Evaluation of Anticlastogenic effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract against Cyclophosphamide induced Chromosomal aberration in Swiss albino Mice.

Background: Indian subcontinent is a vast repository of medicinal plants that are used in traditional medical treatments. Various indigenous systems such as Siddha, Ayurveda, Unani and Allopathy use several plant species to treat different ailments. Ayurveda includes diet and herbal remedies, while emphasizing the body, mind and spirit in disease prevention and treatment. Since origin of human’s life, medicinal plants continue to play a curative and therapeutic role in preserving human health against disease. Herbal plants have been a rich source of medicines because they produce a host of bioactive molecules, most of which probably evolved as chemical defenses against predation or infection. Objective: The study was aimed towards evaluation of Immuno-enhancing potential of hydromethanolic root extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra through the prevention of Mutagenecity caused by Clastogenic or Chemotherapeutic agents in bone marrow cells of Swiss albino mice. Methods: For the assessment of Anti-clastogenic efficacy of G. glabra hydromethanolic root extract, the Bone marrow Chromosomal aberration assay was used and the single i.p. of G. glabra extract given at the doses of 300, 450 and 600mg/kg body weight, 24 hours prior the administration of Cyclophosphamide at the dose of 50 mg/kg body wt. Results: The present investigation revealed that, the doses of 450 and 600mg/kg body wt. provided significant protection against Cyclophosphamide induced Chromosomal aberration in the bone marrow cells of Swiss albino mice. A dose dependent inhibition was observed which was statistically significant (p<0.05) when compared to Cyclophosphamide group. It was observed that G. glabra root extract alone has not induced any Chromosomal aberration. Conclusion: Thus in Mutagenecity assay, G. glabra root extract possess protective potential against Cyclophosphamide induced Mutagenecity in mouse Bone marrow cells. It may be concluded that this herbal extract have Anti-clastogenic agents which showed Anti-mutagenic nature.

Assessment of median lethal dose and anti-mutagenic effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract against chemically induced micronucleus formation in Swiss albino mice.

Background: To assess the median lethal dose and evaluate the anti-chemotherapeutic effects of hydro-methanolic root extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra on the cyclophosphamide (CP) induced mutagenicity in bone marrow cells of Swiss albino mice. Methods: For the assessments of LD50, hydro-methanolic root extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra were intra-peritoneally administered at doses of 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, and 1200 mg/kg body weight. For the mutagenicity study, bone marrow micronucleus test was used and the single i.p. of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract given at the dose of 300, 450, and 600 mg/kg body weight, 24 hrs prior the administration of CP (at the dose of 50 mg/kg body weight). Results: The present investigations revealed that, the median lethal dose/LD50 was observed at the dose of 833.3 mg/kg body weight. The results suggest that, the doses of 450 and 600 mg/kg body weight expressed signifi cant preventive potential against CP induced Micronucleus formation in student ‘t’ test at dose dependent manner in the bone marrow cells of Swiss albino mice. Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract alone has not induced micronucleus formation. Conclusion: Based on this study, it may be concluded that Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract possess anti-mutagenic behavior and this hydro-methanolic crude extract may be safe as per the LD50 was observed.

In vivo antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract on carbon tetra chloride (CCl4) induced oxidative-stress mediated hepatotoxicity.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of Glycyrrhiza glabra hydromethanolic root extract against carbon tetra chloride (CCl4) induced oxidative-stress mediated hepatotoxicity in liver tissue of Swiss albino mice. Background: Medicinal plants play a vital role for the development of new drugs. Glycyrrhiza glabra is a widely used medicinal plant. It has many phyto-constituents and active components, which can be used for many diseases. Methods: For the antioxidant and hepatoprotective study, measurement of GSH, CAT, LPO bio-markers in Liver tissue of Swiss albino mice were taken. The animals were divided in six different groups each having 4 mice. The requisite dose of CCl4 was dissolved in appropriate solvent (1.5ml/kg body wt) and administrated as single i.p. dose per mice after 6 hr of last treatment of extract to the animals in each group. Mice were received orally administration of extract up to 7 days. Positive Control group received single i.p. injection of 1.5ml/kg body wt CCl4 in 0.9% saline. Results: The results suggest that, the crude extract of root of G. glabra at the doses of 300 and 600mg/kg body wt. expressed significant hepatoprotective potential against CCl4 induced oxidative stress mediated hepatotoxicity in student ‘t’ test (p<0.05) at dose dependent manner in the Liver tissue of Swiss albino mice. G. glabra root extract alone has not induced hepatotoxicity. Conclusion: Based on this study, It may be concluded that Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract possess hepatoprotective potential in Swiss albino mice.

Hepato-toxic effect of diuron in albino rats.

Tumour initiating/promoting effect of diuron, a widely used substituted urea herbicide, was studied in rats using liver tumour model. Chronic exposure to diuron at a dose of 250 mg/kg body wt resulted in high mortality and weight loss in treated animals. The animals which received diuron + HCH treatment showed an increase in size and weight of liver as compared to controls. Liver tumours were not observed in any of the treated group whereas some significant histological changes were seen in diuron treated rat liver. Diuron thus has been found to be hepatotoxic albeit neither tumour initiating nor promoting in rat liver tumorigenesis assay system.

Effect of diuron on germ cells of mice.

Diuron in both, acute (340 and 170 mg/kg body wt) and chronic (3400 ppm) doses induced dominant lethal mutations in male Swiss albino mice. The results suggest that diuron is mutagenic in dominant lethal test system.