Résumé
Background: chronic kidney disease [CKD] is defined as a reduced glomerular filtration rate, increased urinary albumin excretion, or both and it is an increasing public health issue with prevalence estimated to be 8-16% worldwide
Objective: the risk factors for CKD are increasing in the Saudi population. Hence, this descriptive study aimed to assess the files of the adult patients with chronic renal failure [CRF] at King Khalid Hospital, Najran City, Saudi Arabia. It also identified the relationship of these common risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, polycystic kidney disease, certain infections, effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs] with CRF
Methods: a structured-type interview was conducted with checklist with 50 samples from the patient's record using the non-probability sampling technique. Frequency and percentage distributions were used to describe the incidence and the common risk factors associated with CKD
Results: this study revealed that the most affected group of people with renal failure was from 41 to 50 years age group, which represented about 30% of all samples taken from King Khalid Hospital. Hypertensive patients occurred to be highest in 90% of patients with CRF, while the patients with polycystic kidney disease had low risk of renal failure with 20%. Diabetes mellitus was reported in about 70% of patients. Lifestyle, diet and genetic factors are important factors in developing this disease and they are greatly associated with chronic renal failure
Résumé
Background: Acute intestinal obstruction occurs when there is an interruption in the forward flow of intestinal contents. This interruption can occur at any point along the length of the gastrointestinal tract, and clinical symptoms often vary based on the level of obstruction. Intestinal obstruction in children can occur as a result of various causes such as, intussusception, adhesive small bowel obstruction, malrotation, and Hirschsprung's disease. In this review paper we will go through the literatures that have been investigated to assess the various management measures and its outcomes
Objective: In this review we aimed at assessing of different management plans of gastrointestinal obstruction in different conditions like Intussusception, Congenital Duodenal Obstruction and Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction [ASBO], and the outcomes related. Moreover, providing a reference paper analyzing all the clinical studies in this field
Methods: PubMed database was used for articles selection, and the following keys used in the Mesh ["Intestinal Obstruction/diet therapy"[Mesh] OR "Intestinal Obstruction/drug effects"[Mesh] OR "Intestinal Obstruction/ drug therapy"[Mesh] OR "Intestinal Obstruction/surgery"[Mesh] OR "Intestinal Obstruction/ therapy"[Mesh]]
Results: Intussusception should be treated with hydrostatic reduction [HR] even with more than one try because this method was associated with high success rate. After successful HR, patient can be discharged from ED if there were no suspected complications. Surgical treatment is indicated mostly in cases of complications. Manual reduction was associated with significantly better post-operative outcomes and lesser time to recovery. It is advised not to maintain high threshold for resection in order to avoid post-operative recurrence or perforation. The use of Gastrografin in treating children with adhesive small bowel obstruction when the conservative management fails is safe. However, half of the patients will need surgical management after all
Conclusion: The laparoscopic approach in the management of congenital duodenal obstruction can be performed in neonates safely. It showed similar outcomes to the open approach despite the presence of high conversion rate