Study of FEV1/FVC Ratio In Relation to BMI in Young Group of Rohilkhand Region.

Background: The aim of study was to to assess respiratory indices in underweight and overweight young group (subcategory) and compare the same with normal weight controls (in the age group of 18 to 30 years). Methods: In the present study 210 subjects were included, aged between 18 yrs-30 yrs after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The groups (n=210, case= 132 and control= 78) are divided into group A, B, C, D, E and F respectively each having 21, 78, 40. 35, 29 and 7 subjects on the basis Of international classification of BMI. Results: In our study mean predicted value of FEV1/FVC ratio in group A 84.02±31.24(underweight), group C 86.83±29.46(pre-obese), group D 92.10±13.31(obese class 1),group 93.72±9.49 ( obese class 2) and group F191.02±22.24( obese class 3), when compared to control group B 87.95±26.77 was found to be decreased in group A and increased in other obese group , but it was within normal range in all groups and no statistical difference found between different groups (P value>0.05). Conclusion: After analyzing the data, we did not observe any statistically significant difference in FEV1/FVC between the control and underweight and overweight group.

A comparative evaluation of lipid profile in smokers and non smokers as control.

Background: The major cardiovascular risk factors i.e. smoking, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia; person having only one of these risk factors show a 2-4 times increase in the incidence of coronary heart disease. Studied have also shown the beneficial effect of smoking cessation on the serum lipids, mainly HDL cholesterol. The risk of coronary artery disease reverts rapidly after cessation of smoking. Material and method:-Present study is conducted to reveal the effect of smoking on the lipid profile in male subject. The cross-sectional study was done in 60 male subjects age ranging from 30 to 45 years. The subjects were divided into control group (n=30) and study group i.e. smokers (n=30). All subjects were belongs from either social class 2 or 3 according to Modified Prasad’s social classification. About 5 ml of venous blood will be obtained after 10-12 hours of fasting and analysis of lipid profile was done. Result: Total Cholesterol, Total Triglycerides, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL-Cholesterol), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL- Cholesterol) and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL-Cholesterol) will be calculated by Friedwald and Friedrickson formula. There is significant difference in lipid profile parameter of control and smokers. The Total Triglyceride, Total Cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol ,VLDL-Cholesterol of control and smokers are respectively, which is increase significantly (p<0.05) in smokers then control. The HDL-Cholesterol of control and smokers is decrease significantly (p<0.05) in smokers then control. Conclusion: Hence we concluded that strict measures should be taken up to control the prevalence of the habits of smoking and preventing the risk factor for cardio vascular diseases, hypertension etc.

The effect of marble dust on different pulmonary parameters in marble factory workers.

There are numbers of marble factories are found in Agra, UP, India and the numbers of workers perform their duties to those factories to maintain their family wages. Majority of the workers are habituated to smoke during their working period. The marble dust as well as smoking habits both affects the pulmonary parameters. Therefore an attempt has been taken to find out the severity of the affect of dust on pulmonary parameters in marble factory workers with respect to nonsmokers and residing far away from the marble factories, i.e., persons residing in Bareilly, UP, India. The study was performed on 90 male marble factory workers in which 62 workers with smoking habits and 28 workers are nonsmokers. And they are compared with 20 smokers and 20 non-smokers subjects, which are denoted as control group, considering same economic status. The subjects’ height and weight were taken following the standard procedure. The pulmonary parameters [Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expired Volume-1st sec. (FEV1), Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR), Forced Expiratory Flow (FEF25-75%) and Maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV)] were determined by means of a portable multifunctional computerized spirometer. The results indicates that there was a significant difference in FVC (p<0.001) and FEV1 (p<0.01) between control group and marble workers with smoking habits. It may be concluded that the workers of marble factories are directly affected from the dust of marble during working as well as non working period also, due to they were residing near the marble factories. This direct effect of the workers due to the inhalation of marble dust through the respiration, which might be causes restrictive or obstructive lung diseases.