of Lahore. All of the patients were males and 39% of them were below the legal working age [<18 years], 32.26% were illiterate. More than 55% had no training prior to the job and 58% of the patients had to work for more than 8 hours a day. Sixty one% of the work places lacked arrangements for first aid, protective clothing or fire extinguishers. Seventy five% of the patients required admission. Right hand was involved in 58% of patients. Radiographs were carried out in 74% of the cases, 65% showed positive findings. Wound toilet was done in 87%. Eleven patients were referred to Orthopaedic and one patients to Plastic Surgery. Post operative infection was seen in 22.6% and amputation done in 10% of the patients

Experience of exteriorization of colon after primary repair with a special technique in penetrating injuries of abdomen

The aim of this study is to introduce a technique of repairing colonic injuries to minimize the chances of leakage/disruption seen so often with other methods of primary colonic repair. It is a prospective study carried out over a period of thirty months. Thirty nine consecutive patients were admitted through emergency with penetrating trauma to colon in the surgical units of a major teaching hospital. The age of the patients ranged from 14-70 years. Of these, 29 patients were male and 10 females. Primary repair of injured colon was done with a special technique of seperate closure of mucosal and sero muscular layers. Daily inspection of the repaired exteriorized colon was done. It was later reposed into the abdomen after the bowel activity started. None of our patients developed any evidence of anastomotic leak. Although the number of cases is small, this method is quite safe and the hazard of placing a primarily repaired colon in a closed abdomen is also overcome

Four years experience of management of diabetic foot

A Study of 68 patients suffering from diabetic foot complications admitted through out patient department is presented. Age of patients ranged between 28 to 82 years. Effective control of diabetes mellitus, regular evaluation of circulation of foot and the pressure areas are essential in the management. In established cases of foot sepsis, generous incision and debridement and appropriate antibiotic coverage play an important role